The ABR point-to-multipoint connection is now playing a more important role. Many consolidation algorithms have been proposed to solve the consolidation noise problems and the slow transient response problem. But few timeout algorithms are proposed to handle the ¡§non-responsive¡¨ branches problems for the multicast connections. We proposed a timeout algorithm which can handle the ¡§non-responsive¡¨ branches problems and with a lower implementation complexity. Simulation results also show that the proposed timeout algorithm can efficiently handle the ¡§non-responsive¡¨ branches and can use the available bandwidth within a small period of time.

The purpose of this qualitative study was to investigate early childhood lead teachers' perspectives of time out, including their attitudes and beliefs, and the practice of time out in their classrooms. The study sought to detail the practice of time out, to investigate teachers' perceptions of time out, and to gain further understanding into teachers' choices regarding time out use. These objectives were achieved with the use of a comprehensive, written survey directed to 151 lead preschool teachers at 18 randomly selected preschool programs within Hamilton County, Ohio. Written discipline policies from 9 preschool programs included in the survey sample were also analyzed as they related to the use of time out. Fifty completed surveys were returned representing a well-balanced sample of lead teachers across multiple demographic variables.Results indicated that 66% of teachers were using time out and there were not any distinguishable differences among the variables collected between those teachers who used time out and those who did not. Teachers' time out practices included verbal or visual warnings for children, discussion, and redirection. Teachers defined time out as an action, as a period of time, and as a place. 63% of teachers did not perceive time out as punishment; nonetheless 55% perceived that time out had the potential to be harmful to young children. The majority of teachers using time out did so because they perceived that the child learned through time out, but other teachers indicated that young children were not able to comprehend time out. Some teachers used time out due to the perceived social and emotional benefits for the child while other teachers perceived time out to be detrimental to children's social and emotional development. Teachers also indicated that they used time out to maintain control of children.Teachers who used time out were influenced by experience, education, program policies, and because time out is a form of discipline. Interestingly, these same factors influenced other teachers to not use time out. The majority of the teachers who chose not to use time out were influenced by other methods available for classroom or behavior management. / Department of Elementary Education

Thesis (Ph. D.)--West Virginia University, 1998. / Title from document title page. "December, 1998." Document formatted into pages; contains xiii, 117 p. : ill. (some col.) Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 111-117).

Thesis (M.A.)--West Virginia University, 1999. / Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains [vi], 101 p. : ill. (some col.) Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 54-64).

Thesis (M.A.)--West Virginia University, 2000. / Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains vi, 34 p. : ill. Vita. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 100-102).

Syfte Syftet med studien är att analysera matchstatistik av timeouter från säsongen 2017/18 av Svenska Hockeyligan (SHL) och utifrån analysen inhämta tränares och spelares upplevda erfarenheter på timeouter. Metod Studiens genomförandes med en mixed method där både en kvalitativ, samt kvantitativ forskning bedrivs genom intervjuer och analys av matchstatistik hämtad från SHL säsongen 2017/18. Studiens urval till intervjuerna bestod av tränare och spelare på elitnivå inom idrotten ishockey och matchstatistiken som sammanställdes hämtades från svenska ishockeyförbundets databas från säsongen 2017/18 i SHL. Resultat Resultatet av studien visades bland annat att under SHL säsongen 2017/18 togs mindre än hälften av möjliga timeouter och flest timeouter togs i tredje perioden av lag i underläge. Under timeouterna upplevs tränarna vara mest aktiva och intervjudeltagarnas generella upplevda erfarenheter är att powerbreaken har en stor inverkan till att antalet timeouter är få och även till att tränarna väntar med att ta sina timeouter till slutet av matcherna. Slutsatser Slutsatserna med denna studien är att powerbreaken har en stor inverkan till att mindre än hälften av timeouterna utnyttjas. Powerbreaks har blivit som extra timeouter, då lagen får ett längre avbrott i spelet en gång per period. Det medför att lagen spar sin timeout till slutet av matcherna. De flesta timeouterna tas av lag i underläge och av lag i botten av tabellen. Vilket är logiskt då lag i botten av tabellen oftare ligger under i slutet av matcher då de flesta timeouter utnyttjas. / Purpose The purpose of the study is to analyze match statistics of timeouts from the 2017/18 season of the Swedish Hockey League (SHL) and based on the analysis obtain coaches and players approach experiences off timeouts. Method Method during the study was a mixed method, whit both a qualitative and a quantitative research through interviews and statistical compilation of statistics from SHL seson 2017/18. The study's selection to the interviews was coaches and players at the elite level in the sports ice hockey and match statistics was taken and compiled from the Swedish Ice Hockey Association's database from the 2017/18 season in SHL. Results The result of the study shows that during the SHL season 2017/18 less than half of possible timeouts were taken and most of the timeouts were taken in the third period of teams in lower positions in games. During the timeouts, the trainers are most active and the interviewees' overall experience is that the powerbreak has a major impact on numbers of timeouts and that coaches are waiting to take their timeouts to the end of the matches. Conclusion The conclusions of this study are that the powerbreak has a major impact on that less than half of the timeouts being use. Powerbreaks has become an extra timeout when teams gets a longer break one time per period during the matches. This means that teams save their timeout to the end of the matches. Most timeouts are taken by teams in lower positions and by teams at the bottom of the table. Which is logical since teams at the bottom of the table are more often in lower position at the end of matches when most timeouts are used.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--West Virginia University, 2004. / Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains v, 111 p. : ill. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 67-76).

Rehabilitation Centres receive both children in need of protection and youths who have committed a criminal offence. In all cases, the Centre's mandate is to help them readjust to society. In pursuing this mandate, educators resort to measures of seclusion, time-out or withdrawal, whether for therapeutic or disciplinary reasons. All of these measures, however one wishes to call them, may be effected through confinement. The children are thus liable to be locked into their own room, into a specially designed time-out room or into a seclusion room, the time of confinement lasting anywhere from a few minutes to a few hours. Some rehabilitation programs, calling for measures such as time-out or withdrawal, currently allow for the possibility of confining a child in a locked room for some twenty hours a day, for several consecutive days. / From a legal standpoint, confinement may constitute a form of therapy, or it may constitute a disciplinary measure. Depending on the reason for its implementation, seclusion therefore falls under different legal provisions. Yet in all cases, seclusion remains a coercive measure with a strong punitive component. It would therefore be logical for all confinement measures to be governed by the same set of legal rules. Furthermore, the framework provided by health services legislation, which is based on consent to treatment, does not properly account for such measures. Regulating the disciplinary powers of educators, especially their power to lock up children in closed rooms, would be an approach better suited to the actual needs of children.

I avsaknad av ett existentiellt hot påbörjades efter kalla krigets slut en transformation av de europeiska försvarsmakterna. Den europeiska integrationen skulle öka staternas säkerhet varpå försvarbudgetarna sakta krympte samtidigt som EU:s fria rörligheter även förenklade rörligheten av skadliga och oönskade element. Kombinationen av bristande ekonomi och en utökad hotbild krävde flexibla och kostnadseffektiva förband. Försvarmakten deklarerade under perioden "strategisk timeout" där den strategiska försvarsplanering reducerades till ett minimum i syfte att istället identifiera Försvarsmaktens framtida förmågor samt vilka förband som skulle bistå med förmågorna. Den ursprungliga ambitionen reducerades kraf-tigt av krympande försvarsanslag och stor påverkan av regional- och industripolitik. För-svarsmakten befann sig i en kaotisk period där förbanden agerade främst för sitt eget bästa snarare än Försvarsmaktens. Under dessa förutsättningar var förbandens närvaro på den internationella insatsarenan en försäkring för förbandets överlevnad. Röjdykardivisionen utvecklade under perioden det nya förbandet marinens EOD med för-måga att röja minor både på land och under ytan. Uppsatsen har syftat till att förklara varför, i konkurrens med andra minröjande förband, Röjdyk tilläts utveckla en förmåga som sedan utnyttjades på den internationella landarenan. Denna uppsats gör en ansats att förklara fenomenet med hjälp av Graham Allisons tre förkla-ringsmodeller som betraktar händelser ur ett rationellt perspektiv, ett organisatoriskt per-spektiv och ett maktkampsperspektiv. Resultatet beskriver bl.a. att Röjdyk kunde utvecklas på grund av att förbandet var kostnads-effektivt och insatsfokuserat, producerade välavvägda och realistiska handlingsalternativ, hade den gemensamma viljan inom hela förbandet att sträva mot ett tydligt mål.

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