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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Search for tt̄H production and measurement of the tt̄ cross-section with the ATLAS detector

Qin, Yang January 2017 (has links)
The Higgs boson and the top quark have been a focus in modern elementary particle physics research because of their special roles in the Standard Model (SM) of particle physics. The studies of both particles are crucial for revealing the unsolved puzzles of modern particle physics. The coupling between the Higgs boson and the top quark, the top-Yukawa coupling, is one of the fundamental parameters in the SM that can potentially direct the future development of the theory of elementary particle physics. This thesis presents two analyses on the Higgs boson and the top quark, using proton-proton (pp) collision data collected by the ATLAS detector during 2012 and 2015. A search for the SM Higgs boson produced in association with a top quark pair (tt̄H) was performed using 20.3 fb⁻¹ of pp collision data at a centre-of-mass energy of √s = 8 TeV. The search is designed to be primarily sensitive to the H → bb decay mode. Events with one of two electrons or muons are used in the search. No significant excess of events is observed above the background predicted by the SM. An observed (expected) upper limit on the signal strength of 3.4 (2.2) times the SM prediction is obtained at 95% confidence level. The tt̄H signal strength, represented by the ratio of the measured tt̄H cross-section to the SM prediction, is found to be μ = 1.5 ± 1.1 for a Higgs boson mass of m_H = 125 GeV. A measurement of the top quark pair (tt̄) production cross-section was performed using 3.2 fb⁻¹ of pp collision data at √s = 13 TeV. The measurement uses events with an opposite-charge-sign electron-muon pair and exactly one and two jets originating from b quarks. The inclusive tt̄ production cross-section is measured to be σ_tt̄ = 818 ± 8(stat) ± 27(syst) ± 19(lumi) ± 12(beam) pb, where the uncertainties arise from data statistics, analysis systematic effects, the integrated luminosity and the LHC beam energy. The total relative uncertainty is 4.4%. The result is consistent with the theoretical prediction at the next-to-next-to-leading order accuracy in the strong coupling constant αs of QCD, with the resummation of next-to-next-to-leading logarithmic (NNLL) soft gluon terms. A fiducial cross-section corresponding to the experimental acceptance of leptons is also measured.
2

Search for the production of a Higgs boson decaying into a pair of bottom quarks in association with a pair of top quarks at 13 TeV with the ATLAS detector

Nechansky, Filip 12 July 2021 (has links)
Die Entdeckung des Higgs-Bosons im Jahr 2012 bestätigt das Standardmodell als die erfolgreichste Theorie, die die grundlegenden Wechselwirkungen von Elementarteilchen beschreibt. Eine der wichtigen Eigenschaften des Higgs-Bosons ist seine Yukawa-Kopplung an das Top-Quark, die aufgrund der hohen Masse des Quarks im Standardmodell am stärksten ist. Diese Arbeit berichtet über eine Messung der Top-Yukawa-Kopplung mit Daten, die vom ATLAS-Detektor von 2015 bis 2018 bei einem Massenschwerpunkt von 13 TeV aufgezeichnet wurden. Die Kopplung wird in ttH(bb)-Ereignissen untersucht, einem Endzustand, der die Zerfälls-produkte von zwei Top-Quarks enthält und in dem zusätzlich ein Higgs-Boson emittiert wird, welches in Bottom-Quark-Paar zerfällt. Dieser Zerfallskanal des Higgs-Bosons hat das größte Verzweigungsverhältnis, wird jedoch durch die Beschreibung des dominanten Untergrundprozesses ttbb, ein Top-Quark-Paar mit zwei zusätzlichen b-Quarks im Endzustand systematisch beschränkt. Die Messung nutzt die Fähigkeit des ATLAS-Detektors, Jets von einem b-Quark zu identifizieren, um Analysebereiche mit verschiedenen Zusammensetzungen von Signal und Untergrund zu konstruieren. Um das Signal weiter zu separieren, wird eine Reihe von multivariaten Algorithmen verwendet und der ttH-Prozess wird unter Verwendung eines Profile-Likelihood-Fits extrahiert. Die Ergebnisse werden für den Kanal mit einem einzelnen Lepton im Endzustand und für eine Kombination mit dem Dilepton-Kanal gezeigt. Die Untergrundgenauigkeit wird im Detail untersucht, wobei große Fehlmodellierungen festgestellt werden. Das gemessene Verhältnis der ttH-Produktion zur Standardmodell-Vorhersage beträgt mu(ttH) = 0,84+0,45- 0,39 (syst.) +-0,21 (stat.). Das Ergebnis stimmt mit der Vorhersage des Standardmodells überein und entspricht einer beobachteten (erwarteten) Signifikanz von 1,9 sigma (2,3 sigma), eine Verbesserung gegenüber der vorherigen ATLAS-Messung, bei der eine Signifikanz von 1,4sigma (1,6 sigma) ermittelt wurden. / The discovery of the Higgs Boson in 2012 confirms the Standard Model as the most successful theory describing the fundamental interactions of elemental particles. One of the important properties of the Higgs boson is its Yukawa coupling to the top quark, which in the Standard Model is the strongest due to the high mass of the quark. This thesis reports on a measurement of the top-Yukawa coupling with data collected by the ATLAS detector from 2015 to 2018 at 13 TeV center of mass energy. The coupling is studied in ttH(bb) events, a final state containing decay products of two top quarks with additional emission of a Higgs boson, where the Higgs decays into a pair of bottom quarks. This decay channel of the Higgs Boson has the largest branching ratio, but is systematically limited by the description of the dominant background process ttbb, a tt with additional two b quarks in the final state. The measurement takes advantage of the ability of the ATLAS detector to identify jets coming from a b quarks to construct analysis regions with various compositions of the signal and the background. To further separate the signal, a series of multivariate algorithms is employed and the ttH process is then extracted using a profile likelihood fit. The results are shown for the channel with a single lepton in the final state and for a combination with the dilepton channel. The background performance is studied in detail, where large mis-modeling is found. The measured ratio of the ttH production compared to the Standard Model prediction is found to be mu(ttH) = 0.84 +0.45 -0.39 (syst.) +-0.21 (stat.). The result is in agreement with the Standard Model prediction and corresponds to an observed (expected) significance of 1.9 sigma (2.3 sigma), an improvement compared to the previous ATLAS measurement which reported 1.4 sigma (1.6 sigma).
3

Etude du couplage du quark top au boson de Higgs dans l'expérience ATLAS / Evidence for the associated production of ttH with the ATLAS detector

Chomont, Arthur 29 September 2017 (has links)
La découverte du boson de Higgs au LHC en 2012 est la plus récente confirmation de la validité du modèle standard, théorie décrivant les particules élémentaires et leurs interactions fondamentales. De nombreuses études ont été mises en place pour étudier les différentes caractéristiques de cette particule récemment découverte. Ce travail se concentre sur la recherche du processus ttH dans l’expérience ATLAS, pour réaliser une première mesure directe du couplage de Yukawa du boson de Higgs au quark top, paramètre important dans les modèles de physique au-delà du modèle standard. La première partie de ce travail a porté sur l’automatisation de l’étalonnage du calorimètre hadronique à tuiles du détecteur ATLAS (TileCal ) par un système laser. Une description de ce système qui permet un étalonnage régulier de toutes les cellules du calorimètre est tout d’abord présentée. Ensuite, l’algorithme d’automatisation de ce processus d’étalonnage, qui a été écrit lors de ce travail, est décrit. Le but final de cet algorithme est de faciliter et accélérer la correction des canaux dont le gain dérive. Une deuxième partie concerne la recherche du processus ttH par l’étude des états finals multi-leptons et particulièrement avec deux leptons de même charge électrique et au moins 4 jets dont 1 étiqueté b. L’estimation des bruits de fond instrumentaux et le traitement statistique réalisé sont décrits en détail dans le document pour deux versions de l’analyse. Une première version correspondant aux données de l’année 2015 et du début 2016, soit une luminosité intégrée de 13.2f b −1 de données, aboutit à une précision insuffisante pour conclure sur la présence du processus ttH. Une deuxième version de l’analyse, optimisée avec l’utilisation d’analyses multivariées sur l’ensemble des données 2015 et 2016, se conclut par une observation du processus ttH lors de la combinaison de l’ensemble des états finals ttH. La signification statistique observée est alors de 4.2σ pour une signification statistique attendue de 3.8σ. Ce résultat est donc en accord avec la prédiction du modèle standard. / Discovery of Higgs boson at LHC in 2012 is the most recent confirmation of the validity of Standard Model, theory describing elementary particles and their interactions. Many analysis now target the extraction of properties of the newly-discovered particle. A direct measurement in the ATLAS experiment of the top Yukawa coupling, one of these properties, is targeted in this work through ttH process. This coupling is of particular interest because of its strong sensitivity to New Physics. The first part of the work is about the automation of the calibration of the hadronic tile calorimeter of the ATLAS detector. A detailed description of the laser system used for a regular calibration of the calorimeter is done as well as of the calibration itself. Then more details on the algorithm written for the automation of the calibration are given. The final goal of this algorithm is to ease and fasten the calibration of channels with gain variation. The second part is dedicated to the search for ttH process through multilepton final states with emphasis on final state with two same-sign leptons, at least four jets and at least 1 b-tagged jet. Estimation of reducible backgrounds and statistical treatment of the analysis are detailed. A first version of the analysis with 13.2f b −1 , corresponding to 2015 and mid-2016 LHC data, ends with a final precision too low to extract any conclusion on the tt̄H process. In a second version of the analysis, improvements are made using multivariate analysis and adding more signal regions. The results from the multilepton analysis is combined with results from other ttH analysis, targeting other Higgs decays, to attain a final observed sentivity of 4.2σ. Thus an evidence for ttH production can be claimed from this combination. The final results give good agreement with Standard Model prediction.

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