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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
21

A measurement of spin correlation in top anti-top pairs and a search for top squarks at √s=8 TeV using the ATLAS detector

Neep, Thomas James January 2015 (has links)
The first measurement of the spin correlation strength in pairs of top quarks at √s=8 TeV is presented, using data collected using the ATLAS detector, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 20.3 fb⁻¹. Dileptonically decaying tt^- events are selected with two high-pT leptons and at least two jets, one of which is required to be b-tagged. The azimuthal angle between the two charged leptons, Δφ, is used to measure the degree of spin correlation of top quark pairs. The extracted value of fSM, which is a measure of the spin-correlation strength, is fSM=1.20 ± 0.14. This is the most precise spin-correlation measurement to date. Using the Δφ distribution, a search for Supersymmetric top squarks is performed, with the assumption that the top squarks decay to a top quark and a neutralino. No excess of events is observed and top squarks with masses between the top quark mass and 191 GeV are excluded at 95% confidence level, extending previous limits.
22

Search for the Standard Model Higgs boson produced in association with a pair of top quarks and decaying into a bb-pair in the single lepton channel at √s = 13 TeV with the ATLAS experiment at the LHC

Mantoani, Matteo 28 June 2017 (has links)
No description available.
23

Search for pair production of scalar top quarks in jets and missing transverse energy channel with the D0 detector

Shamim, Mansoora January 1900 (has links)
Doctor of Philosophy / Department of Physics / Timothy A. Bolton / This dissertation describes a search for the pair production of scalar top quarks, tilde[subscript] 1, using a luminosity of 995 pb[superscript-1] of data collected in p[bar over]p collisions with the D0 detector at the Fermilab Tevatron Collider at a center-of-mass energy sqrt[s] = 1.96 TeV. Both scalar top quarks are assumed to decay into a charm quark and a neutralino, [tilde chi superscript 0 subscript 1]where [(tilde chi superscript 0 subscript 1)]is the lightest supersymmetric particle. This leads to a final state with two acoplanar charm jets and missing transverse energy. The yield of such events in data is found to be consistent with the expectations from known standard model processes. Sets of tilde [subscript 1] and tilde chi [superscript 0 subscript 1] masses are excluded at the 95% confidence level that substantially extend the domain excluded by previous searches. With the theoretical uncertainty on the pair production cross section taken into account, the largest limit for m[subscript tilde subscript 1] is m[subscript tilde chi subscript 1> 150 GeV, for m [subscript tilde chi negative 0 subscript 1]= 65 GeV.
24

Observation of spin correlations in tt̄ events at √s = 7 TeV using the ATLAS detector

Howarth, James William January 2014 (has links)
This thesis presents measurements of the the spin correlation strength in top anti-top quark pair production at the LHC using the ATLAS detector. The data used corresponds to 4.6 fb−1 of integrated luminosity taken during 2011 at the LHC at a center of mass energy of 7 TeV. The spin correlation is studied utilising different observables with different sensitivities to the production mechanism, in particular to gluon-gluon fusion in the like or unlike helicity state, quark anti- quark annihilation in the unlike helicity state, or a combination of the three. In addition cuts are made on the invariant mass of the ttbar system to enhance or suppress contributions from different initial state production mechanisms. The analysis presented is a precision test of both ttbar production and decay in the SM. These measurements are compared to the most current theoretical predictions. No deviation from the SM expectation was observed. In a subset of the data, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 2.1 fb−1, the hypothesis of zero spin correlation is excluded at 5.1 standard deviations.
25

Probing the Higgs coupling to the top quark at the LHC in the CMS experiment / Etude du couplage du boson de Higgs au quark top au LHC dans l'expérience CMS

Strebler, Thomas 22 September 2017 (has links)
Cette thèse présente une étude de la production associée du boson de Higgs en association avec des quarks tops, suivie d’une désintégration du boson de Higgs en leptons tau, dans des collisions proton-proton (pp) à une énergie dans le centre de masse de sqrt(s) = 13 TeV enregistrées avec le détecteur CMS au Grand collisionneur de hadrons (LHC) du CERN.Ce travail s’inscrit dans le contexte du Run 2 du LHC, marqué par une augmentation de l’énergie dans le centre de masse de 8 à 13 TeV accompagnée d’une augmentation de la luminosité instantanée des collisions par rapport au Run 1. Pour faire face à ces nouvelles conditions de prise de données, CMS a entrepris une amélioration complète du système de déclenchement de niveau 1 accomplie avant 2016. Ce nouveau système et en particulier le nouvel algorithme électron et photon de niveau 1 ont contribué avec succès à un grand nombre de résultats CMS basés sur les données du Run 2. La mise en service de ce nouveau système ainsi que ces performances mesurées dans les premières données collectées par ce nouveau système de déclenchement sont présentées en détails.Une technique d’analyse novatrice basée sur la Méthode des Éléments de Matrice optimisée pour la recherche du processus ttH, H->tautau est également présentée, ainsi que plusieurs outils génériques pouvant âtre utilisés dans une large variété d’analyses H->tautau. Les résultats de l’analyse CMS utilisant cette méthode basés sur 35.9 fb-1 collectés en 2016 sont présentés. L’hypothèse "bruit de fond seul" est défavorisée mais n’est pas encore exclue par cette analyse à elle seule. / This thesis reports a study of the Higgs boson production in association with top quarks and decaying into τ leptons in proton-proton (pp) collisions at a center-of-mass energy of sqrt(s) = 13 TeV recorded with the CMS detector at the CERN Large Hadron Collider (LHC).This work has been carried out in the context of the Run 2 of the LHC, marked by an increase in the center-of-mass energy from 8 to 13 TeV together with an increase in the instantaneous luminosity of the collisions with respect to Run 1. To cope with this new data-taking conditions, CMS had initiated a full upgrade of the Level-1 trigger system achieved by 2016. This new system and in particular the new Level-1 electron and photon algorithm have successfully contributed to a large number of CMS results using Run 2 data. The commissioning of this new system and its performance measured with the first data collected with this new trigger are presented in details.A novel analysis technique based on the Matrix Element Method optimized for the search of the ttH, H->tautau process is also presented, including several generic tools which can be used in a large variety of H->tautau analyses. Results of the CMS analysis using this method based on 35.9 fb-1 collected in 2016 are presented. The background-only hypothesis is disfavored but not yet excluded by this analysis alone.
26

Measurement of s-channel single top-quark production with the ATLAS detector using total event likelihoods

Rieck, Patrick 21 September 2016 (has links)
Es wird eine Messung der s-Kanal Einzel Top-Quark Produktion in Proton-Proton Kollisionen bei einer Schwerpunktsenergie von 8 TeV vorgestellt. Der verwendete Datensatz wurde mit dem ATLAS Detektor am LHC aufgenommen und entspricht einer integrierten Luminosität von 20.3 inversen Femtobarn. Kollisionsereignisse werden selektiert, sodass der resultierende Anteil der Signalereignisse relativ hoch ist. Selektierte Ereignisse enthalten ein isoliertes Elektron oder Myon, fehlenden Transversalimpuls und zwei Jets, die durch b-Quarks induziert wurden. Alle Objekte haben hohe transversalimpulse. Auch nach dieser Selektion überwiegen Untergrundprozesse, insbesondere die Paarproduktion von Top-Quarks und die Produktion von W-Bosonen begleitet von Jets. Um den Signalprozess weiter von den Untergründen zu trennen, werden mehrere Wahrscheinlichkeitsdichten näherungsweise berechnet. Sie unterscheiden sich hinsichtlich der Annahme des zugrundeliegenden Streuprozesses. Zusammen ergeben sie eine Funktion der gemessenen Impulse, mit deren Hilfe das Signal weiter von den Untergründen getrennt werden kann. Ein statistisches Modell der entsprechenden Verteilung wird an die Messdaten angepasst. Diese Messung ergibt eine Signifikanz des Signalprozesses von 3.4 Standardabweichungen und einen totalen Wirkungsquerschnitt von 5.3^+1.8_-1.6 Pikobarn. Dies ist die erste signifikante Messung der s-Kanal Einzel Top-Quark Produktion in Proton-Proton Kollisionen. Die Ergebnisse stimmen mit der Vorhersage des Standardmodells überein. / A measurement of s-channel single top-quark production in proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 8 TeV is presented. The data set has been recorded with the ATLAS detector at the LHC and corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 20.3 inverse femtobarn. Collision events are selected so that a subset of the data is obtained where the signal fraction is relatively high. Selected events contain one isolated electron or muon, missing transverse momentum and 2 jets, both of which are induced by b-quarks. All of these objects have large transverse momenta. The resulting set of events is still dominated by background processes, most notably top-quark pair production and the production of W bosons in association with jets. In order to further separate the signal from the backgrounds, several approximate event likelihoods are computed. They are based on different hypotheses regarding the scattering process at hand. Together they result in a function of the measured momenta which allows for the desired separation of the signal process. A statistical model of the corresponding distribution is used in a fit to the measured data. The fit results in a signal significance of 3.4 standard deviations and a total cross section of 5.3^+1.8_-1.6 picobarn. This is the first evidence for s-channel single top-quark production in proton-proton collisions. The results agree with the standard model prediction.
27

A search for massive resonances decaying to top quark pairs and jet trigger performance studies with the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider

Fajardo, Luz Stella Gomez 17 July 2014 (has links)
Diese Arbeit behandelt die Suche nach neuen Teilchen, die in Top-Quark-Paare zerfallen (t¯t). Die Analyse beruht auf Daten des ATLAS-Experiments von Proton- Proton-Kollisionen am LHC bei einer Schwerpunktsenergie von p s = 7 TeV und einer Gesamtluminosität von 2.05 fb−1. Hierzu wird der Lepton+Jets Endzustand im t¯t ! WbWb Zerfallskanal verwendet, worin ein W-Boson leptonisch und das andere hadronisch zerfällt. Das t¯t -Ereignis wird sowohl in aufgelösten als auch geboosteten Zerfallstopologien rekonstruiert. Zum ersten Mal werden die Korrelationen beider Kanäle in Form einer dritten Kategorie nutzbar gemacht, welche aus Ereignissen besteht, die in beiden Topologien selektiert wurden. Die Sensitivität der Analyse wird hierdurch erhöht. Obere Schranken bei 95% Vertrauensniveau auf den Wirkungsquerschnitt multipliziert mit der Zerfallsbreite für massive Zustände großer und kleiner Zerfallsbreite werden berechnet. Diese werden aus der Kombination der beiden Ansätze der t¯t -Rekonstruktion gewonnen. Für die Z0-Resonanz kleiner Breite reicht die beobachtete (erwartete) obere Grenze auf den Wirkungsquerschnitt von 4.85 (4.81) pb, für eine Masse von 0.6 TeV, bis 0.21 (0.13) pb, für eine Masse von 2 TeV. Eine schmale leptophobische Topcolor-Z0-Resonanzen mit einer Masse unterhalb von 1.3 TeV kann ausgeschlossen werden. Weiterhin konnten beobachtete (erwartete) obere Grenzen auch für eine breite Farboktett-Resonanz berechnet werden. Diese liegen zwischen 2.52 (2.59) pb und 0.37 (0.27) pb für Massen von 0.7 TeV bzw. 2 TeV. Breite Kaluza-Klein-Gluon-Resonanzen mit einer Masse unter 1.65 TeV können ausgeschlossen werden. / This thesis presents the search for new particles that decay into top quark pairs (t¯t). The analysis is performed with the ATLAS experiment at the LHC, using an integrated luminosity of 2.05 fb−1 of proton–proton collision data, collected at a center-of-mass energy of p s = 7 TeV. The lepton plus jets final state is used in the t¯t ! WbWb decay, where one W boson decays leptonically and the other hadronically. The t¯t system is reconstructed using both resolved and boosted topologies of the top-quark decay. For the first time, correlations between the two search channels have been employed by creating a third channel with the events selected by both analyses. The sensitivity to new physics phenomena is thereby improved. Upper limits are derived on the production cross-section times branching ratio for narrow and wide massive states, at the 95 % confidence level. These are extracted by combining the two approaches of the t¯t reconstruction. For a narrow Z0 resonance, the observed (expected) upper limits range from 4.85 (4.81) pb for a mass of 0.6 TeV, to 0.21 (0.13) pb for a mass of 2 TeV. A narrow leptophobic topcolor Z0 resonance with a mass below 1.3 TeV is excluded. Observed (expected) limits are also derived for a broad color-octet resonance. They vary between 2.52 (2.59) pb and 0.37 (0.27) pb for a mass of 0.7 TeV and 2 TeV, respectively. The wide Kaluza-Klein gluon with a mass below 1.65 TeV is excluded. Another aspect of this thesis are performance studies of the level-1 jet trigger. Trigger efficiencies have been measured, using data collected by the ATLAS detector in 2010 at p s = 7 TeV. The turn-on curves obtained for a variety of jet triggers, showed good agreement between data and simulation in the plateau region. The efficiency results were used at the first stage of analyses for multi-jet cross-section measurements.
28

From luminosity to cross-section measurements / Inclusive measurement of the ttbar cross-section using proton-proton collisions at √s =13.6 TeV with the ATLAS detector

Hügli, Cédrine 12 February 2025 (has links)
Die Messung des inklusiven ttbar-Wirkungsquerschnitts bei 13.6 TeV wird anhand von 29 fb⁻¹ an Daten des ATLAS-Detektors am LHC aus dem Jahr 2022 präsentiert. Für diese Messung sind das Zählen der Ereignisse und die genaue Bestimmung der Luminosität erforderlich, wobei die Luminositätsunsicherheit die größte Unsicherheitsquelle darstellt. Die Luminositätsbestimmung erfolgt nach dem etablierten Verfahren aus Run 2 in drei Schritten: absolute Kalibrierung mit van der Meer Scans, Transfer dieser Kalibrierung auf die physikalischen Datenaufnahmebedingungen und Stabilitätsüberprüfung. Die vorläufige Luminositätsunsicherheit für 2022 beträgt 2.2 %, hauptsächlich bedingt durch den Kalibrierungstransfer und Nicht-Faktorisierbarkeits-Effekte. Der ttbar-Wirkungsquerschnitt wird mit der b-Jet-Zählmethode im Dilepton-Endzustand gemessen und ergibt sigma(ttbar) = 850 ± 3 (stat.) ± 18 (syst.) ± 20 (lumi.) pb, was 1.5 Sigma unter der Standardmodellvorhersage liegt. Das Verhältnis der Z-Produktion zum ttbar-Wirkungsquerschnitt, sensitiv auf das Gluon-zu-Quark-PDF-Verhältnis, beträgt R(ttbar/Z) = 1.145 ± 0.003 (stat.) ± 0.021 (syst.) ± 0.002 (lumi.) und stimmt mit dem Standardmodell überein. Zusätzlich wird das Verhältnis des Wirkungsquerschnitts bei 13.6 TeV zu 13 TeV gemessen: R(13.6/13) = 1.0253 ± 0.0347, 2.4 Sigma von der Vorhersage entfernt. Diese Ergebnisse unterstützen das Standardmodell und unterstreichen die Bedeutung präziser Luminositäts- und Wirkungsquerschnittsmessungen in der Teilchenphysik. / The inclusive ttbar cross-section measurement at 13.6 TeV, based on 29 fb⁻¹ of data recorded by ATLAS at the LHC in 2022, is presented. This measurement requires event counting and accurate luminosity determination, with luminosity uncertainty as the largest source of error. The luminosity calibration follows the established Run 2 procedure, involving three stages: absolute calibration via van der Meer scans, calibration transfer from specific scan conditions to physics data-taking conditions, and stability checks. The preliminary luminosity uncertainty for 2022 is 2.2%, mainly due to calibration transfer and non-factorisation effects. The ttbar cross-section is measured using b-jet counting in the dilepton final state, yielding sigma(ttbar) = 850 ± 3 (stat.) ± 18 (syst.) ± 20 (lumi.) pb, which is 1.5 sigma below the Standard Model prediction. The ratio of Z production to the ttbar cross-section, sensitive to the gluon-to-quark PDF ratio, is R(ttbar/Z) = 1.145 ± 0.003 (stat.) ± 0.021 (syst.) ± 0.002 (lumi.), consistent with the Standard Model. Additionally, the cross-section ratio between 13.6 TeV and 13 TeV is R(13.6/13) = 1.0253 ± 0.0347, 2.4 sigma from the predicted value. These results support the Standard Model and emphasize the importance of precise luminosity and cross-section measurements in particle physics.
29

Cross-section measurements of top-quark pair production in association with a hard photon at 13 TeV with the ATLAS detector

Zoch, Knut 06 July 2020 (has links)
No description available.
30

A top quark mass measurement using a matrix element method

Linacre, Jacob Thomas January 2010 (has links)
A measurement of the mass of the top quark is presented, using top-antitop pair (t-tbar) candidate events for the lepton+jets decay channel. The measurement makes use of Tevatron proton-antiproton collision data at centre-of-mass energy 1.96 TeV, collected at the CDF detector. The top quark mass is measured by employing an unbinned maximum likelihood method where the event probability density functions are calculated using signal (t-tbar) and background (W+jets) matrix elements, as well as a set of parameterised jet-to-parton mapping functions. The likelihood function is maximised with respect to the top quark mass, the fraction of signal events, and a correction to the jet energy scale (JES) of the calorimeter jets. The simultaneous measurement of the JES correction (ΔJES) provides an in situ jet energy calibration based on the known mass of the hadronically decaying W boson. Using 578 lepton+jets candidate events corresponding to 3.2 inverse femtobarns of integrated luminosity, the top quark mass is measured to be 172.4 ± 1.4(stat+ΔJES) ± 1.3(syst) GeV/c², one of the most precise single measurements to date.

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