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Optimalizace obnovy vozového parku menší stavební firmy / The optimalization of the renewal of vehicle park for a smaller building companyPítr, Vítězslav January 2010 (has links)
The main goal of this degree work is the application of methods of multiple criterion assessment of options for the choice of new vehicles. I have used three methods with cardinal information in this degree work. It is possible to classify these methods according to a calculation procedure, which is used for finding a compromise option. I have chosen the method of weighted sum based on the principle of the benefit maximilization, the method TOPSIS based on the distance minimalization from the ideal option, and the method ELECTRE III based on the preferential relation. I have used these methods for determination of the compromise option for the purchase of new vehicles. I have compared vehicle running costs and purchase costs with current costs delivered from a building company and then I have determinated an annual saving of costs. At the end of this degree work I have given renewal models which I have determined through the optimal method in the case of the renewal of worn-out equipment. I have analysed the problem from more views, from the view of the multiple criterion assessment of options, then from the costs view and finally from the view of renewal models.
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Multiple Attributes Group Decision Making by Type-2 Fuzzy Sets and SystemsJaffal, Hussein, Tao, Cheng January 2011 (has links)
We are living in a world full of uncertainty and ambiguity. We usually ask ourselves questions that we are uncertain about their answers. Is it going to rain tomorrow? What will be the exchange rate of euro next month? Why, where and how should I invest? Type-1 Fuzzy sets are characterized by the membership function whose value for a given element x is said to be the grade of membership having a value in the interval [0, 1]. In addition, type-1 fuzzy sets have limited capabilities to deal with uncertainty. In our thesis, we study another concept of a fuzzy description of uncertainty which is called Type-2 fuzzy sets. According to this concept, for any given element x, we can’t speak of an unambiguously specified value of the membership function. Moreover, Type-2 fuzzy sets constitute a powerful tool for handling uncertainty. The aim of our thesis is to examine the potential of the Type-2 fuzzy sets especially in decision making. So, we present basic definitions concerning Type-2 fuzzy sets, and operations on these sets are to be discussed too. Then, Type-2 fuzzy relations and methods of transformation of Type-2 fuzzy sets will be introduced. Also, the theory of Type-2 Fuzzy sets will serve for the construction of the fuzzy inference system. Finally, we utilize interval type-2 fuzzy sets in the application of Multiple Attributes Group Decision Making which is called TOPSIS.
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Revers?o de ordem no m?todo Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution - TOPSISAires, Renan Felinto de Farias 29 September 2017 (has links)
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Previous issue date: 2017-09-29 / Durante as ?ltimas d?cadas, v?rios m?todos de Apoio Multicrit?rio ? Decis?o (MCDM) t?m
sido utilizados para auxiliar decisores na sele??o de melhores alternativas para problemas
de decis?o diversos. Dentre eles, o Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal
Solution (TOPSIS) ? um dos mais utilizados. Apesar da sua grande difus?o, este tem
sido criticado devido ? ocorr?ncia de um problema chamado rank reversal (revers?o de
ordena??o), que, em sua mais conhecida denomina??o, se refere ? mudan?a na ordena??o
de um grupo de alternativas anteriormente ordenadas ap?s uma alternativa irrelevante ter
sido adicionada ou exclu?da desse grupo. Apesar da quantidade significativa de estudos
sobre este problema para os m?todos MCDM, tem-se que a an?lise desse problema para o
TOPSIS ainda ? feita de forma superficial, sem um estudo criterioso acerca das causas e
condi??es de ocorr?ncia, bem como marcada por proposi??es de modelos inadequados. Por
conta disso, o objetivo desse estudo foi propor uma extens?o do m?todo TOPSIS para
minimizar a revers?o de ordena??o. Para isso, foi realizada uma pesquisa experimental a
partir de simula??es computacionais geradas aleatoriamente com base em quatro situa??es
de revers?o selecionados na literatura. Nos casos de ambas as problem?ticas investigadas,
de escolha e de ordena??o, foram analisados os efeitos da normaliza??o utilizada e dos
limiares de indiferen?a. Adicionalmente, os casos da problem?tica de escolha tamb?m foram
analisados a partir da regress?o log?stica, no intuito de estimar as condi??es em que h? uma
maior probabilidade de ocorr?ncia de revers?o de ordena??o. Com base nos experimentos
e na an?lise dos modelos da literatura, foi proposta uma extens?o do TOPSIS. O modelo
proposto ? baseado na defini??o de um conjunto de valores intitulado de Dom?nio, que
representa os valores limites de cada crit?rio na matriz de decis?o no intuito de ultrapassar
os inconvenientes do TOPSIS. Para a valida??o da proposta, foi realizada uma aplica??o
num?rica para a problem?tica de sele??o de estudantes e concluiu-se que o modelo proposto
? robusto por, simultaneamente, evitar a ocorr?ncia da revers?o de ordena??o e apresentar
uma boa capacidade discriminat?ria. / During the last decades, various multi-criteria decision-making methods (MCDM) have
been used to assist decision makers in selecting the best alternatives for many decision
problems. Among them, the Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution
(TOPSIS) is one of the most used. Despite its wide dissemination, it has been criticized
due to the occurrence of a problem called rank reversal, which in its most known meaning
refers to the change in the ordering of a group of previously ordered alternatives after an
irrelevant alternative has been added or removed from this group. Despite the significant
amount of research on this problem for MCDM methods, it has been superficially analyzed
in the case of TOPSIS, without a careful study on the occurrence causes and conditions,
as well as marked by propositions inadequate models. Therefore, the aim of this study was
to propose an extension of the TOPSIS method to minimize rank reversal. For this, it was
realized an experimental research through computer simulations randomly generated based
on four reversal situations selected in the literature. In the cases of the both problems types
investigated, of choice and rank, the effects of the normalization used and the indifference
thresholds were analyzed. In addition, the cases of the problem of choice were also analyzed
from the logistic regression, in order to estimate the conditions in which there is a greater
probability of occurrence of rank reversal. Based on the experiments and analysis of the
literature models, an extension of TOPSIS was proposed. The proposed model is based on
the definition of a set of values called Domain, which represents the limit values of each
criterion in the decision matrix in order to overcome the drawbacks of TOPSIS. For the
validation of the proposal, a numerical application was made for the problem of student
selection and it was concluded that the proposed model is robust because it simultaneously
prevents the occurrence of ranking reversal and presents a good discriminatory capacity.
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Mesure de l'innovativité et facteurs d'adoption des innovations Web : le cas des Organismes de Gestion de Destination (OGD) français / Measuring the Innovativeness and Factors of ICT Adoption : The Case of French DMOZaman, Mustafeed Al Ridwaan 05 July 2018 (has links)
Le développement des TIC et les innovations numériques qui en découlent ont radicalement changé le comportement des consommateurs. Les organisations s’adaptent à ces changements en transformant leurs pratiques. L’objet de cette recherche est l’innovativité Web comprise comme la capacité des organisations à adopter les innovations Web. La recherche interroge les pratiques d’adaptation des organisations en faveur du numérique : Comment piloter le changement numérique dans les organisations ? Le champ de recherche porte sur les Organismes de Gestion de Destination Touristique (OGD) qui ont la responsabilité du management du tourisme sur leur territoire de compétence. Cette thèse s’articule en deux parties. La première partie se focalise sur la mesure de l’innovativité des sites Web des OGD. Une grille d’analyse de l’innovativité est proposée et les méthodes de l’Aide Multi-Critères à la Décision (AMCD) sont employées afin d’évaluer la performance relative des sites Web de 30 OGD français. La logique du benchmarking est adoptée. Les résultats hétérogènes de cette approche quantitative nous poussent à chercher dans un second temps les facteurs explicatifs de l’innovativité. Pourquoi certains OGD sont-ils plus innovants que d’autres ? Quels sont les facteurs qui facilitent l’adoption des innovations Web par les OGD ? A cet égard, notre seconde partie traite des facteurs d’adoption des innovations Web dans les organisations. Une analogie entre PME et OGD est proposé afin d’identifier théoriquement les facteurs d’adoption des innovations Web. La méthodologie de recherche retenue pour cette seconde partie est de nature exploratoire et qualitative et correspond à un positionnement épistémologique de type interprétativiste. Des entretiens semi-directifs sont menés auprès d’experts en Management du Tourisme et l’étude du cas d’un OGD particulier permet de comprendre en profondeur le pilotage du changement numérique dans les organisations. Cette thèse en sciences de gestion s’inscrit en Management du Tourisme et présente des apports théoriques, méthodologiques et managériaux. Nous proposons un cadre théorique d’analyse de l’innovation Web et nous proposons une méthodologie robuste pour l’opérationnaliser. Cette méthodologie utilise les nombres flous, encore peu employés dans les sciences de gestion et pourtant porteurs de sens lors d’évaluations utilisant des échelles linguistiques. Les résultats de cette approche quantitative sont autant de perspectives d’amélioration des pratiques par les responsables d’OGD. Enfin, nous étudions le pilotage du changement dans les OGD en identifiant les facteurs d’adoption des innovations Web. / The development of ICT has radically changed the customer behaviour and their decision making process. Therefore, the organisations/companies should adapt themselves to these changes by transforming their practices. This thesis has two parts. In the first part, we explore the website-service innovativeness of 30 French DMO websites. An empirical approach is used to establish a structured framework of six evaluation criteria for website’s innovativeness. Fuzzy logic is employed in order to objectively evaluate the service-innovativeness and overall e-service quality of the DMO websites by using the linguistic variables. The TOPSIS method enables a comparison of the relative rankings of DMO websites, and also facilitates an objective metric as a benchmark to compare innovativeness overtime. The heterogeneous results oblige us to conduct an exploratory study in order to understand the reason behind this ranking. In this regard, in the 2nd part, we have focused on the factors of ICT adoption. Semi-structured interviews have been done with the tourism experts in order to understand the factors that facilitate the ICT adoption by the French DMO. Finally, we present the case of one of our benchmarks (Bordeaux Tourist Office) in order to illustrate the ICT adoption process.
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Prostorová analýza pro účely optimalizace zadání studentských prací z kartografie / Spatial analysis for optimization of student assignments in cartographyFenclová, Karolína January 2018 (has links)
Spatial analysis for optimization of student assignments in cartography Abstract The aim of the diploma thesis is to perform a multi-criteria analysis of large spatial data, which will result in the identification of a predetermined number of the variants of the territory, which are optimal for creating the student assignments. The main part of the thesis is to design and to calculate the spatial evaluation criteria. In the theoretical part, a theory of multi-criteria analysis and examples of its use in general in geoinformatics and assessment of landscape potential are presented. The practical part is devoted to the design of own methodology for assessment of the territory from the point of view of suitability for processing of student tasks, including its application over the territory of the Czechia in order to obtain information about the territory. Multi-criteria analysis was divided into two steps: pre-selection of the territory based on Boolean evaluation and subsequent sorting of the variants from the most suitable to the least appropriate using the TOPSIS method. The scales of the individual criteria were determined by the scoring method. The main result of the thesis is a new set of the variants of the territory, which are comparable with their processing demands. Keywords Spatial analysis,...
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Multi-Criteria Evaluation in Support of the Decision-Making Process in Highway Construction Projectsjia, jianmin 31 March 2017 (has links)
The decision-making process in highway construction projects identifies and selects the optimal alternative based on the user requirements and evaluation criteria. The current practice of the decision-making process does not consider all construction impacts in an integrated decision-making process. This dissertation developed a multi-criteria evaluation framework to support the decision-making process in highway construction projects. In addition to the construction cost and mobility impacts, reliability, safety, and emission impacts are assessed at different evaluation levels and used as inputs to the decision-making process.
Two levels of analysis, referred to as the planning level and operation level, are proposed in this research to provide input to a Multi-Criteria Decision-Making (MCDM) process that considers user prioritization of the assessed criteria. The planning level analysis provides faster and less detailed assessments of the inputs to the MCDM utilizing analytical tools, mainly in a spreadsheet format. The second level of analysis produces more detailed inputs to the MCDM and utilizes a combination of mesoscopic simulation-based dynamic traffic assignment tool, and microscopic simulation tool, combined with other utilities.
The outputs generated from the two levels of analysis are used as inputs to a decision-making process based on present worth analysis and the Fuzzy TOPSIS (Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Situation) MCDM method and the results are compared.
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Využití teorie fuzzy množin a jejich rozšíření v metodě TOPSIS / The use of the fuzzy set theory and their extensions in the TOPSIS methodPokorný, Tomáš January 2016 (has links)
This master's thesis deals with extensions of TOPSIS method, which is one of methods for multi-criteria evaluation of alternatives. These extensions use theory of fuzzy sets (FS) and their futher extensions to interval-valued (IVFS), intuitionistic (IFS) and hesitant (HFS) fuzzy sets and their combinations (IVIFS, IVIHFS). Significant part of this thesis explains the principle of fuzzy sets and their generalizations. Descriptions of operators for aggregations of grades of membership has very important role here. Next, very short description of multi-criteria evaluation problems and detailed description of TOPSIS method are contained. The second half of this thesis is dedicated to four existing extensions of TOPSIS metod that uses theories of FS, IVFS, IVIFS and IVIHFS. Every method is illustrated with an example that shows principle of calculations. It illustrates new possibilities of the methods that use new sets theories and potential complications and deviations from the original TOPSIS method. At the end of this thesis, evaluation of usefulness of used approaches is mentioned.
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Vícekriteriální analýza indexu lidského rozvoje / Multicriteria analysis of the Human Development IndexJanů, Jakub January 2014 (has links)
Diploma thesis describes the problem of quantitative expression of the quality of life. For this purpose is used one of the most widespread indicators of quality of life - Human Development Index. This paper describes its basic characteristics, method of calculation, its advantages and drawbacks. One of the objectives of this paper is the elimination of these shortcomings by alternative method of calculation. The methods of multi-criteria evaluation of alternatives and data envelopment analysis models are applied for these purposes. One part of this paper is a theoretical description of the tasks of multi-criteria decision making and their classification into the methods for multi-criteria evaluation of alternatives and into the methods of multi-criteria linear programming. In this paper are used methods WSA, TOPSIS and PROMETHEE, based on the definition of the theoretical characteristics of the methods of multi-criteria evaluation of alternatives. These methods are applied on the source data, obtained from a model of the human development index. After calculation, the results obtained are analyzed and written into the conclusion. Another alternative approach to obtain the level of human development is to evaluate the degree of efficiency of countries using data envelopment analysis models in comparison with the human development index. For these purposes is written the theoretical background, which defines the basic types of data envelopment analysis models. These theoretical findings serve as the basis for the practical analysis by the BCC output oriented model and by the corresponding model of super efficiency. The results of these calculations are analyzed and subsequently written into the final conclusion.
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Developing Guidelines for Including Mobility-Based Performance Specifications in Highway Construction ContractsLarson, Shawn J. 17 December 2013 (has links) (PDF)
Construction zones can greatly affect the traffic flow on roadways, especially when lane closures are required. Traditionally, the Utah Department of Transportation (UDOT) has used traffic management specifications that only allow lane closures and road work to be done during predetermined hours or specifications that require a certain number of lanes to be open at all times. Recently, mobility-based work-zone traffic flow maintenance has been considered. This method requires continuous monitoring of mobility-based performance data and a mechanism to send alerts to the contractors when the mobility data does not meet the standards set by the specifications. UDOT recently tested mobility-based performance specifications at an urban arterial work zone and studied issues related to implementation of mobility-based performance specifications. Parallel to this experiment, UDOT funded a study to develop guidelines for implementing mobility-based performance specifications to manage traffic flow in work zones. Dynamically collecting mobility-based data such as travel time and speed is now feasible using technologies such as Bluetooth and microwave sensors. The core benefit of using mobility-based performance specifications is that they can give the contractor more flexibility in construction work scheduling while maintaining an acceptable level of traffic flow. If the level of traffic flow is not maintained, then the contractor is assessed a financial penalty. The penalty is determined by the amount of time where the flow is not maintained at a predetermined condition. To discuss issues and develop guidelines, a task force consisting of UDOT representatives, several representatives from the construction industry, and researchers from Brigham Young University was formed. Through three task force meetings, a set of 12 guidelines were developed, including guidelines about when mobility-based performance specifications should be used and which mobility data should be used. Some of the issues were difficult for the task force members to agree on, and a decision-making theory called the Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) was used to find best approaches to deal with some of the difficult issues associated with the implementation of mobility-based performance specifications in highway construction contracts. These guidelines should be reviewed as appropriate in the future as UDOT accumulates experience in using these types of specifications.
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Navigating COVID-19: Unraveling Supply Chain Disruptions through Best-Worst Method and Fuzzy TOPSISAli, I., Vincent, Charles, Modibbo, U.M., Gherman, T., Gupta, S. 14 June 2023 (has links)
Yes / Purpose - The COVID-19 pandemic has caused significant disruptions to global supply chains (SCs), affecting the production, distribution, and transportation of goods and ser- vices. To mitigate these disruptions, it is essential to identify the barriers that have im- peded the seamless operation of SCs. This study identifies these barriers and assesses their impact on supply chain network (SCN).
Design/methodology/approach - To determine the relative importance of different bar- riers and rank the affected industries, a hybrid approach was employed, combining the best-worst method (BWM) and the technique for order preference by similarity to an ideal solution (TOPSIS). To accommodate the inherent uncertainties associated with the pan- demic, a triangular fuzzy TOPSIS was used to represent the linguistic variable ratings provided by decision-makers.
Findings - The study found that the airlines and hospitality industry was the most affected by the barriers, accounting for 46% of the total, followed by the healthcare industry (23%), the manufacturing industry (19%), and finally the consumer and retail industry (17%). Research limitation/implications - This study is limited to the four critical industries and nine identified barriers. Other industries and barriers may have different weights and rankings. Nevertheless, the findings offer valuable insights for decision-makers in SC management, aiding them in mitigating the impact of COVID-19 on their operations and enhancing their resilience against future disruptions.
Originality/value - This study enhances our understanding of COVID-19’s impact on SCN and provides a framework for assessing disruptions using multi-criteria decision-making processes. The hybrid approach of BWM and TOPSIS in a fuzzy environment is unique and offers potential applicability in various evaluation contexts.
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