The subject of this thesis was to create cycle path geographic information system (GIS) north of Znojmo wine trail. The main goal of the GIS witch informs about parameters of cycle routes and attractions and services. Data collection was carried out in terrain and were obtained necessary data and maps for the creation of GIS. ArcGIS 10.1 from ESRI company was been used for proccesing of data. Couple of outputs from GIS has been created at the end of the work. The user can use GIS data in various programs and on different platforms.

Key words: Prague, Budapest, guidebook, heritage trail, socialist heritage, built heritage Abstract: The thesis focuses on the heritagization of the socialist heritage: how the representation of socialist heritage has changed over years since the emergence of the socialist modernist architecture in East-Central Europe and how the approach towards socialist heritage is currently changing in the wake of the heritagization process. An asymmetrical comparative analysis of Prague and Budapest highlights the similarities and differences in the two cities' history, particularly in the socialist era. The choice of the cities was based on the facts that both cities are historical capitals, and neither Budapest's nor Prague's old town was changed dramatically during the Socialist period. The research deals with the heritagization process of socialist heritage from two angles: it combines analytical and practical aims. The theoretical part of the thesis deals with the heritagization process of socialist heritage, the history of guidebooks and the emergence of heritage trails as important part of the new tourism approach. On the analytical level, the thesis focuses on the visual analysis of the presentation of socialist architecture in guidebooks and the promotion for the socialist heritage before and after the change...

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It is generally recognized that the magnitude of recreation resource impacts should be judged by their severity and spatial qualities, including extent, distribution, and association. Previous investigations, however, have primarily focused on assessing the severity of impacts, with limited examination of spatial qualities. The goal of this dissertation was to expand our understanding of the spatial dimension of recreation resource impacts and their assessment and evaluation. Two empirical data sets collected from a comprehensive recreation impact assessment and monitoring project in Great Smoky Mountains National Park provided the basis for the analyses. Three spatial issues were examined and presented as three papers, designed for journal submission. The purpose of the first paper was to improve our understanding of the dimensional structure and spatial patterns of camping impacts by means of multivariate analyses and mapping. Factor analysis of 195 established campsites on eight impact indicator variables revealed three dimensions of campsite impact: land disturbance, soil and groundcover damage, and tree-related damage. Cluster analysis yielded three distinctive campsite types that characterize both the intensity and areal extent of camping impacts. Spatial patterns and site attributes of these three campsite types and an additional group of primitive campsites were illustrated and discussed. The purpose of the second paper was to examine the influence of sampling interval on the accuracy of selected trail impact indicator estimates for the widely applied systematic point sampling method. A resampling-simulation method was developed and applied. Simulation results indicated that using systematic point sampling for estimating lineal extent of trail impact problems can achieve an excellent level of accuracy at sampling intervals of less than 100 m, and a reasonably good level of accuracy at intervals between 100 and 500 m. The magnitude of accuracy loss could be higher when the directions of loss are not considered. The responses of accuracy loss on frequency of occurrence estimates to increasing sampling intervals were consistent across impact types, approximating an inverse asymptotic curve. These findings suggest that systematic point sampling using an interval of less than 500 m can be an appropriate method for estimating the lineal extent, but not for estimating occurrence of trail impacts. Further investigations are called for to examine the generalizability of these results to other areas. The purpose of the third paper was to expand the scope of indices used for evaluating recreation resource impacts. Two specific objectives were to synthesize the recreation ecology and recreation resource management literature on the use of spatial indicators and indices, and to propose and apply selected spatial indices that are mostly lacking in the literature. Three spatial indices primarily adapted from the geography and ecology literature were proposed for application in recreation impact evaluation. Application results demonstrated that the Lorenz curve and associated Gini coefficient, and the linear nearest-neighbor analysis and associated LR ratio were effective in quantifying the spatial distribution patterns of trail impacts at landscape and trail scales, respectively. Application results of the third index, the impact association index, were less promising and require further refinements. Management implications and future directions of research were discussed in light of the findings of this dissertation. As the field of recreation ecology is emerging, this dissertation has demonstrated: (1) the value of recreation impact assessment and monitoring programs in providing data for examining the spatial dimension of impacts, and (2) the utility of spatial analytical approaches in understanding recreation impact assessment and evaluation. / Ph. D.

Persistent condensation trails are clouds, induced by the exhaust of an aircraft engine in a cold and ice-supersaturated environment. These artificial ice clouds can both cool and heat the atmosphere by scattering solar radiation and absorbing terrestrial radiation, respectively. The influence of condensation trails on the Earth-atmosphere energy balance and therewith the answer to the question of the dominating process had been mostly approximated on a global scale by treating the condensation trail as plane parallel layer with constant optical properties. Individual condensation trails and the influence of the solar angle had been analyzed, always using a course spatial grid and never under consideration of the aircraft performance, generating the condensation trail. For a trajectory optimization, highly precise results of the impact of condensation trails on the radiation budget and the influence of the aircraft performance on this impact is needed, so that future air traffic may consider the main factors of flight performance on the environmental impact of condensation trails. That’s why, a model is developed in this thesis to continuously estimate the scattering and absorption properties and their dependence on the aircraft performance. / Langlebige Kondensstreifen sind Eiswolken, welche durch Kondensation von Wasserdampf an Rußpartikeln in einer eisübersättigten Atmosphäre entstehen. Der Wasserdampf entstammt einerseits aus dem Triebwerkabgas und andererseits aus der Atmosphäre. Kondensstreifen können die Atmosphäre durch Rückstreuung solarer Strahlung kühlen und durch Rückstreuung und Absorption terrestrischer Strahlung erwärmen. Der Einfluss von Kondensstreifen auf den Wärmehaushalt der Atmosphäre und damit die Antwort auf die Frage nach dem dominierenden Effekt wurde bisher zumeist auf globaler Ebene ermittelt, wobei der Kondensstreifen als planparallele Schicht mit konstanten optischen Eigenschaften angenähert wurde. Individuelle Kondensstreifen und der Einfluss des Sonnenstandes wurden bisher nur mithilfe eines groben Rasters betrachtet und niemals unter Berücksichtigung der Flugleistung des Luftfahrzeuges, welches den Kondensstreifen generiert hat. Für eine Trajektorienoptimierung sind jedoch präzise Berechnungen des Strahlungseinflusses und eine gewissenhafte Berücksichtigung der Flugleistung notwendig. Nur so kann der zukünftige Luftverkehr die Haupteinflussfaktoren der Flugeigenschaften auf den Strahlungseinfluss der Kondensstreifen berücksichtigen. Aus diesem Grund wurde in dieser Arbeit ein Modell entwickelt, welches die Eigenschaften des Strahlungstransfers durch den Kondensstreifen kontinuierlich bestimmt und die aus der Flugleistung resultierenden Parameter berücksichtigt.

For a PV plant it is of fundamental importance that the operation of the PV modules is free from faults or at least that the faults can be detected early, to ensure efficient electricity production. Some defects such as cracks can be seen in visible light while microcracks and damage to the silicon material can only be seen through special lighting. This study focuses on the most common defects in photovoltaic (PV) systems. Compare the infrared (IR) technology with the new ultraviolet (UV) fluorescence image technique for PV characterization, based on their accuracy and uncertainty factors under an experimental field investigation. In this study, first a literature study was conducted to the most common defects in PV system and their impact on electricity generation. Then a simulation model of a PV system was created in PVsyst and exported to Microsoft Excel which was used to evaluate how different defects at different stages of the PV cell's life cycle impact electricity generation, performance parameters and economic exchange. Furthermore, experiments with UV and IR was implemented at a PV system located in Dalarna and some PV modules at MDH. It was conducted that occurrence of snail tracks, delamination and hot spots in combination with bypass failures and non-functioning cell will affect the economic profitability in the long run and the payback time will increase since their impacts on electricity generation and performance parameters are huge. The worst case is when PV modules are affected by the fault in bypass diode and non-functioning cell which result to a payback time longer than the module's lifetime and huge amount electricity losses in different bypass diodes configurations. Since UV and IR are two different methods that are performed in two different ways, different errors occurred during the measurements. The biggest external factor was the weather that determined if the experiment could be implemented. The IR method gave decent results and was quicker to use, but the UV method highlighted some defect which could not be seen with the IR technology.

This diploma thesis deals about the findings of early medieval coins in the southern and western Bohemia, which are used as a source base for understanding the long-distance and regional communications. The basic sources of research of this subject are early medieval coinage findings with regard to the settlement at that time known primarily from archaeological knowledge. Further consideration is given to the passage of proven historical roads and map background, which caught scenery before the industrial revolution. The main goal of this work is to determine how the findings of early medieval coins associated with long-distance communications. Another aim is to capture all the previously known findings of the study area and to attempt a possible reconstruction of the regional communications, which could interconnect settlement areas. The aim of the work is not and cannot be directly detected historic roads in the field, since the work is guided from above ,,from the table" too large area.

This diploma thesis deals about the findings of early medieval coins in the southern and western Bohemia, which are used as a source base for understanding the long-distance and regional communications. The basic sources of research of this subject are early medieval coinage findings with regard to the settlement at that time known primarily from archaeological knowledge. Further consideration is given to the passage of proven historical roads and map background, which caught scenery before the industrial revolution. The main goal of this work is to determine how the findings of early medieval coins associated with long-distance communications. Another aim is to capture all the previously known findings of the study area and to attempt a possible reconstruction of the regional communications, which could interconnect settlement areas. The aim of the work is not and cannot be directly detected historic roads in the field, since the work is guided from above ,,from the table" too large area.