The purpose of this study was to research the role the development appraisal teams, namely the staff development team and development support group play in developing educators in schools. The objectives of this study were to understand the problems or challenges faced by schools in developing educators. Provide training for the School Management Team, Development Support Group and Staff Development Team to enable them to perform their roles of educator development. Evaluate and monitor the development appraisal system and educator development. The literature reviewed for this study examines key concepts of appraisal across the globe that would help me understand the South African educator appraisal system and critically evaluate it. This was done by firstly, looking at the following concepts in both business and education: performance management, performance related pay and staff development. Secondly, educator appraisal systems of a few countries are examined, to establish the background and purpose of educator development appraisal in those countries. Why such appraisal systems were introduced? What effect they had on educator development and school improvement? The study also looks at the challenges those countries faced in the implementation of educator developmental appraisal and how they dealt with those challenges. Thirdly, the guiding principles of the South African developmental appraisal system and the processes of the development appraisal were researched to compare with existing practises at the research sites. Furthermore the study explored the role and responsibilities of developmental appraisal teams, namely the Development Support Groups (DSG), the Staff Development Team (SDT) and the School’s Management Team (SMT), to establish how these teams’ contribute to educator development. The methodology used in this study is qualitative in nature. The study takes the form of a case study of 2 schools in the Pinetown district. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 5 participants from each school. The findings and recommendations of this study reveal 3 strategies that are needed to give schools the support to overcome their difficulties. Firstly, develop strategies to support the development appraisal system at schools. This can be done by developing training mechanisms at schools to train school management teams, staff development teams and development support groups to enable these teams to perform their developmental roles. Secondly, develop strategies to evaluate and monitor the development appraisal system. This can be done by empowering all school’s management teams and staff development teams to be able to monitor and moderate all evaluations taking place during a cycle and asking for documents that support or justify each assessment. Finally, develop strategies to compensate for the challenges faced by each school, based on each school’s context. This can be done by assessing each school’s context prior to assessment being conducted and factoring these contextual issues into each of that school’s educator’s scores. / Thesis (M.Ed.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, 2009.

Em todos os seus níveis, a educação é permeada por mudanças promovidas por inovações e fenômenos advindos de diversos âmbitos. Tais mudanças geralmente são motivadas por necessidade de adequação dos processos de formação a um objetivo central e, interferem nesse cenário, os financiamentos condicionados a políticas públicas, os projetos alterados por novas demandas de mercado e, as metodologias de ensino que são substituídas por outras mais inovadoras. No ensino superior, em especial, este fenômeno ganha maior notoriedade por concentrar esforços em um nível de ensino que prepara profissionais para atuação em praticamente todos os setores do mercado de trabalho bem como nos outros níveis educacionais. Com essa motivação, o presente trabalho teve como foco a análise dos cursos de formação inicial de professores de química nas três universidades estaduais paulistas, considerando os impactos do Processo de Bolonha para a formação de professores nessas universidades. Tais impactos foram observados por sua materialização em políticas, em projetos e em currículos. Buscamos sustentar os nossos argumentos com discussões que tangenciam questões como as influências do neoliberalismo, a consolidação da racionalidade técnica característica da era pós-moderna, a regência dos sistemas de avaliação interna e externa sobre os cursos, a expansão do Ensino Superior no Brasil, a evolução curricular de acordo com os interesses e paradigmas dominantes, entre outras. E, por fim, procuramos entender para onde caminha a formação de professores e o Ensino Superior no Brasil dentro das possibilidades e dos limites que se apresentam nas abordagens adotadas. Dentro dessa perspectiva, como resultados, construímos nossa interpretação sobre a identidade dos cursos analisados descrita nos seus projetos político-pedagógicos e identificamos elementos resultantes de impacto de propostas internacionais em programas como o Ensina Brasil e suas implicações / In any of its levels, education is surrounded by changes promoted by innovations and phenomena came from several scopes. Those changes are usually motivated by adequacy needs of the training processes to a main objective. Financing attached to public policy, projects changed by new market demands and increasingly innovative teaching methodologies interfere at this scenario. Especially in high education, these phenomena stands out for targeting efforts in a level of education that prepares professionals to act in almost every market sector including other education levels. Therefore, this research focused the analysis of teacher training courses in the three public universities in São Paulo State, whereas the Bologna Process impacts for teacher training in those universities. Those impacts were observed, through a qualitative, exploratory and document research, due to its materialization into policies, projects and curriculum. We seek to sustain our arguments through discussions that approach issues as neoliberalism influences, the technical rationality consolidation, typical in postmodern era, the internal and external evaluation regency in courses, the expansion of higher education in Brazil, curricular evolution under the dominant interests and paradigms, and others. Lastly, we seek to understand where teacher training and Brazil higher education are are heading, considering limits and possibilities, which became known in the adopted approach. By this approach, as results, we built our interpretation about the analyzed courses identities described in its projects and identify resulting elements from international projects impacts, as Ensina Brazil and its implications

Em todos os seus níveis, a educação é permeada por mudanças promovidas por inovações e fenômenos advindos de diversos âmbitos. Tais mudanças geralmente são motivadas por necessidade de adequação dos processos de formação a um objetivo central e, interferem nesse cenário, os financiamentos condicionados a políticas públicas, os projetos alterados por novas demandas de mercado e, as metodologias de ensino que são substituídas por outras mais inovadoras. No ensino superior, em especial, este fenômeno ganha maior notoriedade por concentrar esforços em um nível de ensino que prepara profissionais para atuação em praticamente todos os setores do mercado de trabalho bem como nos outros níveis educacionais. Com essa motivação, o presente trabalho teve como foco a análise dos cursos de formação inicial de professores de química nas três universidades estaduais paulistas, considerando os impactos do Processo de Bolonha para a formação de professores nessas universidades. Tais impactos foram observados por sua materialização em políticas, em projetos e em currículos. Buscamos sustentar os nossos argumentos com discussões que tangenciam questões como as influências do neoliberalismo, a consolidação da racionalidade técnica característica da era pós-moderna, a regência dos sistemas de avaliação interna e externa sobre os cursos, a expansão do Ensino Superior no Brasil, a evolução curricular de acordo com os interesses e paradigmas dominantes, entre outras. E, por fim, procuramos entender para onde caminha a formação de professores e o Ensino Superior no Brasil dentro das possibilidades e dos limites que se apresentam nas abordagens adotadas. Dentro dessa perspectiva, como resultados, construímos nossa interpretação sobre a identidade dos cursos analisados descrita nos seus projetos político-pedagógicos e identificamos elementos resultantes de impacto de propostas internacionais em programas como o Ensina Brasil e suas implicações / In any of its levels, education is surrounded by changes promoted by innovations and phenomena came from several scopes. Those changes are usually motivated by adequacy needs of the training processes to a main objective. Financing attached to public policy, projects changed by new market demands and increasingly innovative teaching methodologies interfere at this scenario. Especially in high education, these phenomena stands out for targeting efforts in a level of education that prepares professionals to act in almost every market sector including other education levels. Therefore, this research focused the analysis of teacher training courses in the three public universities in São Paulo State, whereas the Bologna Process impacts for teacher training in those universities. Those impacts were observed, through a qualitative, exploratory and document research, due to its materialization into policies, projects and curriculum. We seek to sustain our arguments through discussions that approach issues as neoliberalism influences, the technical rationality consolidation, typical in postmodern era, the internal and external evaluation regency in courses, the expansion of higher education in Brazil, curricular evolution under the dominant interests and paradigms, and others. Lastly, we seek to understand where teacher training and Brazil higher education are are heading, considering limits and possibilities, which became known in the adopted approach. By this approach, as results, we built our interpretation about the analyzed courses identities described in its projects and identify resulting elements from international projects impacts, as Ensina Brazil and its implications

Syfte Syftet var att genomföra en nationell kartläggning och beskrivning av trauma- och katastrofmedicinska utbildningar för sjuksköterskeutbildningar på grund- och avancerad nivå. Bakgrund Regeringen har gett Socialstyrelsen i uppdrag att göra en systematisk genomgång av traumavården i Sverige och Kunskapscentrum katastrofmedicin Umeå har fått i uppdrag att se över den formella utbildningen i sjuksköterskeutbildningen på grund- och avancerad nivå nationellt. Metod En enkät skickades till samtliga 25 lärosäten som bedriver sjuksköterskeutbildning och till 47 specialistsjuksköterskeprogram med inriktning mot ambulans-, anestesi, intensivvård- eller operationssjukvård. Enkäten bestod av 19 frågor gällande lärosätets trauma- och katastrofmedicinska utbildning. Resultat Alla 25 sjuksköterskeutbildningar och 43 specialistsjuksköterskeprogram svarade på enkäten. Efter analys framkom att trauma- och katastrofmedicinsk utbildning ingår i olika i grad och med varierande innehåll vid de olika lärosätena. Slutsats Utbildningar på grund- och avancerad nivå bör ses över för att kunna säkerställa en nationellt likvärdig och tillräcklig utbildning i trauma- och katastrofmedicinsk vård.   Nyckelord: Trauma, katastrof, kurser, utbildning, sjuksköterskeutbildning / Purpose. The aim was to conduct a national survey and a description of trauma and disaster medical training courses for nurses at the undergraduate and graduate levels.   Background. The government has given the National Board of Health and Welfare an assignment to conduct a systematic review of trauma care in Sweden. The Center for Disaster Medicine at Umeå University has been commissioned to review the formal trauma and disaster education in nursing education at the undergraduate and graduate level nationally. Method. A questionnaire was sent to all 25 universities engaged in nursing education and to 47 specialist nursing programs within the ambulance, anesthesia, intensive care and operating theater nursing care. The questionnaire consisted of 19 questions regarding the university´s trauma and disaster medical training. Results. All 25 nursing and 43 of the specialist nursing programs responded to the survey. The analysis showed that trauma and disaster medical care were provided in various degrees and with various content at the different institutions. Conclusion. Nursing programs at undergraduate and graduate levels should be reviewed further in order to ensure a nationally equivalent and sufficient training in trauma and disaster medical care.   Keywords: Trauma, Disaster, Courses, Training, Nursing education

In light of globalization, international social work from global North to global South is accelerating and the emphasis from Swedish universities on international experience among students has increased. Various scholars problematize the domination of the global North as theories and practice have historically been unquestionably transformed from so-called developed to developing countries. Since the Western knowledge can be seen as the norm worldwide, international social work practice can have a negative impact on the local people, culture and knowledge if not adapted to the local context. The aim of the study was to explore to what extent Swedish social work students are prepared for field training abroad. This by exploring Swedish social work student’s experiences of their field training in South Africa. Further, the study aim was to increase our understanding of how the background as a Swedish social work student influences the field training in South Africa. The idea of the study is also to explore how South African social welfare workers relate and conceive Swedish social work students at their social welfare organization. In order to explore this subject, the study was based on fifteen semi-structured interviews with both Swedish social work students doing field training in South Africa and South African social welfare workers supervising Swedish students. Our study reveals that Swedish students doing field training in South Africa are not prepared academically in order to conduct field training abroad. Furthermore, the students expressed that the social work education lacked in terms of support, supervision and preparations for international field training. Our result indicated that students are given a high status and are seen as professionals by South African social welfare workers. Further, this study shows an indistinct relation between who is educating and who is learning among Swedish students and South African supervisors. This as a result of the power of whiteness and the view of the student’s as professionals with valuable knowledge. Our analysis has revealed, according to postcolonial theory and the concept of white privilege, signs of a continuation of historical colonial power relations and a distinction between “we” and “them”. However, international social work is a complex phenomenon and additional research is needed to unpack this subject further.

In 1992, the Government of Botswana appointed a National Commission to review the education system and advise how it could promote human resource development to address the country’s socio-economic challenges. The Commission identified the need to diversify the labour market and shift towards occupational groupings based on skills, attitudes and competence. However, fifteen years on, Botswana’s dependence on diamond mining, coupled with immigration from neighbouring countries and a mismatch of skills supply and demand has resulted in a pool of labour exceeding the number of jobs available. Access, opportunity and social inclusion therefore represent major challenges, since large numbers of under and un-utilised people imply a heavy socioeconomic burden. This thesis employed a Problem Based Methodology within the framework of a Project Cycle Management approach to develop a project for an Adult Basic Vocational Education and Training (ABVET) programme as a contribution towards the development of human and social capital in Botswana.

O handebol é um jogo esportivo coletivo (JEC) cuja lógica interna regula as interações entre jogadores e equipes. Com o goleiro de handebol isto não é diferente, pois em seu processo de ensino-aprendizagem-treinamento (EAT) é preciso considerar a influência das capacidades motoras, psicológicas e técnico-táticas em função das exigências que são determinadas ao posto específico. Sendo o treinador, o responsável pelo planejamento e condução do processo de EAT, sua opinião é fundamental para que seja possível compreender quais as características que podem influenciar na ação do goleiro de handebol. Assim, o objetivo geral deste trabalho foi identificar as diretrizes para o processo de EAT do goleiro de handebol. Para identificar o panorama da literatura sobre o goleiro de handebol, foi feita uma revisão sistemática sobre o ensino e análise de jogo desse posto específico. Para o desenvolvimento da pesquisa, foi utilizada uma abordagem qualitativa, por meio da realização de entrevistas semiestruturadas com os treinadores da categoria sub-16 que atuavam em duas ligas regionais do Estado de São Paulo. Para a tabulação e análise das entrevistas foi utilizado o método Discurso do Sujeito Coletivo (DSC). Os achados da revisão sistemática apontaram que os estudos com goleiros de handebol são recentes e, por essa razão, foram identificadas algumas lacunas na literatura, como os estudos com goleiros jovens e os estudos com treinadores, que são características da presente pesquisa. Após a análise dos discursos dos treinadores, foi possível identificar que, para a categoria sub-16, o processo de EAT do goleiro de handebol deve ser pautado no desenvolvimento de um repertório motor amplo que facilite o aprendizado das técnicas específicas exigidas pelo jogo. Essas características irão pautar suas ações na fase defensiva para conseguir defender os diferentes tipos de arremesso, a partir da capacidade de leitura dos sinais relevantes que podem influenciar as ações que o goleiro pode fazer em jogo. Essa leitura deverá ser capaz de identificar sinais como o braço de arremesso, o gestual técnico e as trajetórias do adversário. Na fase ofensiva, o goleiro deve ser estimulado a compreender o modelo de jogo de sua equipe para que possa dar orientações técnico-táticas aos jogadores de quadra, como os espaços para atacar em vantagem numérica e possíveis feedbacks relacionados ao comportamento do goleiro adversário. Nesta fase, o goleiro também deve procurar repor a bola em jogo rapidamente após fazer uma defesa ou recuperar a posse de bola próximo a sua área. Esse comportamento pode favorecer o ataque da sua equipe, ao obter vantagens como acelerar o ataque e dificultar o retorno defensivo do adversário / Handball is a team sport whose internal logic regulates the interactions between players and teams. With the handball goalkeeper this is not different, because in its teaching-learning-training process (TLT) it is necessary to consider the influence of the motor, psychological and technical-tactical abilities these are recquired for the specific position. As the coach is responsible for planning and conducting the TLT process, his opinion is fundamental so that it is possible to understand what characteristics may influence the handball goalkeeper action\'s. Therefore, the main objective of this work was to identify the guidelines for the TLT process of the handball goalkeeper. In order to identify the literature overview about the handball goalkeeper, a systematic review researched about the teaching process and game analysis of this specific position. For the development of this research, a qualitative approach was used, through semi-structured interviews with U-16 coaches who played in two regional leagues in the state of São Paulo in 2016. For the tabulation and analysis of the interviews, the Collective Subject Discourse (CSD) method was used. The findings of the systematic review pointed out that studies with handball goalkeepers are recent and, for this reason, some lack in the literature have been identified, such as studies with young goalkeepers and studies with coaches, which are characteristics of the present research. After analyzing the coaches\' speeches, it was possible to identify, for the sub-16 category, that the handball goalkeeper TLT process should be based on the development of a broad motor repertoire that facilitates the learning of the specific techniques recquired by the game. These characteristics will guide his actions in the defensive phase to be able to defend the different types of throw, from the ability to identify the relevant signals that can influence the goalkeeper actions inside the game. This ability should be able to identify signals such as the throwing arm, the technical gesture and the oponente trajectories before the throwing. In the offensive phase, the goalkeeper must be encouraged to understand his team\'s game model so that he can give technical-tactical guidance to court players, such as spaces to attack in numerical advantage and possible feedbacks related to the behavior of the opponent\'s goalkeeper. At this phase, the goalkeeper should also seek to reset the ball in play quickly after making a defense or regaining possession of the ball near his area. This behavior can favor your team\'s attack by gaining advantages such as accelerating the attack and hampering the opponent\'s defensive return

Bakgrund: Universitet och högskolor har utvecklat kliniska träningscentrum (KTC) där sjuksköterskestudenterna får integrera kliniska och teoretiska kunskaper. Scenarioträningar innebär att ett antal färdigheter läggs samman till ett autentiskt patientfall och färdighetsträning innebär att lära sig tekniken eller handling med upprepningsmöjligheter. Tekniken har utvecklats i takt med att sjukvården blivit allt mer komplex. Syftet: Syftet med denna studie var att jämföra två olika inlärningsmetoder i att koppla en infusion till en perifer venkateter bland sjuksköterskestudenter. Jämförelsen var mellan färdighetsträning och en kombination av färdighetsträning och scenarioträning. Metod: Fyrtio sjuksköterskestudenter rekryterades från termin 4 och indelades i en interventionsgrupp (19 studenter) och en jämförelsegrupp (21 studenter). Interventionsgruppen fick färdighet och scenarioträning och jämförelsegruppen fick färdighetsträning i att koppla en infusion till en perifer venkateter. Yrkeshandledare utvärderade studentens färdighet och förmåga att koppla en infusion under studenternas verksamhetsförlagda utbildning. Utvärderingen skedde med hjälp av ett frågeformulär baserat på OSCE protokoll och innehöll 5 domäner. Data analyserades med Chi-2 test och Mann-Whitney U test. Statistik programmet SPSS användes för att analysera utfallet. Resultat: Inga signifikanta skillnader sågs mellan grupperna beträffande bemötande, hygien, ergonomi, vårdteknik samt dokumentation. Båda grupperna uppnådde höga resultat inom alla domänerna förutom hygien och vårdteknik. Slutsats: Scenarioträning ökade inte studenternas färdighet och förmåga i att koppla en infusion till en perifer venkateter. Båda grupperna visade att det behövs mer träning på KTC i hygien och vårdteknik.

O handebol é um jogo esportivo coletivo (JEC) cuja lógica interna regula as interações entre jogadores e equipes. Com o goleiro de handebol isto não é diferente, pois em seu processo de ensino-aprendizagem-treinamento (EAT) é preciso considerar a influência das capacidades motoras, psicológicas e técnico-táticas em função das exigências que são determinadas ao posto específico. Sendo o treinador, o responsável pelo planejamento e condução do processo de EAT, sua opinião é fundamental para que seja possível compreender quais as características que podem influenciar na ação do goleiro de handebol. Assim, o objetivo geral deste trabalho foi identificar as diretrizes para o processo de EAT do goleiro de handebol. Para identificar o panorama da literatura sobre o goleiro de handebol, foi feita uma revisão sistemática sobre o ensino e análise de jogo desse posto específico. Para o desenvolvimento da pesquisa, foi utilizada uma abordagem qualitativa, por meio da realização de entrevistas semiestruturadas com os treinadores da categoria sub-16 que atuavam em duas ligas regionais do Estado de São Paulo. Para a tabulação e análise das entrevistas foi utilizado o método Discurso do Sujeito Coletivo (DSC). Os achados da revisão sistemática apontaram que os estudos com goleiros de handebol são recentes e, por essa razão, foram identificadas algumas lacunas na literatura, como os estudos com goleiros jovens e os estudos com treinadores, que são características da presente pesquisa. Após a análise dos discursos dos treinadores, foi possível identificar que, para a categoria sub-16, o processo de EAT do goleiro de handebol deve ser pautado no desenvolvimento de um repertório motor amplo que facilite o aprendizado das técnicas específicas exigidas pelo jogo. Essas características irão pautar suas ações na fase defensiva para conseguir defender os diferentes tipos de arremesso, a partir da capacidade de leitura dos sinais relevantes que podem influenciar as ações que o goleiro pode fazer em jogo. Essa leitura deverá ser capaz de identificar sinais como o braço de arremesso, o gestual técnico e as trajetórias do adversário. Na fase ofensiva, o goleiro deve ser estimulado a compreender o modelo de jogo de sua equipe para que possa dar orientações técnico-táticas aos jogadores de quadra, como os espaços para atacar em vantagem numérica e possíveis feedbacks relacionados ao comportamento do goleiro adversário. Nesta fase, o goleiro também deve procurar repor a bola em jogo rapidamente após fazer uma defesa ou recuperar a posse de bola próximo a sua área. Esse comportamento pode favorecer o ataque da sua equipe, ao obter vantagens como acelerar o ataque e dificultar o retorno defensivo do adversário / Handball is a team sport whose internal logic regulates the interactions between players and teams. With the handball goalkeeper this is not different, because in its teaching-learning-training process (TLT) it is necessary to consider the influence of the motor, psychological and technical-tactical abilities these are recquired for the specific position. As the coach is responsible for planning and conducting the TLT process, his opinion is fundamental so that it is possible to understand what characteristics may influence the handball goalkeeper action\'s. Therefore, the main objective of this work was to identify the guidelines for the TLT process of the handball goalkeeper. In order to identify the literature overview about the handball goalkeeper, a systematic review researched about the teaching process and game analysis of this specific position. For the development of this research, a qualitative approach was used, through semi-structured interviews with U-16 coaches who played in two regional leagues in the state of São Paulo in 2016. For the tabulation and analysis of the interviews, the Collective Subject Discourse (CSD) method was used. The findings of the systematic review pointed out that studies with handball goalkeepers are recent and, for this reason, some lack in the literature have been identified, such as studies with young goalkeepers and studies with coaches, which are characteristics of the present research. After analyzing the coaches\' speeches, it was possible to identify, for the sub-16 category, that the handball goalkeeper TLT process should be based on the development of a broad motor repertoire that facilitates the learning of the specific techniques recquired by the game. These characteristics will guide his actions in the defensive phase to be able to defend the different types of throw, from the ability to identify the relevant signals that can influence the goalkeeper actions inside the game. This ability should be able to identify signals such as the throwing arm, the technical gesture and the oponente trajectories before the throwing. In the offensive phase, the goalkeeper must be encouraged to understand his team\'s game model so that he can give technical-tactical guidance to court players, such as spaces to attack in numerical advantage and possible feedbacks related to the behavior of the opponent\'s goalkeeper. At this phase, the goalkeeper should also seek to reset the ball in play quickly after making a defense or regaining possession of the ball near his area. This behavior can favor your team\'s attack by gaining advantages such as accelerating the attack and hampering the opponent\'s defensive return

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