Esta pesquisa realiza um estudo da relação entre universidades-centros de pesquisa e empresas no setor de biomateriais, no estado do Paraná (Brasil). Os dados foram levantados por meio de entrevistas exploratórias realizadas com onze líderes de grupos de pesquisa, com representantes dos setores de pesquisa e desenvolvimento de quatro empresas ligadas ao setor de biomateriais e com os responsáveis pelos Núcleos de Inovação Tecnológica das universidades contempladas pela pesquisa. Os resultados das entrevistas com os pesquisadores mostram as motivações para o estabelecimento das parcerias, as principais dificuldades, bem como as lacunas que dificultam o avanço das pesquisas no estado. As entrevistas exploratórias com os representantes das empresas identificaram as motivações para o estabelecimento das parcerias, as formas utilizadas para identificar os pesquisadores, as principais dificuldades, bem como as principais lacunas nesta relação. Foi realizada também uma pesquisa bibliográfica a respeito dos mecanismos governamentais de apoio, na qual foram levantadas as principais legislações federais sobre o processo de inovação, as legislações locais e os principais mecanismos de subvenção atuantes no estado. Por fim, foram identificadas e analisadas as boas práticas implantadas pelas empresas e universidades-centros de pesquisa. Este trabalho finaliza com a apresentação de dois protocolos de boas práticas disponibilizados para empresas e instituições de pesquisa, e um protocolo de ações para o governo, com o objetivo de aprimorar esta relação, tão importante para o desenvolvimento científico-tecnológico no país. / This research conducts a study of the interaction between universities-research centers and companies on the biomaterials industry in the state of Paraná (Brazil). Data were collected through exploratory interviews with eleven leaders of research groups, with representatives of research and development areas of four companies linked to the biomaterials sector and with those responsible for Technological Innovation Centers in universities covered by this study. The results of the interviews with the researchers show the motivations for the establishment of partnerships, the main difficulties, as well as the gaps that hinder the progress of research in the state. The exploratory interviews with representatives of companies identified the motivations for the establishment of partnerships, the ways used to identify the researchers, the main difficulties, as well as the main gaps in this regard. It was also performed a bibliographic research regarding government support mechanisms, in which were surveyed main federal laws about the process of innovation, local laws and the mechanisms of subvention in the state. Finally, were identified and analyzed the best practices implemented by companies and universities-research centers. This study concludes with the presentation of two protocols of best practices made available for companies and research institutions, and a protocol of suggestions to the government, aiming to improve these relations, so important to the scientific and technological development in this country.

No contexto de universidade empreendedora, as incubadoras de empresas são um locus onde se acolhe empreendedores apoiando-os para que seus projetos tornem-se realidade através da constituição de pequenas empresas. Estar no ambiente de uma incubadora universitária de empresas significa estar próximo à universidade e tendo facilitado e estimulado o acesso e colaboração com a Academia. Se poderia questionar que efeitos o processo de incubação provoca na universidade que mantém uma incubadora de empresas e; por outro lado, que vantagens uma empresa nascente teria em estabelecer-se dentro de uma incubadora. Para subsidiar a análise dessas questões, o objetivo da presente pesquisa é analisar as interações universidade- empresa, em empresas incubadas e graduadas, que ocorrem no âmbito de uma incubadora universitária de empresas. Foi estudado o ambiente de incubação da Incubadora de Empresas de Base Tecnológica da UNISINOS, conhecida por UNITEC, através de coleta de dados via questionário submetido às empresas que estavam residentes na Incubadora no ano de 2009. Este estudo foi conduzido do ponto de vista da empresa que passa pelo processo de incubação, materializado na visão de seu empreendedor, sendo respondido por 15 empreendedores que representam 15 das empresas incubadas e graduadas residentes. Os resultados obtidos permitiram identificar: as parcerias, a receita mensal regular das empresas incubadas, o baixo nível de endividamento, e a troca de informações técnicas com outras empresas, como efeitos do processo de incubação nas empresas. Também pemitiram identificar as palestras em sala de aula, as visitas de alunos nas empresas e a consultoria prestada por alunos, como principais efeitos na Universidade. Além disso, se pode identificar que as percepções dos executivos das empresas graduadas e incubadas, divergem na maioria das questões. / Considering the entrepreneurship university context, the business incubators are a kind of locus that holds entrepreneurs, helping them to make their projects come true via the establishment of small companies. Being inside university business incubator means to have easy access and stimulated collaboration with the University. It could be asked which effects the incubation process brings to a university that holds a business incubator and, on the other hand, which advantages could be reached by a startup company settled inside an incubator. In order to support the analysis of these kinds of questions, the objective of this research is to analyze the interactions university-industry that occurs in a university business incubator. This study considers the incubation environment at UNISINOS University (located in the southern Brazil), called UNITEC, throw data collected using a questionnaire that was submitted to companies that were resident at UNITEC incubation environment at the year 2009. This whole study considers the point of view of 15 companies that were passed through incubation process, including incubated companies and also graduated ones. From the obtained results, it´s possible to indentify: the partnerships among resident companies, the recurring monthly income of incubated companies, the low level of indebtedness of all companies and, the technical information exchange among the companies, as effects from the incubation process in the resident companies. It´s also to indentify that the lectures by entrepreneurs at university classes, the students visits at companies and, consultancy services by students, as the main effects of the incubation process at the University. Besides that, it´s possible to realize that entrepreneurs from the incubated and graduated companies diverge in most questions.

Esta pesquisa realiza um estudo da relação entre universidades-centros de pesquisa e empresas no setor de biomateriais, no estado do Paraná (Brasil). Os dados foram levantados por meio de entrevistas exploratórias realizadas com onze líderes de grupos de pesquisa, com representantes dos setores de pesquisa e desenvolvimento de quatro empresas ligadas ao setor de biomateriais e com os responsáveis pelos Núcleos de Inovação Tecnológica das universidades contempladas pela pesquisa. Os resultados das entrevistas com os pesquisadores mostram as motivações para o estabelecimento das parcerias, as principais dificuldades, bem como as lacunas que dificultam o avanço das pesquisas no estado. As entrevistas exploratórias com os representantes das empresas identificaram as motivações para o estabelecimento das parcerias, as formas utilizadas para identificar os pesquisadores, as principais dificuldades, bem como as principais lacunas nesta relação. Foi realizada também uma pesquisa bibliográfica a respeito dos mecanismos governamentais de apoio, na qual foram levantadas as principais legislações federais sobre o processo de inovação, as legislações locais e os principais mecanismos de subvenção atuantes no estado. Por fim, foram identificadas e analisadas as boas práticas implantadas pelas empresas e universidades-centros de pesquisa. Este trabalho finaliza com a apresentação de dois protocolos de boas práticas disponibilizados para empresas e instituições de pesquisa, e um protocolo de ações para o governo, com o objetivo de aprimorar esta relação, tão importante para o desenvolvimento científico-tecnológico no país. / This research conducts a study of the interaction between universities-research centers and companies on the biomaterials industry in the state of Paraná (Brazil). Data were collected through exploratory interviews with eleven leaders of research groups, with representatives of research and development areas of four companies linked to the biomaterials sector and with those responsible for Technological Innovation Centers in universities covered by this study. The results of the interviews with the researchers show the motivations for the establishment of partnerships, the main difficulties, as well as the gaps that hinder the progress of research in the state. The exploratory interviews with representatives of companies identified the motivations for the establishment of partnerships, the ways used to identify the researchers, the main difficulties, as well as the main gaps in this regard. It was also performed a bibliographic research regarding government support mechanisms, in which were surveyed main federal laws about the process of innovation, local laws and the mechanisms of subvention in the state. Finally, were identified and analyzed the best practices implemented by companies and universities-research centers. This study concludes with the presentation of two protocols of best practices made available for companies and research institutions, and a protocol of suggestions to the government, aiming to improve these relations, so important to the scientific and technological development in this country.

The importance for companies in knowledge or technology intensive industries to take part in research partnerships has been thoroughly researched, and the gain of collaboration with external parties has been proven. One of these most influential collaboration types is the one between academia and industry, where the US Bayh-Dole Act provided a break-through policy change for the transfer, conversion and commercialization of knowledge and innovations. To counter this, the European Union has implemented a policy around a facilitating, user-centered milieu for innovation called Living Labs. In this article, the purpose is to identify potential collaboration barriers in the university-industry collaboration when implemented in this milieu. This is done by using a multiple case study where the respondents are seven individuals, from three Living Lab entities and two companies. The findings show that the inclusion of users give the setting its advantage, but also gives additional management needs, something that applies to all participants in the setting – the company representatives must have a diverse set of abilities, the researchers should be standalone and independent from the Living Labs management, the management must establish a shared physical context for all parties to interact within and there must be a very clear agreement between all parties what there are expecting from the collaboration regarding outcomes, process and structure.

Knowledge production has changed considerably in the past few decades. This transformation has notably affected universities both as unique institutions and citadels of knowledge. These changes are being brought by a number of factors, such as the globalization of the economy, the rise of technologies based on generic forms of knowledge, and the ability of universities to hold and exploit patents. In both scale and intensity, these alterations have led policy makers to reflect more on how scientific and technological innovation can and should be enhanced by policy decisions that would improve university-industry and government cooperation. This new fusion of three complementary societal sectors has been described by sociologists as the triple helix. As an analytical and normative concept, the triple helix is derived from the changing role of government in different societies in relation to academia and industry. Its basis is the recognition that the interaction among university-industry-government as relatively independent, yet inter-dependent institutional spheres is critical to improving the conditions for innovation in a knowledge-based society. The study reveals that commercial research funding significantly affects the perceptions of university-industry collaboration and academic knowledge capitalization. The analysis showed that academic scientists who received commercial research funding have relatively positive views about university-industry relations than those who do not receive such funds. However, one cannot conclude that commercial activities of academic scientists are harming the core functions of the university or that intellectual autonomy is being surrendered to industrial partners. Based on the findings of the study, and the contours of the triple helix model, it is argued that the growth of university-industry-government collaboration is not necessarily pre-determined in favour of either private corporations or the state, nor is it necessarily at the expense of universities. It is further contended that the growing notion that academic capitalism is harming the core functions of the university is perhaps a bit simplistic in that the issue is more complex and multifaceted than usually acknowledged. <p>In light of the above, the study asserts that the future viability of policies encouraging universities to be entrepreneurial may, if approached strategically, be catalysts for the science-based knowledge economy. For that to be realistic there is the need to understand the university as a differentiated social system rather than a unified whole. This will avoid the situation whereby all university activities are subordinated under a homogenous policy of one size fits all. In the context of triple helix relations, conceptualizing the university as a differentiated social system means a deep-seated and continually growing purposeful specialization such as the adoption of an economic development function in addition to teaching, research and community engagement.

Europe is arguably in need of a more offensive approach towards theencouragement of entrepreneurship and research based product development.Several European initiatives have been initiated towards this aim, one ofwhich is the Knowledge and Innovation Communities (KICs); an initiativeultimately taken by the European Commission. The main purpose of the KICsis to foster innovation and commercialization in Europe by combining forcesof industry and university, much in line with the theory of the TripleHelix. This master’s thesis is a follow up report of a previously conductedRemotely Operated Vehicle (ROV) market analysis, which was a deliverable inthe OTS project; a KIC InnoEnergy initiated project, aiming towards productdevelopment within the ocean energy sector. The purpose of this thesis hasbeen to, on the one hand evaluate how such a multidisciplinary projectworks in practice, the consequences of its design and the coping of theseconsequences, and on the other hand to identify and map prerequisites for asituation regarding if, and how, the project should invite anotherparticipant from industry into a collaboration. Based on a qualitativeanalysis of seven interviews with representatives from both academia andindustry, the conclusions indicated that the structure and future of theOTS/ROV project is perceived as unclear, best remedied by strongermanagement, additional funding, and invitation of a new collaborator. Thedemands for such collaboration mainly include an explicit project plan fromthe external ROV supplier’s point of view, and the sharing of knowledge andequipment of the supplier from the internal members’ point of view.

This thesis addresses the opportunities and difficulties that can occur in the creation of an innovation arena concerning sustainable city solutions. A case study was conducted of the Stockholm Royal Seaport project and a model for the management of an innovation arena was created. Three critical factors were discovered which were commitment, collective risk taking and trust and their connection to the overall common vision for an innovation arena. Conclusions after analyzing the critical factors was that clear contracts needs to be established and that third party involvement in the process of searching, qualifying and coaching of involved actors can be helpful in the process of developing an innovation arena.

Knowledge production has changed considerably in the past few decades. This transformation has notably affected universities both as unique institutions and citadels of knowledge. These changes are being brought by a number of factors, such as the globalization of the economy, the rise of technologies based on generic forms of knowledge, and the ability of universities to hold and exploit patents. In both scale and intensity, these alterations have led policy makers to reflect more on how scientific and technological innovation can and should be enhanced by policy decisions that would improve university-industry and government cooperation. This new fusion of three complementary societal sectors has been described by sociologists as the triple helix. As an analytical and normative concept, the triple helix is derived from the changing role of government in different societies in relation to academia and industry. Its basis is the recognition that the interaction among university-industry-government as relatively independent, yet inter-dependent institutional spheres is critical to improving the conditions for innovation in a knowledge-based society. The study reveals that commercial research funding significantly affects the perceptions of university-industry collaboration and academic knowledge capitalization. The analysis showed that academic scientists who received commercial research funding have relatively positive views about university-industry relations than those who do not receive such funds. However, one cannot conclude that commercial activities of academic scientists are harming the core functions of the university or that intellectual autonomy is being surrendered to industrial partners. Based on the findings of the study, and the contours of the triple helix model, it is argued that the growth of university-industry-government collaboration is not necessarily pre-determined in favour of either private corporations or the state, nor is it necessarily at the expense of universities. It is further contended that the growing notion that academic capitalism is harming the core functions of the university is perhaps a bit simplistic in that the issue is more complex and multifaceted than usually acknowledged. <p>In light of the above, the study asserts that the future viability of policies encouraging universities to be entrepreneurial may, if approached strategically, be catalysts for the science-based knowledge economy. For that to be realistic there is the need to understand the university as a differentiated social system rather than a unified whole. This will avoid the situation whereby all university activities are subordinated under a homogenous policy of one size fits all. In the context of triple helix relations, conceptualizing the university as a differentiated social system means a deep-seated and continually growing purposeful specialization such as the adoption of an economic development function in addition to teaching, research and community engagement.

Theses (Ph. D.)--Marshall University, 2004. / Title from document title page. Includes abstract. Document formatted into pages: contains xiv, 192 p. including illustrations. Bibliography: p. 157-192.

Esta dissertação possui o objetivo de mapear os atores de inovação do Québec, no Canadá, através de um estudo exploratório, com base no Modelo da Tríplice Hélice de Etzkowitz (2008). Em seguida, buscou-se identificar o papel de cada um dos atores, que através da inovação e da cooperação favorecem o desenvolvimento regional, explorando-se os elementos da inovação e o impacto dos mesmos nos atores estudados. Utilizou-se o método de análise qualitativa, descritiva e exploratória com análise de conteúdo, através do software Atlas.ti®, versão 7. Os resultados encontrados na pesquisa realizada no Québec vão de encontro com a teoria de Etzkowitz (2008), que sugere que a universidade, o governo e a indústria trabalhem em conjunto em prol da inovação. Através das organizações híbridas, que surgem a partir da cooperação entre os três atores, percebeu-se um impacto positivo no fomento a inovação e ao desenvolvimento regional. O levantamento dos atores e a identificação dos elementos regionais contribuem para que outras regiões possam utilizar o modelo das organizações estudadas, com o objetivo de fomentar a inovação através da cooperação para o desenvolvimento regional. A identificação do Quartier de l’Innovation, das Sociedades de Valorização Universitária e do Programa do Governo SR&ED estão entre os principais modelos de organizações/programas identificados que buscam o desenvolvimento da região, através da inovação e da cooperação. / Submitted by Marcelo Teixeira (mvteixeira@ucs.br) on 2014-05-06T12:12:45Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao Gabriela Cristina Lain.pdf: 5972568 bytes, checksum: 3338ff14f15ac4629f31c864cef83336 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2014-05-06T12:12:45Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao Gabriela Cristina Lain.pdf: 5972568 bytes, checksum: 3338ff14f15ac4629f31c864cef83336 (MD5) / The aim of this dissertation is to map the innovation actors of Quebec, Canada, through an exploratory study based on Etzkowitz’s (2008) triple helix model. We sought to identify the role of each one of the actors that favor local development through innovation and cooperation, exploring the elements of innovation and their impact on the studied actors. The method used was qualitative, descriptive and exploratory analysis with content analysis through the software Atlas.ti®, version 7. The results of the research conducted in Quebec are according to the theory of Etzkowitz (2008) which suggests that the university, the government and the industry work together in favor of innovation. A positive impact has been perceived in promoting innovation and local development through hybrid organizations that emerge from the cooperation among the three actors. The resurgence of the actors and the identification of the regional elements contribute so that the other regions are able to use the model of the studied organizations with the objective of promoting innovation through cooperation for local development. The identification of Quartier de l’Innovation, of the University Valorization Society and the government program SR&ED are among the main models of organizations/programs identified that seek the development of the region through innovation and cooperation.