Teacher attrition in schools is a common and ongoing phenomenon experienced nationally and internationally. Teacher attrition takes place continuously in schools either voluntarily or involuntarily in the form of retirement, resignation, transfer, dismissal, redeployment, ill-health and death, affecting the teaching and learning process in a negative way. The purpose of this study was to explore the experiences of female principals on teacher attrition. The study was conducted in the public schools of Tshwane West District of Gauteng Province. Transformational leadership theory and ethics of care theory underpinned this qualitative study positioned within the constructivist paradigm. A case study design was used to explore the case of teacher attrition. Purposive sampling was used to select the female principals to participate in this study. Data were collected through face-to-face semi-structured interviews, observation and document analysis. Qualitative content analysis was employed for data analysis. The study found that teacher attrition affects schools negatively. It disrupts and destabilises the schools, affecting the morale of the teachers as well as affecting learner performance and discipline as it takes place throughout the academic year. The female principals employ various strategies to address the issue of teacher attrition and to motivate for teacher retention. The study recommended that female principals be empowered to enable them to cope with their role of managing teacher attrition. / Educational Management and Leadership / Ph. D. (Education (Educational Management and Leadership))

This research study deals with the role of ward committee members in local government and administration in South Africa with reference to the City of Tshwane Metropolitan Municipality (CTMM). Most importantly, the transformation of local government and administration in South Africa and the role of the state as well as local government from the public administration perspective in this study highlight the importance of municipal regulatory framework and policies in decision-making. There are two scientific research methodologies called qualitative and quantitative methodologies. In this research project, the qualitative research methodology has been used to assess the roles, functions and performance of ward committees in enhancing service delivery in the local communities. It involved collecting data, processing and analysing data to necessitate a reflection on the planning, and the structuring and execution of the research in order to comply with the demands of truth, objectivity and validity. The methodology has resulted in a research project through which the ward committee system in the City of Tshwane Metropolitan Municipality (CTMM) can be understood within the government service delivery programme and one that attempts to clarify the involvement of local communities and stakeholders. A hypothetical process model for ward committees in the City of Tshwane outlines and clarifies the roles and functions of ward committees in the service delivery processes. A City of Tshwane ward committee model system is proposed to promote working relationships in the municipality and efficacy in service delivery to the local communities other stakeholders by the City of Tshwane Metropolitan Municipality (CTMM) departments. The recommendations from the findings is that the City of Tshwane Metropolitan Municipality (CTMM) should build the capacity of ward committee members through continuous training and development and consider increasing the term of office of ward committees to be concurrent with the elections of councillors and that communication, verbal and written for the local communities meetings, should be improved. Monitoring and evaluation of departments within the current performance management system of both ward committee members and local communities, holding the municipal government accountable should be included. Copyright / Dissertation (MAdmin)--University of Pretoria, 2010. / School of Public Management and Administration (SPMA) / unrestricted

This study has its beginnings in the intriguing idea of how people think things are as opposed to the way things really are. This idea forms one of the central themes of the post-modern paradigm of knowledge that underlines the more inventive role of language in the constitution of knowledge. So much intrigued by this idea, I decided to plot my own expedition to gain more insight into two particular appearances of the conceptualisation of the Tshwane urban space, namely: the picturing of the current urban condition and the preferred concepts used by planners to shape a better urban future. The expedition consists of two voyages. The first voyage (Part 3 of the travel journal), paraphrases the latest themes on the contemporary spatial scenery. In these sketches I tried to make sense of the s(t)imulating sites and sights by offering a personal localisation/contextualisation of these emerging spatialities. This part of the expedition highlighted the need for considerable modifications to the concepts we as planners currently use to describe the spatialities of our time. With this expectation, I commenced with my second voyage (Part 4 of the journal). By employing my refined mode of deconstructive reading, termed expansive scanning, I firstly (1) began to critically appraise how the current spatialities of Tshwane is observed, visualised and described and secondly (2) what shades of a better urban future are directed into position. The travel journal concludes with a review that attempts to bring the multiple revelations/field notes together in a more meaningful whole as my answer to the query I staged at the start of the expedition. The reading is also ended with some reflections on possible openings for further readings and more pertinent descriptions and actions by planners. / Dissertation (M (Town and Regional Planning))--University of Pretoria, 2007. / Town and Regional Planning / M (Town and Regional Planning) / unrestricted

Effective and satisfactory security service is critical to private security officers (PSOs) working in the private, state-owned and public sectors as it plays a pivotal role in improving organisational productivity and helps to promote good working relationships. When PSOs project poor attitudes, clients are seriously affected by such negative behaviour and the level of service rendered will eventually deteriorate. This study sought to understand and explore the factors that contributed to unsatisfactory services rendered by PSOs at GPW in Tshwane. The researcher utilised a nonexperimental quantitative research approach and a self-administered questionnaire survey was used to collect data. Data collected was analysed and interpreted using quantitative methods and procedures. The findings emanating from the research revealed that the levels of service rendered by PSOs at GPW in Tshwane was ineffective and unsatisfactory and various factors contributed to ineffective service delivery. Several recommendations are proposed to improve the level of service rendered by PSOs. / Criminology and Security Science / M. Tech. (Security Management)

In certifying the Constitution of the Republic of South Africa, 1996 the Constitutional Court of the Republic of South Africa emphasised the importance of the notions of intergovernmental relations and co-operative government by inter alia stressing as follows: “The constitutional system chosen by the Constitutional Assembly is one of co-operative government in which the powers of important functional areas are allocated concurrently to the national and provincial spheres of government. This choice, instead of one of competitive federalism which some political parties may have favoured, was a choice which the Constitutional Assembly was entitled to make in terms of the Constitutional principles.” In view of the above, it is evident that co-operative government can be regarded as one of the cornerstones of the new constitutional dispensation in South Africa and that intergovernmental relations can be regarded as a practical instrument for ensuring co-operative government in the delivery of services by the three spheres of government. This study therefore seeks to establish if intergovernmental relations in South Africa, with specific reference to the City of Tshwane Metropolitan Municipality, facilitate the performance of the local sphere of government with a view to help improve the role of intergovernmental relations in facilitating service delivery. In achieving this purpose, a whole range of research methods such as the literature review and policy documents were used to collect data on the subject matter. Relevant data was analysed and was compared with legislative guidelines on the subject matter. The findings and conclusions of the study indicated that: “Intergovernmental relations in South Africa facilitate the performance of the local sphere of government in the delivery of services with specific reference to the City of Tshwane Metropolitan Municipality.” In order to further inculcate a culture of intergovernmental relations in service delivery in the City of Tshwane Metropolitan Municipality and local government in general, the management of change and human resources development interventions are recommended. The study further recommends that further research in this discipline should continue as long as political innovation exists. / Thesis (PhD (Public Affairs))--University of Pretoria, 2006. / School of Public Management and Administration (SPMA) / PhD / unrestricted

South Africa is experiencing shortage of resources in most health services, including tertiary hospitals. This leads to a situation where health care workers, especially professional nurses (PNs) leave to private nursing or go abroad for better work conditions. The aim of this study was to explore and describe experiences of PNs on the shortage of resources at a tertiary hospital in Tshwane District. The study followed a qualitative, explorative, descriptive design based on phenomenological interpretive approach. Purposive sample of 16 participants were recruited. Unstructured interviews with a grand tour question was used to conduct face-to-face individual interviews. Interviews were recorded and transcribed verbatim. TheTesch’s method of analysis was utilised. Target group was PNs aged between 25 and 65 years who have worked for two or more years in selected units. Experiences of PNs on shortage of resources was reported as the major findings of this study. / Health Studies / M.A. (Nursing Science)

Abstracts in English and Xhosa / Municipality is a sphere of government that is closest to the people and that deals with provision of services to the people of the country on daily basis. Therefore, human resource training is important to grow the skills and knowledge of the employees to improve in service delivery. Training is needed to improve performance and for organisational success. Municipal employees are the face of the government, so their performance is important on how they deliver services to the citizen. Employees in the City of Tshwane Municipality are required to provide effective and efficient, and quality service delivery. A good employee performance is required for effective service delivery, however is not the case in the City of Tshwane Municipality as it displayed by dissatisfaction from the citizen. For instance, of service delivery protests. Training helps and enables the municipal employees to deliver the service better and meet the expectation of citizens. Through training employee performance changes which influences the good service delivery and client’s satisfaction. Ever-changing, rapidly evolving working environment and changes in the needs of citizens, required the City of Tshwane Municipality to have trained and skilled, knowledgeable developed, employee to do the job well and flexible enough to adapt easily and to improve the service delivery. The human resource development is important to ensure that training and development of employees is taking place in the institution. The primary objective of this study seeks to examine whether HRD enhances employee performance in ensuring that service delivery is delivered in an efficient and effective manner. The researcher used qualitative research method to collect data from the City of Tshwane Municipality and questionnaires were used as a tool to collect data. This is qualitative study to get a deeper understanding of how human resource development can enhance employee performance. The main findings drawn from the study indicate that budget cuts and limited funds have a negative impact on training provision. Financial incapability and lack of identifying training needs leads to employees not attending training which in turn affects productivity. For training to continue requires a lot of money, training evaluation and investment specifically budgeted for employee training and development. If employees are not rewarded according to their performance, this leads to low morale and dissatisfaction. The City of Tshwane Municipality (CoT) has a training programme but extensive training is needed on technology especially when it is first introduced. The study recommends that the institution should seek advice and revisit the Skills Development Act, 1998 on increasing the levels of investment in education and training. The institution has to undertake feasibility studies in order to overcome budget. / Iziko ngalinye lidinga abasebenzi abaqeqeshiweyo, abafanelekileyo nabanezakhono ukuze liqhube imisebenzi yalo. Ukungabikho kophuhliso olusebenzayo lwemithombo yoluntu (iHRD – esi sisishunqulelo sesiNgesi esimele ihuman resource development) kuyayichaphazela indlela abasebenza ngayo abasebenzi kwakunye nokunikezelwa kweenkonzo kwicandelo lemisebenzi yoluntu. Injongo yeHRD kumaziko kukunikezela ngoqeqesho lwabasebenzi oludibene nolwazi, izakhono nesimo sengqondo esidingekayo ukuze abasebenzi bayenze ngcono imisebenzi yabo yemihla ngemihla. Kuthi kusenjalo ke, kubekho ucutho lohlahlo lwabiwo mali, ukuthotywa kwesabelo senkxaso mali, ukuhambela phambili kobuchwepheshe nokuncipha kwemithombo, ukuze zonke ezo meko zichaphazele kakubi ukulungiselela uqeqesho, ukusebenza kwabaqeshwa, ukunikezelwa kweenkonzo, nto leyo ithetha ukuba uqeqesho aluqhubeki ngokuthe gqolo. Abaqeshwa abaqeqeshiweyo, abaphuhlisiweyo nabanolwazi bawenza ngcono umsebenzi kwaye bayalinceda iqumrhu ukuba lifezekise iinjongo zalo. Icandelo likawonkewonke kwiSebe lemithombo yoluntu lifanele ukutyala imali ethe chatha kuqeqesho, ukwenzela ukuba abasebenzi bakwazi okulindeleke kubo. Injongo engundoqo yesi sifundo kukufumanisa ukuba ingaba iHRD iyakuqinisa na ukusebenza kwabaqeshwa ekuqinisekiseni ukuba ukunikezelwa kweenkonzo kwenzeka ngendlela esebenzayo nefanelekileyo na. Umphandi usebenzise iindlela zophando ezahlukeneyo ekuqokeleleni iinkcukacha zolwazi kuMasipala weSixeko saseTshwane – ndlela ezo izezokuqwalasela amanani nokuqwalasela ukuzathuza kwabathathi nxaxheba. Izintlu zemibuzo nazo zisetyenzisiwe njengesixhobo sokuqokelela iinkcukacha zolwazi. Okungundoqo okufunyaniswe kwesi sifundo kubonisa ukuba ukucuthwa kwesabelo mali nokunqongophala kwenkxaso mali kube nefuthe elingalunganga ekulungiseleleni uqeqesho. Iingxaki zemali nokungachaneki kakuhle kwezidingo zoqeqesho kukhokelele ekubeni abaqeshwa bangathathi nxaxheba kuqeqesho, nto leyo ichaphazele iziqhamo zomsebenzi. Ukuba ngaba kusafuneka uqeqesho luqhubeke, kudingeka imali eninzi kakhulu, kuvavanywe noqeqesho,kwenziwe utyalo mali olujoliswe ngqo ekuqeqesheni nasekuphuhliseni abasebenzi. Xa abasebezi bengahlawulwa ngokwendlela abasebenza ngayo, oko kukhokela kutyhafo nokunganeliseki kwabasebenzi. UMasipala weSixeko saseTshwane unayo inkqubo yoqeqesho, kodwa kudingeka uqeqesho olumandla kwezobuchwepheshe, ngakumbi xa oku kuqala ukwaziswa. Esi sifundo sicebisa ukuba eli ziko lifune iingcebiso, kwaye liphinde liqwalasele uMthetho Wophuhliso Lwezakhono (iSkills Development Act), yowe-1998, lijonge ekukhuliseni amazinga otyalo mali kwezemfundo noqeqesho. Ngaphaya koko eli ziko kufuneka lenze izifundo zophando lokufaneleka kweenkqubo, ngenjongo yokuhlangabezana nokucuthwa kwesabelo mali, nto leyo iyinxalenye yesi sifundo. / Human Resource Management / M. Admin.

Information and Communication Technology (ICT) has been used widely across the globe for the purpose of improving the quality of both basic and higher education. Lately, different kinds of technologies, such as smart boards, have been incorporated into the teaching and learning process with the aim to contribute to the effectiveness of teaching and learning outcomes. The main aim of this study was to investigate the integration of smart boards by secondary school teachers in the Tshwane West district (Gauteng province) in their business studies teachings. The study focused on the teachers’ perspectives, the challenges they experienced, and the support they required for the integration of smart boards in the classroom. The study used a qualitative research approach to gather and analyse data. Using a multiple case study design, 5 business studies teachers were purposive sampled based on their experience on the use of smart boards. Both semi-structured interviews and non-participant observations were used to collect evidence. Technological and Pedagogical Content Knowledge (TPACK) was used as a framework by which to understand the study. The four pillars of trustworthiness (credibility, transferability, confirmability, and dependability) were applied to ensure trustworthiness of the study results. The ethics guidelines (voluntarily participation, anonymity, confidentiality, and informed consent) were also taken into consideration and applied. The main research question for this study was: How do secondary school teachers integrate smart boards in teaching business studies in the Tshwane West district? The findings suggested that business studies teachers have positive perspectives on the integration of smart boards with the belief that smart boards make their teaching easier and allow them to incorporate a variety of audio and visual material into a lesson. The findings also revealed that teachers face various challenges, such as smart board malfunctioning, computer viruses, and limited time given for the integration of smart boards in the classroom. From the findings, it was clear that teachers had received professional development training on smart board integration, but that the training was inadequate. Despite the challenges that business studies teachers face during the integration of smart boards, the findings of this study indicated that teachers still had an interest in and were willing to integrate smart boards into the classroom. The study recommended that teachers should be provided with sufficient professional development on the integration of smart boards in a business studies classroom, which would improve the level of competency of teachers on smart board integration in the teaching and learning process. / Curriculum and Instructional Studies / M. Ed. (Curriculum Studies)

Health practitioners collect health data on a daily basis at health facility levels in order to monitor and evaluate the performance of priority national health programmes (District Health Plan 2012:6). Routine data quality for health programmes monitoring need a collective intervention to ensure clear understanding for what data to be collected at primary health care setting. The aim of the study is to explore the understanding of routine health data, determine the use of routine data and feedback mechanism at primary health care clinic setting. Quantitative descriptive research design was used to answer the research question on this research study. Structured data collection questionnaire was used for the study to accomplish the research purpose and reach the study objectives. A total of 400 participants was sampled, and 247 responded. One of the findings was that the understanding of routine health data by Health Practitioners was at 82.6% (% = f/n*100, f= 3242 and n= 3926). / Health Studies

Health practitioners collect health data on a daily basis at health facility levels in order to monitor and evaluate the performance of priority national health programmes (District Health Plan 2012:6). Routine data quality for health programmes monitoring need a collective intervention to ensure clear understanding for what data to be collected at primary health care setting. The aim of the study is to explore the understanding of routine health data, determine the use of routine data and feedback mechanism at primary health care clinic setting. Quantitative descriptive research design was used to answer the research question on this research study. Structured data collection questionnaire was used for the study to accomplish the research purpose and reach the study objectives. A total of 400 participants was sampled, and 247 responded. One of the findings was that the understanding of routine health data by Health Practitioners was at 82.6% (% = f/n*100, f= 3242 and n= 3926). / Health Studies