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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Determinacion y tipificacion agronomica de clones de chufa (Cyperus esculentus L.) cultivadas en L'horta Nord de Valencia

Castell Zeising, Vicente 04 June 2009 (has links)
LA PRESENTE TESIS DCOCTORAL ABORDA UN ESTUDIO COMPLEMENTARIO A NUMEROSOS TRABAJOS DE INVESTIGACION LLEVADOS A CABO EN EL DPTO. DE PRODUCCION VEGETAL DE LA U.P.V. SOBRE DIVERSOS ASPECTOS AGRONOMICOS DEL CULTIVO DE CYPERUS ESCULENTUS VAR. SATIVUS (CHUFA). TRAS HABERSE LLEVADO A CABO UNA SELECCION CLONAL, TANTO CON PARTE DEL MATERIAL VEGETAL CULTIVADO EN L'HORTA NORD DE VALENCIA COMO CON MATERIAL FORANEO, SE HA TIPIFICADO ESTE DESDE UNOS PUNTOS DE VISTA MORFOLOGICO Y AGRONOMICO. SE HAN REALIZADO ESTUDIO MORFOLOGICOS Y FISIOLOGICOS SOBRE LAS PLANTAS (ALTURA DE PLANTAS, NUMERO DE BROTES POR PLANTA, EMISION DE INFLORESCENCIAS, EVOLUCION DEL ENCAMADO) Y SOBRE LOS TUBERCULOS (PESO UNITARIO, FORMA (RELACION LONGITUD0ANCHURA), NUMERO DE NUDOS). OTROS ESTUDIOS HAN ABARCADO ASPECTOS PRODUCTIVOS (RENDIMIENTOS, PRODUCCION DE MASA FOLIAR, NUMRO DE TUBERCULOS PRODUCIDOS POR PLANTA) Y LA COMPOSICION QUMICA DE LOS TUBERCULOS (ALMIDON, GRASAS, AZUCARES, PROTEINAS, FIBRA, CENIZAS). ASIMISMO, SE HAN ANALIZADO LAS PROPIEDADES ORGANOLEPTICAS DE LAS HORCHATAS ELABORADAS CON TUBERCULOS DE LOS DISTINTOS CLONES, ASI COMO LA COMPOSICION QUIMICA DE LAS MISMAS. CON TODOS LOS PARAMETROS CONSIDERADOS Y TRAS HABERSE OBTENIDO RESULTADOS DE TRES CAMPAÑAS, SE HA ANALIZADO SU HEREDABILIDAD Y SE HAN PLANTEADO ANALISIS DISCRIMINANTES. DE ESTE MODO HA SIDO POSIBLE DEFINIR GRUPOS DE CLONES CON SIMILAR COMPORTAMIENTO (CUATRO CULTIVARES, DOS DE ELLOS OBTENIDOS A PARTIR DE DOS CLONES CADA UNO) Y SUS PRINCIPALES CARACTERISTICAS, SENTANDO UNAS BASES FIRMES PARA EL PLANTEAMIENTO DE FUTUROS ESTUDIOS DE SELECCION Y MEJORA DEL MATERIAL VEGETAL DE C. ESCULENTUS, TANTO CULTIVADO COMO SUSCEPTIBLE DE SERLO. / Castell Zeising, V. (1996). Determinacion y tipificacion agronomica de clones de chufa (Cyperus esculentus L.) cultivadas en L'horta Nord de Valencia [Tesis doctoral]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/5021
2

Population/ Nonlinear mixed-effects modelling of pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of tuberculosis treatment

Chirehwa, Maxwell Tawanda 24 August 2018 (has links)
The pharmacokinetics of rifampicin, isoniazid, pyrazinamide and ethambutol in TB/HIV coinfected patients recruited in two phase III clinical trials (61 patients in TB-HAART and 222 patients in RAFA study) were described using nonlinear mixed-effects modelling. Concentration-time data for rifampicin (TB-HAART study) was used to develop a semimechanistic pharmacokinetic model incorporating autoinduction and saturable pharmacokinetics. A model describing the pharmacokinetics of pyrazinamide (TB-HAART study) was developed and used to evaluate the 24-hour area under the concentration-time curve (AUC0–24), and maximum concentrations (Cmax) achieved with the currently recommended weight-adjusted doses for drug-susceptible and -resistant tuberculosis. Concentration-time data from the RAFA study were used to characterise the pharmacokinetics of the four drugs of the fixed dose combination (FDC) therapy including desacetyl-rifampicin, and acetyl-isoniazid. Binary recursive techniques were applied in the conditional inference framework to determine predictors including drug exposure of time-to-stable culture conversion and poor long-term treatment outcomes. The model describing the pharmacokinetics of rifampicin predicted that increasing the dose results in a more than proportional increase in exposure. Clearance of rifampicin increased by 90% from baseline to steady-state due to autoinduction and the process takes up to 21 days. Monte Carlo simulations showed that rifampicin doses of at least 25 mg/kg would be required to achieve an AUC0–24/MIC ratio of at least 271. Based on the model describing the pharmacokinetics of isoniazid, co-administration of isoniazid and efavirenz-based antiretroviral therapy results in a 54% reduction in isoniazid exposure only in fast acetylators. There were disparities in exposure across weight bands for all the four drugs: patients with lower weight had reduced exposure. To match drug exposure across the weight bands, we recommend the addition of one FDC tablet to patients with weight less than 55 kg. There is need to explore the use of fat-free mass-adjusted dosing since cumulative evidence shows its superiority over total body weight in driving exposure via allometric scaling for all first-line antituberculosis drugs. Individual drug exposures were not predictive of either time-to-stable culture conversion or long-term tuberculosis treatment outcomes. Baseline X-ray grading, HIV stage as TB diagnosis, and treatment arm were predictive of time-to-stable culture conversion while the presence of cavities, patient’s level of physical activity and CD4 count were the drivers of long-term treatment outcomes.
3

Avaliação da atividade antimicrobiana de extratos vegetais de plantas encontradas no cerrados do sul de minas gerais

CHAVASCO, Juliana Moscardini 15 February 2013 (has links)
O uso indiscriminado de antimicrobianos pode estar associado ao fenômeno da resistência microbiana, levando ao insucesso no tratamento das infecções e impulsionando a busca por novas alternativas terapêuticas, dentre elas, os bioativos obtidos a partir de fontes vegetais. Foi avaliada a atividade antimicrobiana de extratos hidroetanólicos de plantas sobre bactérias Gram positiva, Gram negativa, leveduras, Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37 e Mycobacterium bovis pela técnica de difusão em agar e microdiluição em caldo. Dentre os extratos avaliados pelo método de difusão em agar, o extrato de Bidens pilosa folha apresentou a mais expressiva média de halos de inibição de crescimento frente aos microrganismos utilizados, seguido por Bidens pilosa flor, E. pyriformis folha, M. cauliflora folha e E. pyriformis semente que apresentaram estatisticamente a mesma média de formação de halos inibitórios sobre bactérias Gram positivas, Gram negativas e leveduras. Os extratos de Heliconia rostrata não apresentaram atividade. Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37 e Mycobacterium bovis mostraram-se resistentes a todos os extratos. Dos microrganismos avaliados, as bactérias Gram positivas M. luteus e S. aureus apresentaram o mesmo perfil de sensibilidade (p>0.05). As bactérias Gram negativas E. coli, E. cloacae, S. marcescens e P. aeruginosa também apresentaram o mesmo perfil de sensibilidade frente aos extratos (p>0.05). O perfil de senbilidade dos fungos C. albicans e S. cerevisiae foram comparáveis entre si e entre as bactérias Gram positivas B. subtilis, E. faecalis e Gram negativa S. typhimurium (p>0.05). Os extratos que apresentaram ação inibitória através do ensaio de microdiluição em caldo foram os mesmos extratos ativos no teste de difusão em agar. A avaliação da citotoxicidade foi realizada sobre células C6-36 de larvas de mosquito Aedes albopictus. Os extratos de caule e flor de Heliconia rostrata, folha e caule de Plinia cauliflora, semente de Anonna crassiflora e caule, flor e raiz de Bidens pilosa não apresentaram toxicidade nas concentrações avaliadas. Os maiores índices de seletividade foram apresentados pelos extratos de A. crassiflora caule e B. pilosa flor para S. aureus, apresentando potencial para estudos como futuros candidatos a fármacos. Dos microrganismos avaliados, as bactérias Gram positivas M. luteus e S. aureus apresentaram o mesmo perfil de sensibilidade (p>0.05). Dos microrganismos que apresentaram alguma sensibilidade a qualquer um dos extratos, M. bovis, P. aeruginosa, S. marcescens, E. cloacae e E. coli foram estatisticamente, igualmente os menos sensíveis. Apenas os extratos de B. pilosa folha apresentou igualdade, estatisticamente significativa, da média de efetividade inibitória quando comparado ao controle positivo, a clorexidina / The indiscriminate use of antibiotics may be associated with the phenomenon of microbial resistance, leading to infections treatment failure and boosting the search for new therapeutic alternatives, among them, the bioactive obtained from plant sources. We evaluated the antimicrobial activity of hydroethanolic extracts of plants on Gram positive, Gram negative bacteria, yeasts, Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Mycobacterium bovis H37 through agar diffusion and broth microdilution techniques. Among the extracts evaluated through agar diffusion method, the leaf extract of Bidens pilosa showed the most significant average halos of growth inhibition against microorganisms used, followed by flower of Bidens pilosa leaf E. pyriformis, sheet M. cauliflora seed and E. pyriformis showed that statistically the same average formation of inhibitory halos on Gram positive bacteria, Gram negative bacteria and yeast. Extracts of Heliconia rostrata showed no activity. Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37 were resistant to all extracts. Of the tested microorganisms, Gram positive bacteria M. luteus and S. aureus showed the same sensitivity profile (p> 0.05). Gram negative bacteria E. coli, E. cloacae, S. marcescens and P. aeruginosa also showed the same sensitivity profile compared to extracts (p> 0.05). The sensitivity profile of the fungi C. albicans and S. cerevisiae and were comparable between the Gram-positive B. subtilis, E. faecalis and Gram negative bacteria S. typhimurium (p> 0.05). The extracts which showed inhibitory action by microdilution sample test were the same active extracts as in agar diffusion test. The Cytotoxicity assessment was performed on cell C6-36 larvae of Aedes albopictus. The extracts of Heliconia rostrata’s stem and flower, Plinia cauliflora’s leaf and stem, crassiflora Annona’s seed and stem, Bidens pilosa's root and flower showed no toxicity at the evaluated concentrations. The highest selectivity were presented by stem extracts of A. crassiflora and Bloom B. pilosa as for S. aureus there is potential for studies on future drug candidates. Of the tested microorganisms, Gram positive bacteria M. luteus and S. aureus showed the same sensitivity profile (p> 0.05). The sensitivity profile of the fungi C. albicans and S. cerevisiae and were compared one another and to B. subtilis, E. faecalis Gram positive and S. typhimurium Gram negative bacteria (p> 0.05). Among the microorganisms which showed some sensitivity to any of the extracts, M. bovis, P. aeruginosa, S. marcescens, E. and E. cloacae coli were statistically also less sensitive. Only the leaf extracts of B. pilosa showed statistically significant equality of the average inhibitory effectiveness when compared to the positive control and chlorhexidine
4

Produção e qualidade de cenouras e de beterrabas com aplicação de fertilizantes orgânicos / Production and quality of carrots and table beets with application of organic fertilizers

Lacerda, Yuri Eulalio Raposo 28 February 2014 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2015-09-25T12:22:12Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 PDF - Yuri Eulalio Raposo Lacerda.pdf: 1715184 bytes, checksum: 89f994246a819dc2d82c46e1b1584483 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-02-28 / It was the objective of the present study to analyze the effects of two types of liquid fertilizers (T 1 = based on bovine manure enriched with MB4, Leguminosae and wood ashes and T = based on the urine of lactating cows) and 6 concentrations (C x 1 = 0, C 2 = 10, C 3 = 20, C = 40 and C 6 = 50 ml L -1 ), in the production and quality of production of carrots and beets. The work was conducted in field conditions, in the period of May to September, at the Escola Agrotécnica de Cajueiro, Campus-IV, from the Universidade Federal da Paraíba UEPB, 2 km away from Catolé do Rocha-PB city seat, which is located in the semiarid region of the Northeast of Brazil, northwest of the state of Paraíba. The experimental delineation used was the blocks by chance, in a factorial scheme 2 x 6, therefore, 12 treatments, with 4 repetitions, in a total of 48 experimental units, containing 40 Brasilia carrot plants and 30 Tall Top Early Wonder beets per parcel. The variables analyzed in the production of carrots and beets were diameter, length and weight of the tuberose roots. The quality of the production of these roots measured through the determination of pH, total soluble solids, total titratable acidity, humidity and total solids. The results of the research show evidence that the types and concentrations of the fertilizers didn t affect in a significant way the production of tuberose roots of carrots and beets, as the quality of the production of carrots and beets was not affected by them, with the exception of the parameter total soluble solids ( o Brix) of beets, being the fertilizer concentration of 16,7 ml L which provided the higher value for total soluble solids for the beets. Fertilizers in concentrations over this value provided reduction of total soluble solids of the tuberose roots of beets. The contents of nitrogen and potassium present in the fertilizers applied may have influenced the results of the variables studied. The quantity of bovine manure applied as base fertilizer had a remarkable influence in the non-significant effects of types and concentrations of fertilizers in the variables studied. Independently from the type of fertilization, pH and total titratable acidity of the tuberose roots of carrots and beets, being intrinsic characteristics of the plant itself, they suffered little influence from the mean. / Objetivou-se estudar os efeitos de 2 tipos de fertilizantes líquidos (T = à base de esterco bovino enriquecido com MB4, leguminosa e cinza de madeira e T 2 1 = à base de urina de vaca em lactação) e 6 concentrações (C 1 = 0, C 2 = 10, C 3 = 20, C 4 = 30, C 5 = 40 e C ) na produção e na qualidade da produção de cenouras e de beterrabas. O trabalho foi conduzido em condições de campo, no período de maio a setembro, na Escola Agrotécnica do Cajueiro, Campus-IV, da Universidade Estadual da Paraíba - UEPB, distando 2 km da sede do município de Catolé do Rocha-PB, que está situado na região semiárida do Nordeste brasileiro, no Noroeste do Estado da Paraíba. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o de blocos ao acaso, num esquema fatorial 2 x 6, ou seja, 12 tratamentos, com 4 repetições, totalizando 48 unidades experimentais, contendo 40 plantas de cenoura Brasília e 30 de beterraba Tall Top Early Wonder por parcela. As variáveis analisadas na produção da cenoura e da beterraba foram diâmetro, comprimento e peso das raízes tuberosas. A qualidade da produção dessas raízes foram mensuradas através da determinação do pH, sólidos solúveis totais, acidez total titulável, umidade e sólidos totais. Os resultados da pesquisa evidenciam que os tipos e as concentrações dos fertilizantes não afetaram de forma significativa a produção de raízes tuberosas de cenoura e de beterraba e a qualidade da produção das raízes tuberosas de cenoura e de beterraba não foram afetadas pelos mesmos, com exceção do parâmetro sólidos solúveis totais ( o Brix) da beterraba, sendo a concentração de fertilizante de 16,7 ml L -1 a que proporcionou o maior valor para os sólidos solúveis totais da beterraba. Concentrações de fertilizantes acima deste valor proporcionaram reduções dos sólidos solúveis totais das raízes tuberosas de beterraba. Os teores de nitrogênio e potássio presentes nos fertilizantes aplicados podem ter influenciado nos resultados das variáveis estudadas. A quantidade de esterco bovino aplicada na adubação de fundação teve influência marcante nos efeitos não significativos de tipos e concentrações de fertilizantes nas variáveis estudadas. Independentemente do tipo de adubação, o pH e a acidez total titulável das raízes tuberosas de cenoura e de beterraba, sendo características intrínsecas da própria planta, sofreram pouca influência do meio.
5

Defaulting rate of MDR-TB patients in the MDR unit Limpopo Province

Chauke, Lucky Themba 01 February 2016 (has links)
MCur / Department of Advanced Nursing Science

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