Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-11T13:55:03Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Fabio Alves Gomes.pdf: 2620374 bytes, checksum: 64f9ceefbc5e381c8f730a9ecba77c8a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-08-25 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / The Amazonas State, Brazil is facing a sharp increase of his herd of cattle. Because it contains a lot of land in its territory for conservation purposes there is a need to think about land use, since the existence of the same physical space as different purposes that require use of natural resources. To understand the effects of farming on the areas for protection is necessary to understand the dynamics of activity when carried on or near these areas. This study aimed to contribute to the clarification of this issue by analyzing the type of farming developed within a state conservation unit in the Middle Amazon, in case the Uatumã Sustainable Development Reserve (SDR) located between the municipalities of São Sebastião do Uatumã and Itapiranga, Amazonas State, Brazil. Based on qualitative analysis and spatial study sought to understand: What types of creation are developed? Who are the creators and the principal factors that influence livestock? The research found that the cattle in the Uatumã SDR is marked by low production indices. Although instinctively with notions of management techniques the creators do not develop due to lack of funding and support the extension. Except for vaccination against foot and mouth disease to, any support or encouragement is given to them. The spatial arrangement of the activity is defined largely by the grazing areas. The social arrangement depends on the family structure and level of capitalization of the producer, which makes it able to hire or not outsourced labor. After the creation of SDR labor costs relations have been profoundly changed. The relationship that develops with the government of SDR residents has given more emphasis on repression, prohibition and regulation. Offers few alternatives to substitute activities prohibited by the establishment of the Reserve. / O estado do Amazonas enfrenta atualmente um intenso aumento do seu rebanho bovino. Por conter em seu território muitas terras destinadas a fins conservacionistas surge a necessidade de se pensar acerca do uso da terra, visto a existência no mesmo espaço físico de finalidades que demandam tão diferentes utilizações dos recursos naturais. Para entender os efeitos da pecuária sobre as áreas destinadas a proteção é necessária a compreensão de sua dinâmica quando desenvolvida dentro ou próxima destas áreas. Este estudo visou contribuir com o esclarecimento desta problemática analisando o tipo de criação desenvolvido dentro de uma unidade de conservação estadual na região do Médio Amazonas, no caso a Reserva de Desenvolvimento Sustentável (RDS) do Uatumã, localizada entre os municípios de Itapiranga e São Sebastião do Uatumã. Com base em análises qualitativas e espaciais buscou-se conhecer: Que tipos de criação são desenvolvidos? Quem são os criadores e quais os principais fatores de influência sobre a pecuária? A pesquisa permitiu concluir que a pecuária na RDS do Uatumã é marcada pelos baixos índices zootécnicos. Ainda que instintivamente com noções de técnicas de manejo os criadores não as desenvolvem devido à falta de financiamentos e de apoio na extensão rural. Excetuando-se a vacinação contra a febre aftosa, nenhum tipo de apoio ou incentivo lhes é concedido. O arranjo espacial da atividade é definido em grande medida pelas áreas de pastagem. O arranjo social depende essencialmente da estrutura familiar e do nível de capitalização do produtor, que o torna apto a contratar ou não mão de obra terceirizada. Após a criação da RDS os custos das relações de trabalho foram profundamente alterados. A relação que o poder público mantém com os moradores da UC tem dado mais ênfase à repressão, proibição e normatização e oferece poucas alternativas substitutivas às atividades proibidas em virtude da criação da Reserva.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-11T13:55:09Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Elitania Silva.pdf: 2151295 bytes, checksum: 3b14b7363ca85d5c54529cfb1ba8ef8a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-07-26 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico / This study aimed to analyze the research conducted in the Federal Conservation Units of the Amazon and their implementation on the management of these areas. The study had two aspects: the characteristics of the research undertaken and the use of information from these studies in the management of the Units, 965 surveys conducted in 19 units during the period 1985 to 2009, according to criteria established in the methodology. It was found that 80% of the studies were concentrated in the ARIE PDBFF, while in 12 other conservation areas, though there are more than twenty years, was not even a study found. 23 questionnaires were applied, corresponding to 70% of UCs and approximately 80% of UCs who have a manager. The study made it possible to see that less than 10% of the results obtained from the surveys are incorporated into the PA management, which can be mainly explained by a mismatch between the needs required by managers and these researches. It was also concluded that other factors contribute to make this happen, as the lack of communication between researchers and managers after completing the survey (in many cases managers do not receive the results of the researchers), lack of human resources for assist in the operational tasks in the units, and financial problems to subsidize management. / Neste trabalho se propôs analisar as pesquisas realizadas nas Unidades de Conservação Federais do Amazonas e a aplicação dos resultados das mesmas na gestão dessas áreas. O estudo abordou dois aspectos: as características das pesquisas desenvolvidas e o uso das informações oriundas dessas pesquisas na gestão das Unidades. Foram identificadas e analisadas 965 pesquisas realizadas em 19 unidades no período de 1985 a 2009, segundo critérios estabelecidos na metodologia, o que permitiu constatar que 70 % dos estudos estavam concentrados na Unidade Área de Relevante Interesse Ecológico Projeto Dinâmica Biológica de fragmentos florestais, enquanto em outras 12 UCs, apesar de algumas existirem a mais de vinte anos, não foi constatado um estudo sequer. Foram aplicados 23 questionários, que correspondem a 70% do total de UCs e a aproximadamente 80% das UCs que dispõem de um gestor. O estudo possibilitou constatar que menos de 10% dos resultados obtidos nas pesquisas são incorporadas na gestão UCs, o que pode ser justificado principalmente pela desarticulação entre as necessidades demandadas pelos gestores e essas pesquisas realizadas. Concluiu-se também que outros fatores contribuem para que isto ocorra, como, a falta de uma comunicação entre os pesquisadores e os gestores após o término da pesquisa (os gestores em muitas situações não recebem os resultados dos pesquisadores), carência de recursos humanos para auxiliarem nas tarefas operacionais nas unidades, além de problemas financeiros para subsidiar a gestão.

Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-10T17:51:37Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Maicol_Rafael_Bade_1.pdf: 1030545 bytes, checksum: bf9ee4a18549b826fecb8e56b10ea82a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-03-28 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Studies involving the identification and characterization of landscape units have been performed with good applicability in geographical sciences, particularly as tools for environmental management. These studies, combined with geotechnology, allow its use in several applications, such as the use of radar data SRTM (Shuttle Radar Topography Mission) obtained from the Remote Sensing and used in large scale topographic studies. These tools, typically used techniques based on GIS (Geographic Information System), GPS (Global Positioning System), Geoprocessing and Digital Cartography, have provided significant contributions to the studies of monitoring objects and phenomena of the earth's surface and present themselves as important tools for collecting, processing and analysis of georeferenced data. In this sense, the present work, developed with contributions from geotechnologies, aimed to the definition and characterization of landscape units (morfoescultural units and subunits) from the basin of watershed Paraná III (Brazil / Paraguay), located on the border of Brazil with Paraguay. From the basic (geological and pedological) and themes maps (slope, hypsometry, vertical bend relief and shaded relief), the map of the modeled units was made, differentiated due to topographical similarities, shapes and steepness of the slopes and roughness of the terrain. One used data from the SRTM mission for the preparation of thematic maps. These data were refined from the original resolution of 3 arc-seconds (~ 90m) to 1 arc second (~ 30m) and are available by the National Institute for Space Research (INPE) through TOPODATA project. From the SRTM image, the digital elevation model (DEM) was created, allowing, in this way, to obtain three-dimensional information of the study area (latitude, longitude and altitude), as well as the map of slope, hypsometric, and vertical curvature and shading relief, essential for the delimitation of morfoescultural units and subunits. Based on the taxonomic classification of the relief proposed by Ross (1992), addressed to the third taxon, one identified eight units and three subunits in the basins of Paraná III (Brazil / Paraguay). Four units and three subunits are in Brazilian territory: Subunit of Toledo (1.1.1a), Subunit Santa Tereza do Oeste (1.1.1B), Subunit Nova Santa Rosa (1.1.1C), the San Francisco Unit (1.1.2 ), Unit of Foz do Iguaçu (1.1.3), Unit Marechal Cândido Rondon (1.1.4) and Unit Guaíra (1.1.5). The other four morfoescultural units are located in Paraguayan territory: Unit Santa Fé Del Paraná (1.2.1), Unit of Nueva Esperanza (1.2.2), Unit Corpus Christi (1.2.3) and Unit Salto Del Guairá ( 1.1.4). The case study conducted in the basin of watersheds Paraná III (Brazil / Paraguay) shows that the geotechnologies characterize themselves as indispensable tools in the preparation process of thematic maps, as they provide the processing and analysis of georeferenced data quickly and efficiently, enabling, thus, a better understanding of the landscape, which can bring benefits to both the environmental and territorial planning, as well as for future studies on scales with greater level of detail / Estudos envolvendo a identificação e caracterização das unidades de paisagens vêm sendo realizados com boa aplicabilidade nas ciências geográficas, particularmente como instrumentos da gestão socioambiental. Esses estudos, aliados às geotecnologias, permitem seu uso nas mais diversas aplicações, como a utilização de dados de radar SRTM (Shuttle Radar Topography Mission) obtidos através do Sensoriamento Remoto e utilizados em larga escala nos estudos topográficos. Essas ferramentas, normalmente utilizadas com base nas técnicas de SIGs (Sistema de Informações Geográficas), GPS (Global Positioning System), eoprocessamento e da Cartografia Digital, têm proporcionado significativas contribuições aos estudos de monitoramento de objetos e fenômenos da superfície terrestre e apresentam-se como importantes instrumentos de obtenção, processamento e análise de dados georreferenciados. Nesse sentido, o presente trabalho, elaborado com contribuições das geotecnologias, teve como objetivo a definição e caracterização das unidades de paisagem (unidades e subunidades morfoesculturais) das bacias hidrográficas do Paraná III (Brasil/Paraguai), localizadas na fronteira do Brasil com o Paraguai. A partir das cartas básicas (geológica e pedológica) e temáticas (declividade, hipsometria, curvatura vertical do relevo e do relevo sombreado), foi confeccionada a carta de unidades do modelado, diferenciada em decorrência de semelhanças topográficas, formas e declividade das vertentes e de rugosidade do terreno. Para a elaboração das cartas temáticas, foram utilizados os dados da missão SRTM. Estes dados foram refinados da resolução espacial original de 3 arco-segundos (~90m) para 1 arco-segundo (~30m) e encontram-se disponibilizados pelo Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE) através do projeto TOPODATA. A partir da imagem SRTM, foi criado o modelo digital de elevação (DEM), possibilitando, dessa maneira, a obtenção de informações tridimensionais da área de estudo (latitude, longitude e altitude), como, também, da carta de declividade, hipsométrica, curvatura vertical e do relevo sombreado, essenciais para a delimitação das unidades e subunidades morfoesculturais. Com base na classificação taxonômica do relevo, proposta por Ross (1992), contemplada até o terceiro táxon, identificaram-se oito unidades e três subunidades nas bacias hidrográficas do Paraná III (Brasil/Paraguai). Quatro unidades e três subunidades estão no território brasileiro: Subunidade de Toledo (1.1.1A), Subunidade de Santa Tereza do Oeste (1.1.1B), Subunidade de Nova Santa Rosa (1.1.1C), Unidade do São Francisco (1.1.2), Unidade de Foz do Iguaçu (1.1.3), Unidade de Marechal Cândido Rondon (1.1.4) e Unidade de Guaíra (1.1.5). As outras quatro unidades morfoesculturais localizam-se em território paraguaio: Unidade de Santa Fé Del Paraná (1.2.1), Unidade de Nueva Esperanza (1.2.2), Unidade de Corpus Christi (1.2.3) e Unidade de Salto Del Guairá (1.1.4). O estudo de caso realizado nas bacias hidrográficas do Paraná III (Brasil/Paraguai) demonstra que as geotecnologias caracterizam-se como ferramentas indispensáveis no processo de elaboração de cartas temáticas, pois proporcionam o processamento e a análise de dados georreferenciados de forma rápida e eficiente, permitindo, assim, um melhor entendimento das paisagens, o que pode trazer subsídios tanto para o planejamento ambiental e territorial, como também para os futuros estudos em escalas com maior nível de detalhe

Orientador: Marcos de Souza Queiroz / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciencias Medicas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-04T12:17:20Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Combinato_DeniseStefanoni_M.pdf: 8438347 bytes, checksum: 96316422a0f5fa24327723cbbeaa24d7 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2005 / Resumo: A morte faz parte do processo de desenvolvimento humano e está presente no cotidiano do profissional da saúde que trabalha em Unidade de Terapia Intensiva.À partir do século xx, a morte foi escondida e negada pela cultura ocidental. Ela deixou de ser entendida como um fenômeno natural e tomou-se sinônimo de fracasso e impotência. Diante deste cenário, o objetivo desta pesquisa foi investigar a concepção de morte para profissionais da saúde que trabalham em Unidade de Terapia Intensiva, como essa concepção foi construída e como se manifesta na atuação prática, de maneira que possam ser identificados elementos, relacionados a esse tema, que dificultam o desenvolvimento da atividade ou que geram insatisfaçãono trabalhador. Participaram dessa pesquisa 13 profissionais da saúde com nível superior, sendo três médicas, três médicos, seis enfermeiras e um enfermeiro vinculados à Unidade de Terapia Intensiva (unidade adulto) de um hospital estadual de grande porte do interior do Estado de São Paulo. Os dados foram coletados através de entrevista individual semi-estruturada gravada em fita cassete. Foi realizada análise qualitativa dos dados, através da análise de conteúdo, de acordo com o método explicativo de Vigotski. Constituiu o eixo temático as categorias psicossociais representação social e consciência de acordo com a abordagem Sócio-Histórica. Como conclusão, destaca-se a ausência do processo de orientação Profissional e a deficiência na formação profissional - além da questão sócio-culturalmais ampla- como aspectos que não favorecem o desenvolvimento satisfatório da atividade, tendo o profissional dificuldade para lidar com o processo de morte. Ressalta-se a necessidade de mudança no paradigma da ciência do cuidado; a importância da orientação profissional e a priorização da educação sobre a morte e o mon-er no processo de formação profissional e no contexto organizacional / Abstract: Death is part of the process of human development and it is present in the every day life.of a health professionalworking in an Intensive Care Unit. This is due to the fact that ITomthe 20th Century, westem culture has considered the grieving process to be something which should be hidden and denied. Instead of being undestood as a natural phenomenon, grief has become synonymous of wea1mess and impotence. The objective of this research was to investigate the representation of death among health professionals who work in an Intensive Care Unit, how this perception was built and how it manifests itself in rea1ity.This was performance in order to identify culturals psychologica1 aspects related to the grieving process which could be identified as causing difficulties for health professionals in their day-to-day work and which could, in tum, cause worker dissatisfaction. Thirteen health professionals participated in this research - six doctors (3 men and 3 women) and seven nurses (1 man and 5 women) - alI of whom were linked to the adult section of an Intensive Care Unit in a large, hospital in the state of Sao Paulo. Data were collected through a semi-structured interview recorded on cassette. Qualitative data were analysied according to Vygotski's methodology and theory. The thematic aspects were divided into the following categories: psycho-social, social representation and conscience (according to the Socio-Historic Relevance). In conclusion, the lack of training to cope with death as part of the professional's orientation and training constitute crucial aspect which make it difficult for the professional to face death as a natural processo The need for change, the importance of professional orientation and the priority of education about death in the professional training process are self-evident / Mestrado / Enfermagem e Trabalho / Mestre em Enfermagem

M. Ing. / Reliability is basically the measure of performance, it is the probability that a system or component will perform its required task without failure under certain conditions for a given period of time [1]. As systems have become more complex in recent time the need for reliability within that system has become more and more important, safety, productivity and profit are three factors that have also demanded an increased level of reliability [2]. The reliability of an industrial gear unit comes from the reliability of all the individual components within the gear unit. Bearing lives are often the limiting factor of a gear unit and more often than not the lubrication becomes contaminated through insufficient maintenance practices, operational practices and harsh environments. This then results in the premature bearing failures within the gear unit. If the gear unit’s “health” can be monitored and imminent failures are known then the unit can be taken out of service and replaced or repaired prior to failure and during scheduled maintenance periods, this will then reduce overall repair costs and drastically reduce unscheduled maintenance time and cost.

Introduction: Patients with acute kidney injury (AKI) in developing countries are described in a profile of young age, with less comorbidities, with unifactorial, and with a lower mortality compared to patients in developed countries. Objective: To assess mortality in patients with acute kidney injury undergoing hemodialysis (HD) and its associated factors in a developing country setting. Methods: Retrospective study. Demographic, clinical, and mortality variables were collected from patients who presented AKI and underwent HD between January 2014 and December 2015 at a national reference hospital in Lima, Peru. Risk ratios (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) were estimated through Poisson regressions. Results: Data from 72 patients with AKI that underwent HD were analyzed, 66.7% of them were < 64 years old, and 40.2% of all patients died undergoing HD. Crude analysis showed higher mortality among those who used vasopressors, but lower mortality among those with creatinine values > 8.9 mg/ dL. The adjusted analysis showed that having had a creatinine level of > 8.9 mg/ dL, compared to a creatinine level of < 5.2 mg/dL at the time of initiating HD, was associated with 74% less probability of death. Conclusion: Four out of every ten AKI patients undergoing HD die. Higher levels of creatinine were associated with lower probability of mortality.

D.Cur. (Intensive General Nursing) / Critical care nursing is cost-effective quality nursing to the critical ill patient. This nursing is inftuenced by certain expectations as well as the professional-ethical authorisation. The aim ofthis study is to describe and explore the expectations and the professional-ethical authorisation of the functions of the critical care nurse to enable the formulation ofguidelines for the scope of practice for the critical care nurse within South African context. Phase I was to determine the expectations of the critical care nurse, the nursing service managers and the doctors with regard to the functions of the critical care nurse. A focus group interview was held with a group of experts in the field of critical care. The results were used to compile a questionnaire. This questionnaire was sent to the critical care nurses, the nursing service managers and the doctors in South Africa for completion. From these results the functions of the critical care nurse were determined. Phase 2 is to analyse the expectations (Phase 1) according to the professional-ethical authorisation of the critical care nurse. Firstly, literature was explored and described to determine the professional ethicalauthorisation regarding the accountability ofthe critical care nurse. Secondly, the functions were analysed according to the professional-ethical authorisation. The analysis showed that except for prescribing medication, altering medication dosages and drawing blood samples from the critical ill patient, the critical care nurse is practicing within her professional-ethical authorisation. Phase 3 was to formulate guidelines for the scope of practice for the critical care nurse within a South African context. Through usage of the data (Phase I and 2) the scope of practice was formulated. Guidelines were formulated for the practise, education and research regarding the limitations of the professional-ethical authorization and the implementation of the scope of practice for the critical care nurse.

Magister Educationis (Adult Learning and Global Change) - MEd(AL) / This paper documents a case study of the Innovation and Development Divisions of two public FET Colleges. The research asked the following question:How do FET College educators explain the role and function of college occupational training units. / South Africa

No description available.

The penetration of renewable energy sources has increased significantly in recent years due to the ongoing depletion of conventional resources and the transition to a low carbon energy system. Renewable energy sources such as wind energy are highly intermittent and unpredictable in nature, which makes the operation of the power grid more dynamic and therefore more complex. In order to operate the power system reliably under such conditions, Phasor Measurement Units (PMUs) through the use of satellite technology can offer a state-of-the-art Wide Area Monitoring System (WAMS) for improving power system monitoring, control and protection. They can improve the operation by providing highly precise and synchronised measurements near to real-time with higher frequency and accuracy. In order to achieve such objectives, a high-speed and reliable communications infrastructure is required to transfer time-critical PMU data from remote locations to the control centre. The signals measured by PMUs are transmitted across Local and Wide Area Networks, where they may encounter excessive delays. Signal delays can have a disruptive effect and make applications at best inefficient and at worse ineffective. The main research contribution of this thesis is the performance evaluation of communication infrastructures for WAMS. The evaluation begins from inside substations and continues over wide areas from substations to control centre. Through laboratory-based investigations and simulations, the performance of communications infrastructure in a typical power system substation has been analysed. In addition, the performance evaluation of WAMS communications infrastructure has been presented. In the modelling and analysis, an existing WAMS as installed on the GB transmission system has been considered. The actual PMU packets as received at the Phasor Data Concentrator (PDC) were captured for latency analysis. A novel algorithmic procedure has been developed and implemented to automate the large-scale latency calculations. Furthermore, the internal delays of PMUs have been investigated, determined and analysed. Subsequently, the WAMS has been simulated and detailed comparisons have been performed between the simulated model results and WAMS performance data captured from the actual WAMS. The validated WAMS model has been used for analysing possible future developments as well as to test newly proposed mechanisms, protocols, etc. in order to improve the communications infrastructure performance.