La «loi de persistance du plan», appliquée autrefois par J. Sauvaget à Damas, se montre féconde pour Jérusalem. Selon ce principe, l’analyse des quartiers septentrionaux de la ville délimités par le «deuxième mur», respectivement intra-muros et extra-muros à l’ouest et à l’est, en manifeste le réseau viaire originel et son évolution. Les récents progrès réalisés à propos de l’arpentage antique, confrontés à la reconsidération de l’arc de l’Ecce Homo, fonction et chronologie – une porte urbaine hérodienne plutôt qu’un arc de triomphe d’Hadrien –, mettent en évidence un urbanisme soigné conçu par Jean Hyrcan autour d’une patte d’oie centrée sur la porte septentrionale de la ville (l’actuelle porte de Damas). Hérode le Grand, dont les grands travaux ont tendance à occulter ce qui précède, dut composer avec l’urbanisme bien-pensé de Hyrcan, développant un nouveau quartier orthonormé au nord du temple, auquel l’arc de l’Ecce Homo donnait accès. Hadrien ne fit qu’embellir selon la mode de son époque, y ajoutant les organes vitaux d’une colonie romaine. Le grand forum d’Ælia fut dominé par le temple capitolin ad orientem. L’ancienne esplanade du temple juif fut transformée en aedes dédié au culte impérial : une statue équestre de l’empereur y trônait près du lieu le plus sacré du temple juif. L’histoire mouvementée de la ville ne parvint jamais à occulter le réseau viaire hasmonéen, encore utilisé de nos jours par les hiérosolymitains aux abords de la porte de Damas. / The "law of persistence of the plan", formerly applied by J. Sauvaget in Damascus, is proving fruitful for Jerusalem. The analysis, according to this principle, of the northern districts of the city delimited by the "Second Wall", respectively intramural and extramural to the west and east, shows the original urban network and its evolution. Advances in the science of ancient surveying, coupled with the reconsideration of the function and dating of the Ecce Homo arch – a Herodian urban gate rather than a triumphal arch of Ælia Capitolina – highlight a careful urbanism designed by John Hyrcanos around a three ways junction centred on the northern gate of the city (the current Damascus gate). Herod the Great himself, whose major works tend to obscure the above, had to deal with the well-thought-out urban planning of the high priest, developing a new orthonormal district north of the Temple. Hadrian only embellished the whole according to the fashion of his time, adding the vital organs of a Roman colony. The great forum of Ælia was dominated by the Capitolin Temple ad orientem and the former esplanade of the Jewish Temple was transformed into an aedes dedicated to imperial cult: an equestrian statue of the emperor was enthroned near the most sacred place of the Jewish Temple. The city's eventful history never succeeded in obscuring the Hasmonaean road network, which is still used today by hierosolymitans around the Damascus Gate.

O presente trabalho apresenta o conceito de portal urbano rodoviário como a porta de entrada de uma cidade. Analisa portais de seis cidades: Londrina (PR), Jaú (SP), Vitória (ES), Brasília (DF), Cuiabá (MT), e Goiânia (GO), projetados por arquitetos de renome, como Vilanova Artigas, Carlos Maximiliano Fayet, Lucio Costa e Paulo Mendes da Rocha, sua importância para o desenvolvimento da cidade em que se encontra e sua possível descaracterização, pois estudos a respeito dessa apropriação espacial nas edificações públicas projetadas com o cuidado de fornecer ambientes agradáveis ao usuário, merecem destaque entre as publicações da área de arquiteturae urbanismo. Essas análises têm início à luz de um contexto histórico sociocultural em que se ergueram tais portais, no glamour do modernismo e influências das escolas paulista e carioca, envolvendo questões de tipologia entre outras, evoluindo para a realidade atual, na qual algumas edificações se encontram em funcionamento, de acordo com a atividade proposta ainda em projeto, sem deixar de levar em consideração a recente possibilidade de transformação do espaço oferecido por esses edifícios, em razão da ocupação de um centro de lojas e lanchonetes. / The present work introduces the concept of an urban road gate as the main entrance of a city. Therefore, it analyses the gates present in six cities: Londrina(PR), Jaú (SP), Vitória (ES), Brasília (DF), Cuiabá (MT), and Goiânia (GO) which all of them have been designed by famous architects, such as: Vilanova Artigas, Carlos Maximiliano Fayet, Lucio Costa e Paulo Mendes da Rocha. The present study, analyses the importance of the gates to the development of the city in which it was built and its possible mischaracterizing, once it is important that studies are carried regarding the present usage of this typology of building, which was conceived with the purpose of providing pleasurable public spaces to the general population and due to that, these gates deserve distinction among the publications about architecture and urbanism. The studies about the gates start with the understanding of the social cultural context in which they were designed and built, the glamour of modernism and the influences of the architectural production of Rio de Janeiro (RJ) and São Paulo (SP) concerning subjects as typology and others, evolving until the actual situation, where some of the buildings still working and functioning, following the activities proposed in the original design, as well as the recent possibility of transformation of these spaces, due to the creation of a commercial center and food chains.

O presente trabalho apresenta o conceito de portal urbano rodoviário como a porta de entrada de uma cidade. Analisa portais de seis cidades: Londrina (PR), Jaú (SP), Vitória (ES), Brasília (DF), Cuiabá (MT), e Goiânia (GO), projetados por arquitetos de renome, como Vilanova Artigas, Carlos Maximiliano Fayet, Lucio Costa e Paulo Mendes da Rocha, sua importância para o desenvolvimento da cidade em que se encontra e sua possível descaracterização, pois estudos a respeito dessa apropriação espacial nas edificações públicas projetadas com o cuidado de fornecer ambientes agradáveis ao usuário, merecem destaque entre as publicações da área de arquiteturae urbanismo. Essas análises têm início à luz de um contexto histórico sociocultural em que se ergueram tais portais, no glamour do modernismo e influências das escolas paulista e carioca, envolvendo questões de tipologia entre outras, evoluindo para a realidade atual, na qual algumas edificações se encontram em funcionamento, de acordo com a atividade proposta ainda em projeto, sem deixar de levar em consideração a recente possibilidade de transformação do espaço oferecido por esses edifícios, em razão da ocupação de um centro de lojas e lanchonetes. / The present work introduces the concept of an urban road gate as the main entrance of a city. Therefore, it analyses the gates present in six cities: Londrina(PR), Jaú (SP), Vitória (ES), Brasília (DF), Cuiabá (MT), and Goiânia (GO) which all of them have been designed by famous architects, such as: Vilanova Artigas, Carlos Maximiliano Fayet, Lucio Costa e Paulo Mendes da Rocha. The present study, analyses the importance of the gates to the development of the city in which it was built and its possible mischaracterizing, once it is important that studies are carried regarding the present usage of this typology of building, which was conceived with the purpose of providing pleasurable public spaces to the general population and due to that, these gates deserve distinction among the publications about architecture and urbanism. The studies about the gates start with the understanding of the social cultural context in which they were designed and built, the glamour of modernism and the influences of the architectural production of Rio de Janeiro (RJ) and São Paulo (SP) concerning subjects as typology and others, evolving until the actual situation, where some of the buildings still working and functioning, following the activities proposed in the original design, as well as the recent possibility of transformation of these spaces, due to the creation of a commercial center and food chains.

O presente trabalho apresenta o conceito de portal urbano rodoviário como a porta de entrada de uma cidade. Analisa portais de seis cidades: Londrina (PR), Jaú (SP), Vitória (ES), Brasília (DF), Cuiabá (MT), e Goiânia (GO), projetados por arquitetos de renome, como Vilanova Artigas, Carlos Maximiliano Fayet, Lucio Costa e Paulo Mendes da Rocha, sua importância para o desenvolvimento da cidade em que se encontra e sua possível descaracterização, pois estudos a respeito dessa apropriação espacial nas edificações públicas projetadas com o cuidado de fornecer ambientes agradáveis ao usuário, merecem destaque entre as publicações da área de arquiteturae urbanismo. Essas análises têm início à luz de um contexto histórico sociocultural em que se ergueram tais portais, no glamour do modernismo e influências das escolas paulista e carioca, envolvendo questões de tipologia entre outras, evoluindo para a realidade atual, na qual algumas edificações se encontram em funcionamento, de acordo com a atividade proposta ainda em projeto, sem deixar de levar em consideração a recente possibilidade de transformação do espaço oferecido por esses edifícios, em razão da ocupação de um centro de lojas e lanchonetes. / The present work introduces the concept of an urban road gate as the main entrance of a city. Therefore, it analyses the gates present in six cities: Londrina(PR), Jaú (SP), Vitória (ES), Brasília (DF), Cuiabá (MT), and Goiânia (GO) which all of them have been designed by famous architects, such as: Vilanova Artigas, Carlos Maximiliano Fayet, Lucio Costa e Paulo Mendes da Rocha. The present study, analyses the importance of the gates to the development of the city in which it was built and its possible mischaracterizing, once it is important that studies are carried regarding the present usage of this typology of building, which was conceived with the purpose of providing pleasurable public spaces to the general population and due to that, these gates deserve distinction among the publications about architecture and urbanism. The studies about the gates start with the understanding of the social cultural context in which they were designed and built, the glamour of modernism and the influences of the architectural production of Rio de Janeiro (RJ) and São Paulo (SP) concerning subjects as typology and others, evolving until the actual situation, where some of the buildings still working and functioning, following the activities proposed in the original design, as well as the recent possibility of transformation of these spaces, due to the creation of a commercial center and food chains.