In the schools of Utah, as elsewhere in the nation, a situation has arisen which is of vital importance to the continuance of orchestral music. We find, on the basis of casual observation, that the string instruments are not being taught on an equal basis with the band instruments. It is generally assumed that band and orchestra instruction are equally desirable in an instrumental program. Unfortunately, many school authorities are not aware of the necessity of such equal opportunities for school children and as a result we may find string music relegated to an insecure position in our educational system.

The ruffed grouse (Bonasa umbellus incana) inhabits much of the deciduous woodland of northern and central Utah. Its distribution is confined mainly to the Wasatch and Uinta mountain ranges. It has been observed in willows (Salix spp.) at 5, 000 feet elevation and in Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) at 9,000 feet.

The American College Testing Program's Institutional Self-Study Survey was used in this study to consider USU students' goals, achievements, and evaluations of their collegiate experience. Goals included were students' educational majors, vocational plans, final college degree sought, and the relative importance attached to attaining Vocational, Academic, Social, and Non-Conventional goals. Achievements studied were both intellectual and nonacademic out-of-class accomplishments, and students' perceived progress in achieving Intellectual-Humanistic, Group-Welfare, Scientific-Independent, and Practical-status outcomes of their collegiate experience. Student evaluations of instructors, college services, selected policies, practices, facilities, and required courses were also studied. National normative data were compared with USU data in all areas of the study. Compared with the national norms, USU student goals were found to be directed toward attaining specific vocational skills and less toward postgraduate training. USU students were generally found to have more achievements in both intellectual and non-academic areas. They rated college services, rules governing students, and academic facilities highly; instructors comparable to other universities; and cultural programs and recreational facilities relatively low.

Traffic safety involves accident-free movement of physical entities. It includes all means of transportation and is a function of mobility, an important variable affecting directly the mortality rate and increase of accidents. All transportation groups have coincidentally with or without increase of mobility been attempting to reduce accidents. Those notably succeeding are the shipping, railroad, and airline interests. The operating motor vehicle and pedestrian groups have failed conspicuously. The early means of attaining a better degree of traffic safety in the motor vehicle and pedestrian groups were based on opinions, and though rational, were incomplete because of the dynamic and static factors involved were not considered as a whole. The real solution lay in coordination and more effective legislation, motor vehicle administration, enforcement, engineering, personnel training, education, and research. The extensive scope of the field of traffic safety engineering could not be completely covered in this tehsis; wherefore, and attempt has been made to present the traffic safety situation in Utah and to venture a limited account of traffic safety engineering procedures for solution of a few accident situations

In 1891, Utah State University began offering a two-year business course to its students. With this early beginning, Utah State Claims the second oldest business school west of the Mississippi River. In 1900, the School of Commerce was organized. It was not until 1956, the beginning year for this study, that the College of Business and Social Studies came into being. Prior to 1956, the only majors available to business students were Business Administration and Business Management. In 1957, Accounting, Industrial Management, and Merchandising majors were offered. The department began to expand and diversify the curriculum. Changes were made to modernize the department and bring it closer to the structure of leading business schools throughout the nation. The major of Business Administration was dropped in 1960, since it was felt that this course of study was too general for today's business student. The year 1960 also saw the course offerings in Merchandising become streamlined. Some courses were dropped and new courses added, and the name of this major was changed to marketing. In 1961, the majors of Business Management and Industrial Management were dropped from the curriculum and the new major of Production Management replaced them in 1962. In 1962, Finance and Personnel majors were also added to bring the department to its present form.

The purpose of this study was to analyze the word processing procedures in the offices of the President and Provost at Utah State University. Seven secretaries participated in the survey by completing a questionnaire and keeping a record of all typing and nontyping tasks performed during two nonconsecutive weeks. A combined total of 9035 lines (average 12 words per line) of typing was completed by all workers. Ninety-nine percent of the typing was classified as text in format and originated in one of several ways including: copy type, shorthand, revision, self composition, machine dictation, and longhand. Recommendations based on the data collected were made regarding the word processing system analyzed. Recommendations included the implementation of a semi-consolidated word processing system and the addition of standardized dictating equipment and a magnetic medium typewriter.

Soil erosion was assessed at Camp Williams National Guard Base by creating an erosion risk classification map and comparing the erosion impact of disturbance regimes on different hillslopes. Soil erosion does not appear to be a problem for most of Camp Williams. The Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation was applied using GIS to create a soil erosion risk map for the entire Camp Williams facility. The map indicated where problem areas occurred and showed relative erosion risk, but its lack of quantitative accuracy should be noted. Areas of concern included landscapes with little or no protective vegetation such as roads, abandoned agricultural fields, and sensitive riparian areas where gullies tend to form and expand. The Water Erosion Prediction Project model was used to evaluate the erosion impacts of various disturbances on five study hillslopes. The model did not appear to function well on the Camp Williams study hillslopes because the distribution of infiltration rates could not be satisfactorily represented. However, hydraulic conductivity measurements collected for this task were useful in providing insight into some of the physical processes of erosion. The hydraulic conductivity measurements showed some of the impacts of military activities, grazing, and wildfire on soil properties. Erosion bridges were also used on the five study hillslopes in an attempt to measure soil Joss and deposition. However, the bridges Jacked the capability of measuring the low rates of erosion during the time period set for this experiment. The bridges showed potential for measuring erosion in rills, gullies, highly disturbed areas, or in longer duration experiments.

The headwaters of the Bear River in the Uinta Mountains of Utah provide a good setting in which to examine the influence of geological materials on stream chemistry. Ionic contributions to the stream-water from soils, vegetation, and the atmosphere generally are sparse enough that they do not mask the geologic contributions. Samples from 37 sites on the four major headwater streams and several minor tributaries were examined geochemically. Data derived from the samples allowed the construction of a hydrogeochemical weathering model specific to the study area. A significant feature of this model is that carbonic acid is the dominant chemical agent involved in geochemical weathering. The aim of this study was to examine the geologic influences on river chemistry. However, atmospheric contributions dominate the hydrochemistry through at least the first 10 kilometers of stream length for the easternmost three of the four major headwater streams. Except for the atmospheric contribution, surface-water chemistry is dominated by the groundwater chemistry, which is indelibly marked by the lithology the groundwater passes through. Other geologic factors in the study area that appear to influence groundwater chemistry, and hence stream chemistry, are the glacial till and outwash deposits and a major zone of east-west trending high-angle thrust faults. A technique for estimating the hydrochemistry of the groundwater based on surface-water chemistry and flow measurements was developed in this study.

A series of grazing trials were conducted on high elevation summer range near Cedar City, Utah . Cattle and sheep were stocked alone and in common in .4 hectare (ha) paddocks. Stocking rates were .76 ha/AUM in 1981 and .60 ha/AUM in 1982. Vegetation measurements were taken before and after grazing treatments to quantify vegetation disappearance. Diet samples were collected from esophageally fistulated sheep in the paddocks before grazing treatments were applied. After a predetermined level of forage utilization was achieved, the paddocks were re-sampled by the esophageally fistulated sheep to examine diets consumed from the forage-reduced vegetation. Behavioral observations were made throughout the trials on sheep grazing alone and with cattle. The length of time sheep spent at a feeding station, feeding station interval, was measured. Sheep ate less grass and more forbs and shrubs than cattle. Cattle showed a strong reluctance to browse snowberry (Symphoricarpos oreophilus) even when the herbaceous vegetation was greatly reduced. Utilization of grasses, forbs and shrubs in the common use paddocks did not represent an average of the utilization by cattle and sheep each grazing alone. Cattle and sheep grazing together used more forage, especially snowberry, than calculated from single use averages. The diets of esophageally fistulated sheep were altered by the various grazing treatments. Diets consumed from previously ungrazed paddocks were higher in forbs, in vitro organic matter digestibility (IVOMD) and crude protein (CP) and lower in fiber than those diets consumed after paddocks had been grazed. Sheep consumed diets higher in IVOMD but lower in CP in paddocks previously grazed by sheep than where cattle had grazed alone or in commonly grazed paddocks. Sheep selected diets from the remaining herbaceous layer when grazing after sheep but ate mostly snowberry when grazing after cattle. Diets of sheep consumed subsequent to common use grazing were intermediate containing both snowberry and grasses. Sheep adjusted their feeding behavior as the grazing trials progressed by increasing the number of brief feeding station intervals. This trend was consistent regardless of whether sheep grazed alone or in common with cattle. However, when sheep grazed with cattle, longer feeding station station intervals persisted further into the grazing trials indicating that amounts of acceptable forage per feeding station were not reduced as quickly as when sheep grazed alone.

The economic effects, to the Utah range-sheep operation and to the economy of the state of Utah, of predation upon sheep were studied by use of a personal interview survey. This survey sampled 20 percent of the range-sheep operations in Utah. The sheep and lamb death loss from predation was found to be 61.0 sheep and lambs per 1,000 head of ewes in fiscal 1969. The survey. also showed that 71.36 percent of the losses were lambs and 28.64 percent were ewes. The total economic·lpss to Utah sheep ranchers was calculated to be 1,062,502 dollars as a result of predation, in fiscal year 1969. Using the Type II multiplier of 4.330 for the livestock industry, published by the University of Utah, the total economic loss, resulting from predation upon sheep and lambs, to all sectors of the economy of the state of Utah, was determined as 3,901,854 dollars The bounty system was found to be the least costly method of controlling predators, followed by private control methods. The Utah District, Division of Wildlife Services, had the highest control cost per predator, and this increased drastically when a change of name and changes in personnel and policies were instituted for this federal predator control agency.