Orientador: Sergio Antonio De Bortoli / Banca: Robson Thomaz Thuler / Banca: Rogéria Inês Rosa Lara / Resumo: O trabalho foi desenvolvido no Laboratório de Biologia e Criação de Insetos (LBCI) da FCAV - UNESP - Jaboticabal, para avaliar os aspectos biológicos e a taxa de consumo do predador Orius insidiosus (Say, 1832) (Hemiptera: Anthocoridae), alimentando-se de ovos e lagartas de segundo ínstar de Plutella xylostella (L., 1758) (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae) e em ovos de Anagasta kuehniella (Zeller, 1879) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) (considerado tratamento testemunha). Para as espécies estudadas, O. insidiosus apresentou um período ninfal maior quando alimentado com lagartas de P. xylostella. O consumo total, durante a fase ninfal, foi maior quando alimentados com ovos de A. kuehniella, ovos e lagartas de P. xylostella, respectivamente. Na fase adulta, o período de pré-oviposição foi menor para os insetos alimentados com lagartas de P. xylostella, o que resultou em um encurtamento nessa fase biológica do predador. Os ovos de P. xylostella foram nutricionalmente mais adequados ao desenvolvimento de O. insidiosus. Para os ovos de P. xylostella, O. insidiosus apresentou curva de resposta funcional tipo II e mostrou uma tendência de estabilização nas densidades mais altas. A taxa de ataque (a) foi de 0,0127 ovos/hora e 0,00233 lagartas/hora e o tempo de manipulação (Th) foi de 1,4037 horas e de 2,7903 horas, para ovos e lagartas de P. xylostella, respectivamente. / Abstract: This study was done at the Laboratório de Biologia e Criação de Insetos (LBCI) at FCAV - UNESP - Jaboticabal, to assess the biological aspects and the rate of consumption of the predator Orius insidiosus (Say, 1832) (Hemiptera: Anthocoridae), feeding on eggs and second instar larvae of Plutella xylostella (L., 1758) (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae) and on eggs of Anagasta kuehniella (Zeller, 1879) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) (considered to be check treatment). For the species studied, O. insidiosus presented a longer nymph period when fed with P. xylostella caterpillars. Total consumption, during the nymph stage, was greater for A. kuehniella eggs, P. xylostella eggs and caterpillars, respectively. In the adult phase, the preoviposition period was shorter for the insects fed on P. xylostella caterpillars, demonstrating a shortening of this biological phase in the predator. The eggs of P. xylostella were nutritionally better suited to the development of O. insidiosus. For the eggs of P. xylostella, O. insidiosus presented a type II functional response curve, showing a tendency to stabilize in higher densities. The searching rate (a) was 0.0127 eggs/hour and 0.00233 caterpillars/hour and the handling time (Ht) was 1.4037 hours and 2.7903 hours, for P. xylostella eggs and caterpillars, respectively. / Mestre

This thesis evaluates several aspects of the cognitive modeling tools, using a questionnaire as the survey method. We try to assess the the suitability for cognitive modeling task of the cognitive modeling tools, from the perspective of international community of cognitive modeling tool users. Part of this assessment is done with respect to general usability of software and the rest is specialized for the cognitive modeling issues. Frequency and correlation analyses reveal that there is a significant relationship between suitability as a software product and suitability as a cognitive modeling tool. Specifically, there are correlations between the features of the tool involving flexibility, presentation of input and output and the process of design, implementation and evaluation of a cognitive modeling tool, while these processes are negatively related to adversely effecting features of the tool, such as having to do extra tasks that are not related to the actual task. Our study confirms that a cognitive modeling tool can also be evaluated from the perspective of a general purpose software product, and also gives clues about directions for improvement to tool developers.

This thesis focuses on modeling Expectation-Violation Effect, which is the superior recall of weakly associated pairs of words over strongly associated pairs. The goal of this thesis is to provide an exploratory computational model. A virtual experiment is conducted based on the datasets used in the psychological experiment by Amster et al. (1992). The computational modeling of this phenomenon is carried in the medium of ACT-R cognitive architecture.

This thesis is about diagrammatic reasoning and error-finding in conceptual modeling diagrams. Specifically, the differences of the cognitive strategies and behaviors of notation-familiar participants versus domain-familiar participants working on conceptual modeling diagrams are inspected. The domain-familiar participants are experienced in the topic being represented, but they do not have any formal training in software development representations. On the other hand, the notation-familiar participants are educated in software representations, but unfamiliar with the topic represented. The main experiment and the follow-up experiment also aim to study how some properties of diagrams affect the error-finding behaviors. The participant groups&rsquo / performances in the main experiment are investigated and compared by the analysis of verbal protocol data and eye movement data. The combination of the two different methods enhances detailed analyses. In the follow-up experiment, only eye movement data is involved to evaluate how some properties of diagrams affect problem-solving. By means of both experiments, it is concluded that diagrammatic complexity has a negative effect on reasoning whereas the degree of causal chaining improves diagrammatic reasoning. In the main experiment, some differences in the diagrammatic reasoning processes between the groups are observed, too. The notation-familiar participants are observed to be more successful in error-finding although they are unfamiliar with the topic. This study underlines the interaction of cognitive science and software engineering by integrating eye movement data, verbal protocol analysis and performance data into the cognitive inspection of software engineering notations.

Thesis (M.L.A.)--University of Hong Kong, 1999. / Includes special study report entitled: Microclimate landscape design: wind control. Includes bibliographical references.

陳遠秀. / "2013年9月". / "2013 nian 9 yue". / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2013. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 90-94). / Electronic reproduction. Hong Kong : Chinese University of Hong Kong, [2012] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Abstract in Chinese and English. / Chen Yuanxiu.

Abstract. This thesis is a study of two different political debates which took place before the United States presidential election of 2016: a Republican debate that took place in South Carolina and a Democratic debate that took place in Nevada. The aim of this study was to discover how well/well, first of all/first of all-prefaced responses are used during the debates. The method used in this study was Conversation Analysis that has been used before when analyzing institutional settings as a debate is. During the initial phase of the research it was quickly discovered that there were three main subsets of well/well, first of all/first of all-prefaced responses which were named as follows: the addition (giving additional information before answering a question), ‘not answering the question’ or NATQ, and ‘commenting on a prior question’ or CPQ. All the subsets represented different non-straightforward responses and they were analyzed individually. Three types of features were observed when looking at the responses of each subset: is the response straightforward, is the response pair-conforming (does the response have the excepted form) and is the response sufficient. It was revealed that none of the subsets were systematically similar in their form throughout the debates. However, multiple convergent features were discovered. Additions were either used as a circumbendibus back to the original topic, a diversion that enables avoiding the question, or an additional information that amplifies the following statement. When the debaters performed a NATQ they either first spoke topically and moved on to a different subject, answered a different question and moved to a different subject, or blatantly skipped the question in its entirety. The third subset CPQ was used when the debaters really wanted to comment on something before giving an elaborative answer. They usually gave a brief answer, commented on a prior question and moved back to the original question to elaborate their short answer. However, there was a case where this exact form did not occur, thus, the form is only the most common form that occurs. In addition to the findings on the verbal aspect of well/well, first of all/first of all-prefaced answers, it was revealed that topic shifts are often accompanied by different sorts of gesticulation. The debaters often performed for example beat gestures, pointing gestures or shifted their gaze during the shifts. This study could not go deep into the details of why this happened, but it would be an interesting topic for future research.Tiivistelmä. Tässä gradussa tarkastellaan kahta poliittista debattia ennen vuoden 2016 Yhdysvaltain presidentinvaaleja. Ensimmäinen debateista käytiin demokraattiehdokkaiden välillä Nevadassa ja toinen republikaaniehdokkaiden välillä Etelä-Carolinassa. Tämän gradun tavoitteena oli saada selville, miten well/well, first of all/first of all-alkuisia vastauksia hyödynnettiin debattien aikana. Metodina gradussa on käytetty keskusteluanalyysia, jota on käytetty ennenkin institutionaalisien vuorovaikutustilanteiden, joihin debatitkin kuuluvat, tutkimiseen. Tutkielman alkuvaiheessa aineistoa tutkiessa selvisi pian, että vastaustyypit on helppo jakaa kolmeen seuraavanlaiseen alakategoriaan: lisäys (lisäinformaation antamista ennen varsinaiseen kysymykseen vastaamista), kysymykseen vastaamatta jättäminen ja aiemmin esitetyn kysymyksen kommentoiminen. Kaikki alakategoriat edustivat erilaisia epäsuoria vastaustapoja kysymyksiin, ja jokainen kategoria täten analysoitiin erikseen. Alakategorioita tarkastellessa kiinnitettiin huomiota kolmeen eri ominaisuuteen: onko vastaus epäsuora, onko vastaus oletetun vastaustyypin mukainen ja onko vastaus riittävän laaja. Työn edetessä paljastui, ettei yksikään alakategoria ollut muodoltaan täysin yhteneväinen kaikissa esiintyneissä tapauksissa. Yhteisiä piirteitä kuitenkin löytyi siitä huolimatta. Lisäys-vastauksia käytettiin joko ketunlenkkeinä alkuperäiseen aiheeseen, harhautuksena jonka avulla onnistuttiin välttämään kysymykseen vastaaminen, tai sellaisen lisäinformaation antamisena, joka tuki tulevaa vastausta kysymykseen. Kun osallistujat jättivät vastaamatta kysymykseen, he joko vastasivat puhumalla yleisesti ja siirtyivät toiseen aiheeseen, vastasivat aivan eri kysymykseen ja siirtyivät eri aiheeseen, tai jättivät häikäilemättä vastaamatta koko kysymykseen. Aiempaa kysymystä kommentoitiin silloin, kun osallistuja halusi kommentoida jotain aiempaa kysymystä ennen kuin vastaisivat kysymykseen. Yleensä osallistuja antoi lyhyen vastauksen alkuperäiseen kysymykseen, sitten kommentoivat toista kysymystä ja lopulta palasivat tarkentamaan lyhyttä vastaustaan alkuperäiseen kysymykseen. Kuitenkin aineistosta löytyi esimerkki, jossa juuri tämä vastauksen muoto ei toistunut, joten edellä mainittu muoto on se yleisin eikä suinkaan sääntö. Verbaaliseen puoleen kuuluvien löydösten lisäksi paljastui, että puheenaiheen vaihdoksien aikana osallistujat hyödynsivät paljon visuospatiaalisia keinoja. Osallistujat esimerkiksi tekivät lyöntiliikkeitä, osoittivat ja siirsivät katsettaan näiden puheenaiheen vaihdoksien aikana. Tutkielmassa ei syvennytty ilmiöön sen enempää, mutta se voisi olla hyvä aihe tuleville tutkimuksille.

Today&rsquo / s reconfigurable devices successfully combine &lsquo / reconfigurable computing machine&rsquo / paradigm and &lsquo / high degree of parallelism&rsquo / and hence reconfigurable computing emerged as a promising alternative for computing-intensive applications. Despite its superior performance and lower power consumption compared to general purpose computing using microprocessors, reconfigurable computing comes with a cost of design complexity. This thesis aims to reduce this complexity by providing a flexible and user friendly development environment to application programmers in the form of a complete reconfigurable computing platform. The proposed computing platform is specially designed for real time embedded applications and supports true multitasking by using available run time partially reconfigurable architectures. For this computing platform, we propose a novel hardware task model aiming to minimize logic resource requirement and the overhead due to the reconfiguration of the device. Based on this task model an optimal 2D surface partitioning strategy for managing the hardware resource is presented. A mesh network-on-chip is designed to be used as the communication environment for the hardware tasks and a runtime mapping technique is employed to lower the communication overhead. As the requirements of embedded systems are known prior to field operation, an oine design flow is proposed for generating the associated bit-stream for the hardware tasks. Finally, an online real time operating system scheduler is given to complete the necessary building blocks of a reconfigurable computing platform suitable for real time computing-intensive embedded applications. In addition to providing a flexible development environment, the proposed computing platform is shown to have better device utilization and reconfiguration time overhead compared to existing studies.

Minimum Concave Cost Multicommodity Network Design Problem arises in many application areas, such as transportation planning, distributed energy system and especially both circuit and packet switching backbone network design. Exact concave optimization algorithms have been developed, but these methods are applicable if the network size is small. Therefore, these problems are usually solved by non-exact iterative methods. In this thesis work, methods proposed for circuit switching and packet switching network design are evaluated in detail. After a comprehensive literate survey, Yaged&rsquo / s Linearization, Minoux greedy and Minoux accelerated greedy methods are found to be applicable to circuit switching network design when both solution quality and computational time is considered. Previously, it has been found that Minoux greedy methods may create routings with cycles and in order to eliminate these cycles a modification has been proposed. In this work, this modification is extended and evaluated in detail. Similarly, Gerla and Kleinrock&rsquo / s Concave Branch Elimination, Gersht&rsquo / s greedy and Stacey&rsquo / s Concave Link Elimination methods are investigated within the context of packet switching network design. All of these methods consider aggregate flows on each link simultaneously re-routing more than one commodity in one step. This thesis work also considers an alternative disaggregate approach, where only one commodity is handled at a time. Finally, algorithms proposed for circuit switching network design problem are adapted to the packet switching case and an extensive comparative computational study is performed to point out the best method with respect to time and solution quality for a number of networks and cost structure. Computational results have shown that modification on Minoux greedy to eliminate cycles leads to considerable improvements and the disaggregate approach gives the best result in some networks and cost structure.

Hallucinations are often seen as a serious symptom of mental illness. Nonetheless, recent decades have produced a body of evidence that documented the presence of hallucinations even in non-clinical samples. Therefore, focusing on these samples is critical for improving understanding of processes underlying auditory hallucinations. The present study examines cognitive mechanisms that have been proposed to influence proneness to auditory hallucinations. A battery of experimental measures is implemented to assess some of the mechanisms implicated in the aetiology of hallucinations. Source monitoring, cognitive inhibition, bottom-up processes, working memory and traumatic experiences were measured in a laboratory study of 52 participants. Findings suggest that proneness to hallucinations is associated with impaired top-down processing and early traumatic experiences. No association between other cognitive mechanisms and hallucination proneness, contrary to previous evidence, has been found. This indicates that impaired source memory, working memory and bottom-up processing impairments might distinguish clinical and non-clinical hallucinators. An alternative implication of these findings points at issues with reproducibility in the hallucination research. Keywords: Auditory verbal hallucinations,...