In recent years, a theme for generally discussion in IC design domain is how to do the efficient verification in complex SoC environment and raise the confidence when chip taped-out. But when we face the different abstraction levels of verification environment like the System Modeling Level, Register Transfer Level, FPGA Emulation Level and Chip Level verification environment, how to unifiy test-patterns and makes them can be reused and do mutual-verification in different abstraction level verification environments is our main topic. Therefore, this thesis proposed a verification methodology that based on the 3D graphics SoC and unified the test patterns that let the different abstraction levels of verification environment can use the same test patterns. And to face the exetensive test patterns of 3DG SoC, we also proposed an automatic verification mechanism which can run the simulation and compare the simulation results automatically and improve the verification efficiency. Finally, we also share the 3DG SoC integration and verification experience from front-end to back-end, hope to makes everyone understand the related flow from RTL design to test-chip testing.

System-on-a-Chip (SoC) is a trend to achieve high performance, low cost, and low power in modern electronic devices. As the demand of functionality and performance increase, more IPs (Intellectual Property) are integrated into a modern SoC. Developing such a complex SoC is challenging since the SoC has limited observability; modern SoCs usually leave limited spared I/O pins for debugging purpose due to cost consideration, making it hard to analyze the internal activities via the limited I/O pins. This hampers the SoC development. To ease the difficulty, we have implemented the SYS-SIP (National Sun Yat-Sen university's SoC Infrastructure IP's) to enable the SoC development in terms of verification, debugging, monitor ing, and performance tuning. The SYS-SIP consists of five members: Processor External Interrupt Verification Module (PEVM), ICE, processor tracer, bus tracer, and protocol checker. Each of them serves specific purposes in verification, debugging, monitoring, and performance tuning. The SYS-SIP can be applied at diffierent design stages: RTL, FPGA, and chip level. The results show that SYS-SIP eases the SoC development and shortens the time-to-market significantly.

<p>This thesis focuses on the use of multiple redundant control surfaces to increase performance during flight. There is no clear-cut definition of performance. It may differ between applications, but here, the amount of drag for a given flight condition is used. The work is concentrated on minimizing drag with the use of measurements instead of numerical simulations. Measured data contains noise and there are problems with repeatability and hysteresis. These difficulties are considered and a method for drag minimization during flight is presented.</p><p>In the first study the drag minimization algorithm is discussed. Focus is put on describing the implemented method and the treatment of constraints to the optimization problem. The constraints include keeping the lift constant as well as having bounds on the control surface deflections.</p><p>In the second work, a more complex wind tunnel model is used to validate the drag optimization algorithm. Drag reduction for different flight conditions is studied, as well as the impact of the number of control surfaces. Different layouts of the control surfaces are also tested. The results show that the constraints are satisfied and that the drag is reduced substantially.</p>

<p>The biometric technology is a method for authentication which has been used since several centuries back. This is a technology which offers several different techniques where the human’s unique characteristics are used for identification and verification of the individual. Biometrics are today at a stage of development that is pointing upwards and many individuals that are well aware of the biometric world believes that this is the technology that will take over the security systems used today.</p><p>Ever since the terror attacks against USA at 2001, USA demanded that all 45 countries that today are not required to have visa when entering the United States must until the end of 2006 implement passports that contains biometrics information. The UN’s air traffic group on the other hand thinks that all counties in the world should use passports with biometric data. The biometric data in the passports are going to be stored in a chip and is in the first hand an image of the individuals face in a cryptic jpg format, but can also be complemented with fingerprints or even signature recognition. Sweden is currently using passports which contain biometric data but so far haven’t any machines that can read this passports been bought. Ulf Hägglund at Precise Biometrics AB believes that as soon as the real use of the biometric passports gets going the biometric technique will be used in a greater extension in the airports.</p><p>Even though several Swedish airports consider the security technique used in airports today being enough, biometrics can increase the security and at the same time simplify many security processes. Falsification can be reduced when at same time one can be sure that the same passenger who has checked-in is the passenger who boards the airplane and the employee security control can be totally automatized. Generally it can be said that “biometrics is a decent way to increase security in different areas”.</p> / <p>Den biometriska teknologin är en äkthetsbevisningsmetod som har används sedan flera århundraden tillbaka. Detta är en teknologi som erbjuder flera olika tekniker där människans unika karateristiska kännetecken används för identifiering och verifiering av individen. Biometrin befinner sig idag i ett utvecklingsstadie som pekar uppåt och flera personer som är insatta i biometrins värld anser att detta är den teknologi som kommer att ta över det nuvarande säkerhetssystemet.</p><p>Sedan terrorattentatet mot USA år 2001 har USA begärt att alla 45 länderna som idag inte behöver visum för att komma in till USA måste innan slutet av år 2006 införa pass som innehåller biometrisk information. FN; s luftfartsgrupp anser däremot att alla världens länder bör införa pass med biometrisk data. Den biometriska data som ska finnas i passen ska lagras i ett chip och är främst en avbildning av individens ansikte i krypterad jpg format men kan även tänkas bli kompletterat med fingeravtryck och eventuellt signatur igenkänning . I dagsläget använder sig Sverige av pass med biometrisk data, men än så länge har inte några maskiner som kan avläsa dessa pass köpts in. Ulf Hägglund på Precise Biometrics AB tror att så snart användandet av de biometriska passen kommer igång på riktigt kommer även den biometiska tekniken att användas i större utsträckning på flygplatser.</p><p>Trotts att flera svenska flygplatser idag anser att den säkerhetsteknik som används på flygplatserna idag räcker, kan man genom att använda sig av biometri öka säkerheten samtidigt som man förenklar många säkerhetsprocesser. Falsifieringen minskar samtidigt som man kan försäkra sig om att det alltid är samma passagerare som checkat- in som stiger på planet och säkerhetskontrollerna för de anställda kan bli total automatiserad. I stort kan man säga att ”biometrin är ett hyggligt steg mot att förbättra säkerheten inom olika områden”.</p>

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Texas at Austin, 1999. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 141-155). Available also in a digital version from Dissertation Abstracts.

Firewalls, packet filters placed at the boundary of a network in order to screen incoming packets of traffic (and discard any undesirable packets), are a prominent component of network security. In this dissertation, we make several contributions to the study of firewalls. 1. Current algorithms for verifying the correctness of firewall policies use O(n[superscrip d]) space, where n is the number of rules in the firewall (several thousand) and d the number of fields in a rule (about five). We develop a fast probabilistic firewall verification algorithm, which runs in time and space O(nd), and determines whether a firewall F satisfies a property P. The algorithm is provably correct in several interesting cases -- notably, for every instance where it states that F does not satisfy P -- and the overall probability of error is extremely small, of the order of .005%. 2. As firewalls are often security-critical systems, it may be necessary to verify the correctness of a firewall with no possibility of error, so there is still a need for a fast deterministic firewall verifier. In this dissertation, we present a deterministic firewall verification algorithm that uses only O(nd) space. 3. In addition to correctness, optimizing firewall performance is an important issue, as slow-running firewalls can be targeted by denial-of-service attacks. We demonstrate in this dissertation that in fact, there is a strong connection between firewall verification and detection of redundant rules; an algorithm for one can be readily adapted to the other task. We suggest that our algorithms for firewall verification can be used for firewall optimization also. 4. In order to help design correct and efficient firewalls, we suggest two metrics for firewall complexity, and demonstrate how to design firewalls as a battery of simple firewall modules rather than as a monolithic sequence of rules. We also demonstrate how to convert an existing monolithic firewall into a modular firewall. We propose that modular design can make firewalls easy to design and easy to understand. Thus, this dissertation covers all stages in the life cycle of a firewall -- design, testing and verification, and analysis -- and makes contributions to the current state of the art in each of these fields. / text

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