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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
11

The Incidence of Positional Nystagmus in Healthy Participants Revisited

Schneider, Terri L 06 December 2002 (has links)
The purpose of this study was to examine the prevalence of nystagmus found in healthy individuals during the positional testing subtest of the standard vestibular test battery. Positional testing involves moving the patient's head, and sometimes the entire body, into a variety of positions while observing eye movement. The hypothesis of the current study was that a relatively low percentage of participants would display nystagmus during positional testing used routinely in clinical diagnostic procedures. The findings were then compared to those of an earlier study in which 82% of normal, healthy individuals were reported to exhibit nystagmus during this testing. Twenty-five participants were selected that had no known otologic disease and who reported normal hearing sensitivity. In addition, the participants affirmed they had not consumed any alcohol or taken any medications that are known to affect nystagmus. They were then observed in nine different positions. Forty-eight percent of the participants experienced nystagmus in at least one position. Although this percentage was considerably lower than that reported in the earlier study, methodological differences appear to account for the discrepancy. Specifically, the criterion for determining the presence/absence of nystagmus potentially explains the difference in full.
12

Effects of timely otolaryngological/audiological intervention on patients with acute vertigo due to peripheral vestibular disorders

Gawankar, Sudarshan Vijay January 2007 (has links)
Vertigo is the presenting symptom of some peripheral vestibular disorders, like Benign Positional Vertigo (BPV), Ménière's disease, and vestibular neuritis, and for many other clinical conditions as well. Some clinicians from the Christchurch Public Hospital suspect that there is a significant need to improve the diagnostic accuracy and overall management of patients presenting with complaints of "acute vertigo or dizziness", especially BPV and Ménière's disease. The final diagnosis of many such patients treated for these conditions in the past has been suspected to be somewhat incomplete or inappropriate. These patients were commonly referred to various other departments, where they underwent a number of investigations, particularly medical imaging [head CT (Computed Tomography) / MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) scans, which were in many cases not necessary. Such delays in the process led to an extra or unnecessary burden on the limited health funds available to the hospital or to the patient. Another drawback was an elevated patient stress and anxiety as critical time was lost with the increased number of admissions, or in transferring the patient between various departments without any conclusive diagnosis and treatment. It was proposed to conduct a retrospective study on the accuracy of diagnosis of those patients admitted to Christchurch Public Hospital with complaints of acute vertigo, particularly for suspected peripheral vestibular disorders (mainly BPV and Ménière's disease) over the period of 2004-2005. Implementation of a more specific and detailed management approach at the level of the initial clinical examination or diagnostic investigations (specifically, by an early Otolaryngology/Audiology intervention) was planned for the year 2006. The two groups of patients (2004-2005 and 2006) were compared to verify the final achievements concerning the diagnostic accuracy and at various other levels with the newly implemented changes in 2006.
13

Avaliação do benefício da intervenção fonoaudiológica em adultos e idosos com tontura

Rosa, Luiza Diniz da 12 December 2016 (has links)
Submitted by Filipe dos Santos (fsantos@pucsp.br) on 2017-01-10T11:32:24Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Luiza Diniz da Rosa.pdf: 1572053 bytes, checksum: 0d46bf8493716356da06f9d1a1d0253a (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-01-10T11:32:24Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Luiza Diniz da Rosa.pdf: 1572053 bytes, checksum: 0d46bf8493716356da06f9d1a1d0253a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-12-12 / Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico - CNPq / INTRODUCTION: Dizziness is a very common symptom and it affects mainly adults and the elderly. It can lead to significant damage, disrupting the patient´s quality of life. Considering the high prevalence of reported dizziness in the population, many studies have been carried out in order to both identify its possible causes and develop speech therapy intervention techniques. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the benefits of speech therapy intervention in adults and elderly people with dizziness. METHOD: Prospective and longitudinal clinical study conducted on a sample of 20 patients with complaints of dizziness, of both sexes and aged between 48 and 85 years of age (average of 66 years of age). All subjects were referred to vestibular rehabilitation by medical indication and they underwent ten sessions of exercises based and adapted from the Cawthorne (1944) and Cooksey (1946) Protocol. In addition, we applied the Dizziness Handicap Inventory (DHI), the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) and the Dizziness Quantification Scale questionnaires in three moments: before the intervention, at the fifth session of speech therapy intervention and after the tenth session. At the end of the ten sessions, all subjects answered a question concerning the improvement of the dizziness symptomatology. We used the questionnaires in the three moments of intervention both for comparison purposes and for the assessment of the effectiveness of the treatment. RESULTS: After the intervention, 17 subjects (85%) showed improvement in the DHI score and 18 (90%) reported improvement in the dizziness symptomatology. In spite of the fact that the three tests had a decrease in average in the three moments, we observed intervention interference only in relation to the DHI. The symptoms of depression, anxiety and insecurity were considered as influence variables in the intervention results. Cronbach’s Alpha showed that the DHI delivers a good consistency level, whereas GDS-5 showed only reasonable significance. CONCLUSION: The speech therapy intervention on dizziness proved to be effective. We observed there was a greater benefit in the 10-session intervention, when compared to the 5-session intervention. The use of questionnaires to assess the result of the interventions is an important instrument in the assessment of the treatment effectiveness. However, self-reference and clinical hearing should be taken into account / INTRODUÇÃO: a tontura é um sintoma muito comum e afeta principalmente adultos e idosos. Pode levar a prejuízos significativos, atrapalhando a qualidade de vida. Considerando a alta prevalência da queixa de tontura na população, muitos estudos têm sido realizados com o objetivo tanto de identificar as possíveis causas, quanto de desenvolver técnicas de intervenção fonoaudiológica. OBJETIVO: avaliar o benefício da intervenção fonoaudiológica em adultos e idosos com tontura. MÉTODO: estudo clínico prospectivo e longitudinal realizado em uma amostra de 20 pacientes com queixa de tontura, de ambos os sexos e com idade entre 48 e 85 anos (média de 66 anos). Todos os sujeitos foram encaminhados para reabilitação vestibular por indicação médica e realizaram dez sessões de exercícios, baseados e adaptados do Protocolo de Cawthorne (1944) e Cooksey (1946). Além disso, foram aplicados os questionários Dizziness Handicap Inventory (DHI), Escala Geriátrica de Depressão (GDS) e Escala de Quantificação da Tontura (QT) em três momentos: antes da intervenção, na 5ª sessão de intervenção fonoaudiológica e após a décima sessão. No término das dez sessões, todos responderam a uma questão referente à melhoria do sintoma de tontura. Os questionários foram utilizados para fins comparativos entre os três momentos da intervenção e para avaliação da efetividade do tratamento. RESULTADOS: após a intervenção, 17 sujeitos (85%) apresentaram melhora no escore do DHI e 18 (90%) relataram melhora do sintoma de tontura. Apesar dos três testes terem tido diminuição das médias nos três momentos, foi observada interferência da intervenção apenas em relação ao DHI. Os sintomas de depressão, ansiedade e insegurança foram considerados como variáveis de influência nos resultados das intervenções. O Alfa de Conbrach mostrou que o DHI apresenta um bom nível de consistência, já a GDS-15 demonstrou significância razoável. CONCLUSÃO: a intervenção fonoaudiológica na tontura mostrou-se efetiva. Foi observado maior benefício quanto a intervenção com 10 sessões, quando comparado a 5 sessões. O uso de questionários para verificar o resultado das intervenções consiste em um importante instrumento de avaliação da efetividade do tratamento. Entretanto, a auto-referência e a escuta clínica devem ser valorizadas
14

Reabilitação vestibular em um serviço público de saúde auditiva / Vestibular rehabilitation`s in a public Brazilian hearing health service

Mariotto, Luciane Domingues Figueiredo 13 April 2017 (has links)
A tontura é considerada pela área médica, como um problema de saúde pública. Entender os distúrbios do equilíbrio corporal, como a limitação de um dos sistemas fundamentais para a sobrevivência do indivíduo, ajuda a compreender a importância e a necessidade de uma abordagem diagnóstica rápida e precisa. A valorização de sinais encontrados na avaliação vestibular, e da queixa do paciente, é fundamental para o diagnóstico, sendo de extrema importância o encaminhamento para avaliação exploratória do sistema vestibular, para que medidas terapêuticas personalizadas sejam adotadas. A reabilitação vestibular (RV) é um recurso terapêutico realizado por meio de exercícios que visam melhorar a interação vestíbulo-visual durante a movimentação cefálica, e ampliar a estabilidade postural estática e dinâmica nas condições que produzem informações sensoriais conflitantes. Objetivo: Verificar a eficácia de um protocolo de procedimentos terapêuticos de RV em grupo, aplicado em indivíduos com queixas vestibulares, considerando as variáveis: gênero, idade, presença de zumbido e influência da localização do comprometimento do sistema vestibular. Material e métodos: Estudo descritivo e retrospectivo, realizado a partir da análise de prontuários de 151 pacientes atendidos na DSA do HRAC-USP. A casuística foi delimitada a partir da análise de prontuários de pacientes de ambos os gêneros, com idade entre 10 a 88 anos. Os critérios de inclusão foram: queixas vestibulares, ter realizado a VENG pré RV em grupo, ter respondido ao Dizziness Handicap Inventory (DHI) e a Escala Visual Analógica (EVA), para os sintomas de tontura e zumbido, nas etapas pré e pós intervenção. A RV foi composta por 13 sessões de aproximadamente 60 minutos, seguindo protocolo especifico elaborado para a RV em grupo. O tratamento estatístico foi composto pelos testes Teste T, McNemar, Friedmann, Qui-Quadrado, Fisher, Binominal, Kolmogorov-Smirnov e Testes Wilcoxon. Foi adotado valor de significância (p) igual ou menor que 0,05. Resultados: Na comparação entre os resultados do DHI obtidos nas etapas pré e pós RV houve diferença para todos os aspectos, tanto a pontuação total como para a classificação por grau (p=0,001). Na análise do EVA houve diferença quanto ao desconforto da tontura (valor de p variou de 0,000 a 0,092), quanto ao desconforto relacionado ao zumbido (p=0,001). Houve diferença na comparação da avaliação vestibular por meio da VENG antes e depois da RV (p=0,003). Não houve correlação entre idade (p=0,610) e efetividade da RV porém houve correlação com o gênero (p=0,028). Houve diferença entre os resultados da VENG na comparação entre as etapas pré e pós RV em grupo (p=0,001). Na correlação da EVA com as variáveis, houve correlação com o gênero feminino (p=0,000), com todas as faixas etárias, exceto a de 10 a 20 anos (p=0,125) de 21 a 90 anos, e com o comprometimento vestibular periférico (p=0,000). Conclusão: O protocolo de RV em grupo, aplicados em pacientes com queixas vestibulares foi eficaz para a queixa de tontura e zumbido, independente da idade. O gênero feminino apresentou mais benefícios com a RV do que o gênero masculino. A RV foi eficaz para todos os tipos de comprometimento vestibular, inclusive nos achados identificados como normais. / Dizziness is considered by the medical field as a public health problem. Understanding body balance disorders, such as limiting one of the fundamental systems for individual survival, helps to understand the importance and necessity of a quick and accurate diagnostic approach. The evaluation of signs found in the vestibular evaluation, and the patient\'s complaint, is fundamental for the diagnosis, being extremely important the exploratory evaluation of the vestibular system, so that therapeutic therapeutic measures are adopted. Vestibular Rehabilitation (VR) is a therapeutic resource performed through exercises that aim to improve vestibulovisual interaction during head movement and to increase static and dynamic postural stability in conditions that produce conflicting sensory information. Aim: To verify the efficacy of a group VR therapeutic protocol, applied to individuals with vestibular complaints, considering the following variables: gender, age, tinnitus and influence of the location of vestibular system impairment identified by vectoelectronystagmography (VENG). Methods: Descriptive and retrospective study, based on the analysis of medical records of 151 patients seen in the DSA of HRACUSP. The casuistry was delimited from the analysis of medical records of patients of both genders, aged between 10 and 88 years. Inclusion criteria were: vestibular complaints, VENG pre VR in group, response to Dizziness Handicap Inventory (DHI) and Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) for the symptoms of dizziness and tinnitus, in the pre- and post-intervention stages. The VR was composed of 13 sessions of approximately 60 minutes, following a specific protocol elaborated for VR in a group. The statistical treatment was composed by the Test T, McNemar, Friedmann, Chi- Square, Fisher, Binominal and Kolmogorov-Smirnov tests. Significance (p) value was adopted equal to or less than 0.05. Results: The results obtained were compared with the results obtained for each classification level (p=0,001). In the analysis of VAS, there was a difference between the discount of dizziness (variance value = 0,000 to 0,092), or discomfort related to tinnitus (p=0,001). There was a difference in the evaluation of vestibular evaluation through VENG before and after VR (p=0,003). There was no correlation between age (p=0,610) and VR efficacy, with correlation with gender (p=0,028). There was a difference between the VENG results between the previous phases of the group (p=0,001). In the correlation between the VAS and the variables, there was a correlation with the female gender (p=0,000), with all age groups, except for 10 to 20 years (p=0,125) from 21 to 90 years and with peripheral vestibular impairment (p=0,000). Conclusion: The group VR protocol applied to patients with vestibular complaints was effective for complaint of dizziness and tinnitus, regardless of age. The female had more benefits with an VR than the male sex. VR was effective for all types of vestibular compromise, including findings identified as normal.
15

Reabilitação vestibular em um serviço público de saúde auditiva / Vestibular rehabilitation`s in a public Brazilian hearing health service

Luciane Domingues Figueiredo Mariotto 13 April 2017 (has links)
A tontura é considerada pela área médica, como um problema de saúde pública. Entender os distúrbios do equilíbrio corporal, como a limitação de um dos sistemas fundamentais para a sobrevivência do indivíduo, ajuda a compreender a importância e a necessidade de uma abordagem diagnóstica rápida e precisa. A valorização de sinais encontrados na avaliação vestibular, e da queixa do paciente, é fundamental para o diagnóstico, sendo de extrema importância o encaminhamento para avaliação exploratória do sistema vestibular, para que medidas terapêuticas personalizadas sejam adotadas. A reabilitação vestibular (RV) é um recurso terapêutico realizado por meio de exercícios que visam melhorar a interação vestíbulo-visual durante a movimentação cefálica, e ampliar a estabilidade postural estática e dinâmica nas condições que produzem informações sensoriais conflitantes. Objetivo: Verificar a eficácia de um protocolo de procedimentos terapêuticos de RV em grupo, aplicado em indivíduos com queixas vestibulares, considerando as variáveis: gênero, idade, presença de zumbido e influência da localização do comprometimento do sistema vestibular. Material e métodos: Estudo descritivo e retrospectivo, realizado a partir da análise de prontuários de 151 pacientes atendidos na DSA do HRAC-USP. A casuística foi delimitada a partir da análise de prontuários de pacientes de ambos os gêneros, com idade entre 10 a 88 anos. Os critérios de inclusão foram: queixas vestibulares, ter realizado a VENG pré RV em grupo, ter respondido ao Dizziness Handicap Inventory (DHI) e a Escala Visual Analógica (EVA), para os sintomas de tontura e zumbido, nas etapas pré e pós intervenção. A RV foi composta por 13 sessões de aproximadamente 60 minutos, seguindo protocolo especifico elaborado para a RV em grupo. O tratamento estatístico foi composto pelos testes Teste T, McNemar, Friedmann, Qui-Quadrado, Fisher, Binominal, Kolmogorov-Smirnov e Testes Wilcoxon. Foi adotado valor de significância (p) igual ou menor que 0,05. Resultados: Na comparação entre os resultados do DHI obtidos nas etapas pré e pós RV houve diferença para todos os aspectos, tanto a pontuação total como para a classificação por grau (p=0,001). Na análise do EVA houve diferença quanto ao desconforto da tontura (valor de p variou de 0,000 a 0,092), quanto ao desconforto relacionado ao zumbido (p=0,001). Houve diferença na comparação da avaliação vestibular por meio da VENG antes e depois da RV (p=0,003). Não houve correlação entre idade (p=0,610) e efetividade da RV porém houve correlação com o gênero (p=0,028). Houve diferença entre os resultados da VENG na comparação entre as etapas pré e pós RV em grupo (p=0,001). Na correlação da EVA com as variáveis, houve correlação com o gênero feminino (p=0,000), com todas as faixas etárias, exceto a de 10 a 20 anos (p=0,125) de 21 a 90 anos, e com o comprometimento vestibular periférico (p=0,000). Conclusão: O protocolo de RV em grupo, aplicados em pacientes com queixas vestibulares foi eficaz para a queixa de tontura e zumbido, independente da idade. O gênero feminino apresentou mais benefícios com a RV do que o gênero masculino. A RV foi eficaz para todos os tipos de comprometimento vestibular, inclusive nos achados identificados como normais. / Dizziness is considered by the medical field as a public health problem. Understanding body balance disorders, such as limiting one of the fundamental systems for individual survival, helps to understand the importance and necessity of a quick and accurate diagnostic approach. The evaluation of signs found in the vestibular evaluation, and the patient\'s complaint, is fundamental for the diagnosis, being extremely important the exploratory evaluation of the vestibular system, so that therapeutic therapeutic measures are adopted. Vestibular Rehabilitation (VR) is a therapeutic resource performed through exercises that aim to improve vestibulovisual interaction during head movement and to increase static and dynamic postural stability in conditions that produce conflicting sensory information. Aim: To verify the efficacy of a group VR therapeutic protocol, applied to individuals with vestibular complaints, considering the following variables: gender, age, tinnitus and influence of the location of vestibular system impairment identified by vectoelectronystagmography (VENG). Methods: Descriptive and retrospective study, based on the analysis of medical records of 151 patients seen in the DSA of HRACUSP. The casuistry was delimited from the analysis of medical records of patients of both genders, aged between 10 and 88 years. Inclusion criteria were: vestibular complaints, VENG pre VR in group, response to Dizziness Handicap Inventory (DHI) and Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) for the symptoms of dizziness and tinnitus, in the pre- and post-intervention stages. The VR was composed of 13 sessions of approximately 60 minutes, following a specific protocol elaborated for VR in a group. The statistical treatment was composed by the Test T, McNemar, Friedmann, Chi- Square, Fisher, Binominal and Kolmogorov-Smirnov tests. Significance (p) value was adopted equal to or less than 0.05. Results: The results obtained were compared with the results obtained for each classification level (p=0,001). In the analysis of VAS, there was a difference between the discount of dizziness (variance value = 0,000 to 0,092), or discomfort related to tinnitus (p=0,001). There was a difference in the evaluation of vestibular evaluation through VENG before and after VR (p=0,003). There was no correlation between age (p=0,610) and VR efficacy, with correlation with gender (p=0,028). There was a difference between the VENG results between the previous phases of the group (p=0,001). In the correlation between the VAS and the variables, there was a correlation with the female gender (p=0,000), with all age groups, except for 10 to 20 years (p=0,125) from 21 to 90 years and with peripheral vestibular impairment (p=0,000). Conclusion: The group VR protocol applied to patients with vestibular complaints was effective for complaint of dizziness and tinnitus, regardless of age. The female had more benefits with an VR than the male sex. VR was effective for all types of vestibular compromise, including findings identified as normal.
16

Demographic profile, clinical data and radiographic analysis of patients for third molar surgery under general anaesthesia at the Faculty of Dentistry at the University of the Western Cape

Nabee, Mahomed Ridhwaan Goolam January 2018 (has links)
Magister Scientiae Dentium - MSc(Dent) / Aim To analyze the demographic profile, clinical data and radiographs of patients who had third molar surgery under general anaesthesia at the Faculty of Dentistry at the University of the Western Cape over a 10 year period. Introduction Minor oral surgical procedures are carried out by Maxillofacial and Oral Surgeons daily. The surgical removal of third molars is a large part of Minor Oral Surgery which is common throughout the world. The general impression of third molar surgery performed by experienced professionals is the ease of the operation, however no-matter how experienced one may be, a simple procedure should never be underestimated (Carvalho and Do Egito Vasconselos, 2011). New surgical techniques, as well as extensive training, skill and experience have led to the evolution of oral surgery and allowed this procedure to be carried out in a less traumatic manner. Certain factors precipitate third molar surgery to be performed in theatre as opposed to the dental clinic setting. These factors will be discussed in this research report.
17

Benign Paroxysmal Positioning Vertigo

Akin, Faith W. 01 March 2012 (has links)
No description available.
18

Effects of timely otolaryngological/audiological intervention on patients with acute vertigo due to peripheral vestibular disorders

Gawankar, Sudarshan Vijay January 2007 (has links)
Vertigo is the presenting symptom of some peripheral vestibular disorders, like Benign Positional Vertigo (BPV), Ménière's disease, and vestibular neuritis, and for many other clinical conditions as well. Some clinicians from the Christchurch Public Hospital suspect that there is a significant need to improve the diagnostic accuracy and overall management of patients presenting with complaints of "acute vertigo or dizziness", especially BPV and Ménière's disease. The final diagnosis of many such patients treated for these conditions in the past has been suspected to be somewhat incomplete or inappropriate. These patients were commonly referred to various other departments, where they underwent a number of investigations, particularly medical imaging [head CT (Computed Tomography) / MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) scans, which were in many cases not necessary. Such delays in the process led to an extra or unnecessary burden on the limited health funds available to the hospital or to the patient. Another drawback was an elevated patient stress and anxiety as critical time was lost with the increased number of admissions, or in transferring the patient between various departments without any conclusive diagnosis and treatment. It was proposed to conduct a retrospective study on the accuracy of diagnosis of those patients admitted to Christchurch Public Hospital with complaints of acute vertigo, particularly for suspected peripheral vestibular disorders (mainly BPV and Ménière's disease) over the period of 2004-2005. Implementation of a more specific and detailed management approach at the level of the initial clinical examination or diagnostic investigations (specifically, by an early Otolaryngology/Audiology intervention) was planned for the year 2006. The two groups of patients (2004-2005 and 2006) were compared to verify the final achievements concerning the diagnostic accuracy and at various other levels with the newly implemented changes in 2006.
19

Avaliação otoneurologica em crianças com queixa de dificuldades escolares : estudo da função vestibular / Otoneurologic evaluation in children with school difficulties complaints : a vestibular function study

Franco, Eloisa Sartori 10 April 2007 (has links)
Orientador: Ivone Panhoca / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciencias Medicas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-09T09:13:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Franco_EloisaSartori_D.pdf: 2421851 bytes, checksum: 5590efdeb693146d5868be4b0ef799ba (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007 / Resumo: As alterações no processo de aprendizagem e/ou atraso na aquisição da linguagem constituem parte das queixas relatadas na clínica pediátrica, neurológica, neuropsicológica e fonoaudiológica infantil. Além disso, altas taxas de reprovações em escolares que ingressam no primeiro ciclo têm despertado a atenção dos especialistas que atendem crianças em idade escolar. Dentre os fatores básicos para a aprendizagem encontram-se a postura, o equilíbrio e a coordenação motora. Em conjunto com o sistema nervoso central, a função do sistema vestibular é controlar a posição do corpo, os movimentos dos olhos e a percepção espacial, e assim, ele é tido hoje como um dos responsáveis pelo desenvolvimento infantil. Esta pesquisa buscou avaliar a função vestibular em crianças com queixas de dificuldades escolares bem como suas queixas vestibulares. Foi realizada em duas importantes etapas, sendo que inicialmente foram estudadas 50 crianças e posteriormente 88 crianças, todas entre 7 e 12 anos, que freqüentavam escolas públicas da cidade de Piracicaba durante os anos de 2004 a 2006. Os procedimentos utilizados foram: a anamnese; exame otorrinolaringológico; exame audiológico e avaliação vestibular. Nos resultados iniciais notamos que 38,0% das crianças referiram ter dificuldades escolares. Quando aumentamos a amostra observamos que 49,0% das crianças referiram essas dificuldades. No questionamento das queixas referidas mais comuns, pudemos observar que a queixa referida de ¿atordoação¿ apresentou uma relação estatisticamente significante nas crianças com queixas de dificuldades escolares em comparação às crianças sem queixas de dificuldades escolares e posteriormente foi acrescida a queixa referida de ¿tontura¿. Ao demonstrar os percentuais dos sintomas referidos mais comuns no ambiente escolar entre as crianças estudadas pudemos notar que, no primeiro momento, o sintoma referido de ¿náuseas¿ apresentou uma relação estatisticamente significante entre as crianças com queixas de dificuldades escolares e posteriormente, com a amostra ampliada, acrescentou-se o sintoma referido de ¿vômito¿. Ambas as amostras, sem haver discrepância, demonstraram um grande desconforto em brincadeiras que exigem integridade das funções vestibulares e suas interligações como: pular corda; andar de bicicleta e ¿brincar no gira-gira¿ apresentando uma diferença estatisticamente significante. Com relação às queixas específicas de aprendizagem escolar, verificamos que as dificuldades em ¿ler¿ e ¿copiar¿ apresentaram uma relação estatisticamente significante nas crianças com queixas de dificuldades escolares, em ambas as amostras, notando-se uma expressiva semelhança. Os dados obtidos na pesquisa da função vestibular em sua fase inicial foram reiterados no estudo final em que foi encontrado alto índice de exame vestibular normal nas crianças sem queixas de dificuldades escolares e baixo índice de normalidade nas crianças com queixas de dificuldades escolares. Todas as alterações vestibulares encontradas foram de origem periférica irritativa tanto unilateral quanto bilateral, revelando uma disfunção vestibular frente à excitação labiríntica provocando hiperatividade vestibular. Os dados mostraram uma relação estatisticamente significante nas crianças com queixas de dificuldades escolares ao serem comparadas às crianças sem queixas de dificuldades escolares / Abstract: Alterations in the learning process and/or delay in the acquisition of language account for complaints in children¿s pediatric, neurological, neuropsychological and phonoadiological clinic. Moreover, high rates of school failure in first cycle students have called the attention of specialists who assist children in school age. Amongst the basic factors for learning there are posture, equilibrium and motor coordination. Together with the central nervous system, the function of the vestibular system is to control the body position, eyes movements and space perception, this system is today taken to be one of the responsible for children¿s development. This research aimed to evaluate vestibular function in children with complaints of school difficulties as well as their complaints regarding the vestibular system. Was carried through in two important stages; initially 50 children were studied and later 88 children, all between age 7 and 12, which frequented public schools of the city of Piracicaba from 2004 to 2006. The procedures used were: anamnesis; otorhinolaryngological examination; audiologic examination and vestibular evaluation. In the initial results we noticed that 38.0% reported had school difficulties. When we increased the sample data we noticed that 49.0% of children referring school difficulties. In the study of the most common complaints reported, we could observe that the complaint reported of "stunnedness" had a statistically significant relation in children with school difficulties complaints compared to children without school difficulties complaints and later the complaint reported of "giddiness" was added. When considering the percentages of the most common symptoms reported in the school environment among the studied children we could notice that at first the symptom reported of "nauseas" presented a statistically significant relation among children with school difficulties complaints and that later, with the extended sample, the ¿vomit" symptom reported was added. Both samples demonstrate with no discrepancies a great discomfort in playful activities that demand integrity of vestibular function and its interconnections: to rope jumping; to ride a bicycle and to play in the turning wheel presenting a statistically significant difference regarding children with and without school difficulties complaints. As concerns o school difficulties complaints linked to school performance, we verified that "reading" and "copying" difficulties had a statistically significant relation in children with school difficulties complaints in both samples and there was an expressive similarity. Data collected by the research on vestibular function in its initial phase were confirmed in the final study: a high rate of normal vestibular function in children without school difficulties complaints was found and a low rate of normality in children with school difficulties complaints. All vestibular alterations found had peripheral irritative origin, both unilateral and bilateral, showing a vestibular dysfunction linked to labyrinth excitement provoking vestibular hyperactivity. Data had a statistically significant relation in children with school difficulties complaints compared to children without school difficulties complaints / Doutorado / Saude da Criança e do Adolescente / Doutor em Saude da Criança e do Adolescente
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Rehabiliteringsalternativ vid yrsel orsakad av stroke : - En systematisk litteraturöversikt / Rehabilitation options in vertigo caused by stroke : - A systematic review

Kerttu, Johan, Isaksson, Anna January 2020 (has links)
Inledning: Yrsel är ett av de symtom som uppstår vid stroke i cerebellum och hjärnstammen på grund av cirkulatorisk insufficiens i den posteriora cirkulationen. Vestibulär rehabilitering (VR) är den rehabiliteringsform som idag används på patienter med yrsel, oberoende av orsak till yrseln. VR fokuserar på att utsätta patienten för de moment som skapar yrsel för att starta en habituering i hjärnan. Vi upplever en klinisk kunskapslucka vid fysioterapeutiska interventioner för strokepatienter med yrsel vilket skapar svårighet att ge denna patientgrupp evidensbaserad rehabilitering. Syfte: Syftet med studien var att överblicka nuvarande fysioterapeutiska interventioner för behandling av yrsel orsakad av stroke i cerebellum och hjärnstammen. Metod: En systematisk litteraturstudie genomfördes i databaserna PubMed, Amed, Cinahl, Scopus, SweMed+ och PEDro. I studien inkluderades artiklar av randomize controlled trial (RCT) och artiklar av icke RCT design. Granskningsverktyget PEDro användes för att bedöma inkluderade artiklarnas kvalitet. Resultat: Totalt granskades fyra artiklar vilket resulterade i tre olika kategorier av interventioner och signifikanta resultat vid delar av de inkluderade utfallsmåtten. Konklusion: Artiklarna som inkluderades i studien visar på att VR ger minskade symtom av yrsel och förbättrad balans hos patienter med stroke i cerebellum och hjärnstammen.

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