No description available.

No description available.

No description available.

Populations of striped cucumber beetles (<i>Acalymma vittatum</i> Fabr.), spotted cucumber beetles (<i>Diabrotica undecimpunctata howardi</i> Barber), western cucumber beetles (<i>Acalymma trivittatum</i> Mann.), Pennsylvania leatherwings (<i>Chauliognathus pennsylvanicus</i> DeGeer), Diptera (Order: Diptera), lady beetles (Order: Coleoptera, Family: Coccinellidae), hymenoptera (Order: Hymenoptera), and spiders (Order: Araneae) in a cucumber field and a bordering field of uncultivated vegetation were assessed using yellow sticky traps to determine: 1) the relative abundances of target insects across the uncultivated vegetation and the crop field, 2) relationships between target insects and plant species. In both years populations striped and spotted cucumber beetles and Pennsylvania leatherwings (only in 1995) increased significantly and Diptera decreased significantly in the direction of the crop. The strength of these relationships increased over the season to a peak in August in 1995 and July in 1996 and then decreased in September in both years. There were significant correlations between Diptera and sweet-vernal grass in 1995. In 1996, cucumber beetles were correlated with wild violet (<i>Viola</i> spp.) and white clover (<i>Trifolium repens</i>); Diptera with wild violets; and the lady beetle <i>Coleomegilla maculata</i> with goldenrod (<i>Solidago</i> spp.), English plantain (<i>Plantago lanceolata</i>), and marjoram (<i>Origanum</i> spp.) in 1996. This study demonstrated the potential value of increasing the diversity of a cucumber field to control insect pests (and thus reduce pesticide useage) as well as suggested specific plants that influenced insect populations. / Master of Science

Les patients mucoviscidosiques sont prédisposés à une colonisation chronique de l’arbre bronchique par P. aeruginosa. Ce pathogène opportuniste se caractérise par sa capacité à adhérer à une surface et à y former un biofilm protecteur, hautement tolérant aux agents antimicrobiens. En routine, les antibiogrammes sont effectués sur des cultures bactériennes planctoniques. L’efficacité des antibiothérapies ainsi sélectionnées est donc peu probante pour l’éradication des biofilms bactériens. La réalisation d’Antibiofilmogrammes® sur des isolats cliniques mucoviscidosiques (nouvel outil évaluant la sensibilité des bactéries sessiles aux antibiotiques) a permis de mettre en évidence des phénomènes d’inhibition et d’induction de la formation du biofilm. Plus précisément, les aminosides sont capables de retarder l’adhérence bactérienne. À l’inverse, la famille des β-lactamines présente la capacité de stimuler l’adhésion précoce des micro-organismes. Ces différents effets de l’antibiothérapie générale sur le comportement microbien se vérifient par l’intermédiaire de techniques conventionnelles in vitro (Cristal Violet, traitement enzymatique à la DNase I) et cellulaires (modèle de co-culture statique cellules eucaryotes/bactéries). La pertinence clinique de l’Antibiofilmogramme® se confirme donc par sa capacité à détecter l’initiation précoce de l’adhésion bactérienne, à sélectionner les molécules l’inhibant et à écarter celles pouvant l’induire. Associée aux antibiogrammes traditionnels, son application peu permettre d’affiner les stratégies thérapeutiques pour le traitement des infections pulmonaires chroniques développées au cours de la mucoviscidose. / Cystic fibrosis (CF) patients are predisposed to chronic colonisation of the upper airways by P. aeruginosa. This opportunist pathogen is characterized by its ability to adhere to a surface and to form a protective biofilm, which is highly tolerant to antimicrobials. In routine, antibiograms are realised on planktonic bacterial cultures. The efficacy of the corresponding antimicrobial therapies appears low for the eradication of bacterial biofilms. The realisation of Antibiofilmograms® on CF clinical isolates (a new tool investigating the susceptibility of sessile bacteria to antibiotics) highlighted phenomena of biofilm formation inhibition and induction. More precisely, aminoglycosides are able to delay the bacterial adherence. Conversely, the β-lactam family shows the ability to stimulate the early adhesion of microorganisms. These different effects of antimicrobials on the bacterial behaviour are confirmed with more conventional in vitro methods (Crystal Violet, enzymatic treatment with DNase I) and a cell model (static co-culture of eukaryotic cells and bacteria). The clinical relevance of the Antibiofilmogram® is reinforced by its ability to detect the initiation of the early bacterial adhesion, to select inhibitor molecules and to avoid the inducer ones. Associated to traditional antibiograms, its application should be pertinent to optimise the CF therapies for the treatment of chronic lung infections.

La détermination expérimentale des composantes du tenseur d'hyper-polarisabilité est essentielle au développement de nouvelles molécules possédant des propriétés d'optique non-linéaire. La diffusion harmonique de la lumière (DHL) correspond à un phénomène de diffusion non linéaire de la lumière pour laquelle les molécules considérées sont dans une solution isotrope. Du fait des fluctuations d'orientations et de positions des molécules, seules six observables, où invariants orientationnels, sont mesurables par DHL. Afin de déterminer expérimentalement ces six observables, nous avons mis au point un polarimètre à lame de phase tournantes fonctionnant avec une source laser impulsionnelle accordable en longueur d'onde et dédié au mesures de diffusion harmonique de la lumière. Nous avons dans un premier temps optimisé l'architecture du montage polarimétrique en nous appuyant sur la réduction du nombre de conditionnement de la matrice d'appareil, réduisant par la même les erreurs statistiques. Puis nous avons étalonné le montage au moyen d'un échantillon référence dédié à la conversion de longueur d'onde, afin de réduire les erreurs systématiques. Enfin, nous avons réalisé des mesures de diffusion harmonique de la lumière sur deux molécules connues, le DR1 et le Cristal Violet.

Semiconductor diode lasers are successful tools in atomic spectroscopy. They are routinely used in frequency conversion applications to develop devices that access regions of the spectrum not directly available. This thesis describes the practical application of novel violet diode laser systems and their possible inclusion in spectroscopic systems. The design, assembly and successful operation of a doubly resonant optical parametric oscillator is described. There is discussion of the spectral behaviour of the device and the potential for pumping with a violet diode laser. Methods to adapt the output from the solitary diode devices are demonstrated with the use of microlensed diode lasers and extended cavity configurations. Details of the current tuning, linewidth and smooth tuning characteristics of a number of the lasers used are given. A commercial violet diode laser is used within an extended cavity to measure the hyperfine structure of atomic indium from a hollow cathode galvatron source at room temperature. Stabilisation of the diode laser to a line from the indium spectrum is attempted. The remainder of the thesis is concerned with the development of techniques to deliver clearer and more precise spectral information about trace species. Microlensed red and violet diode lasers are used to generate light at 254nm via sum frequency generation for the direct detection and modulation spectroscopy of mercury vapour, with microlensed lasers with modulation allowing more accurate discrimination between spectral features than direct absorption measurements. In addition Raman tweezers modulation spectroscopy is undertaken to investigate polymer microspheres and biological cell samples where the use of the modulation technique demonstrated improvements in the acquisition time and clarity of spectra through increased signal to noise and rejection of background fluorescence effects. A comparison between the direct and modulation techniques for all the systems indicates the greater sensitivity of the modulation technique.

Master of Science / Department of Horticulture, Forestry, and Recreation Resources / Chad T. Miller / Kimberly A. Williams / Intumescences are a physiological disorder characterized by hypertrophy and possibly hyperplasia of plant cells. Many plant species are susceptible to intumescence development, but the specific causative factors remain uncertain. Ultimately, this disorder results in the death of the affected cells. Previous observations and research suggest that the quality and quantity of light to which plants are exposed may be a factor in development of the disorder. The purpose of the first study was to assess the preventive effect of UVB radiation on intumescence development in ornamental sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas). Two sweet potato cultivars, ‘Sidekick Black’ and ‘Ace of Spades,’ were grown under four light treatments of 1) Normal; 2) UVB; 3) UVB-Blocked; 4) Full-Spectrum. The ‘Ace of Spades’ cultivar was highly susceptible to intumescence development, while ‘Sidekick Black’ was much less susceptible to the disorder. For ‘Ace of Spades,’ the addition of UVB radiation significantly reduced the number of leaves affected with intumescences when compared to plants grown under the other light treatments. This study indicates a cultivar-specific effect of UVB light in minimizing intumescence development on ornamental sweet potato, therefore suggesting a potential genetic component in intumescence susceptibility. Many plant species are prone to similar physiological disorders in which lesions develop on the leaf tissue. Nomenclature for such lesions has varied significantly in the literature. Interchangeably using these terms causes confusion as to whether these names refer to the same or different disorders. The objective of the second study was to characterize the development of lesions on ornamental sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas ‘Blackie’), tomato (Solanum lycopersicum ‘Maxifort’) and interspecific geranium (Pelargonium בCaliente Coral’). Light microscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), and digital photography were used to observe lesion development on each species. Lesions on ornamental sweet potato predominately involved the hypertrophy of the palisade parenchyma through the upper epidermis, while geranium lesions involved the hypertrophy of spongy parenchyma cells restricted by the lower epidermis. Tomato lesions involved both the hypertrophy and hyperplasia of the lower epidermis and spongy parenchyma. Thus, different species possess varied cellular responses when developing lesions due to physiological causes.

Submitted by Marlene Aparecida de Souza Cardozo (mcardozo@pucsp.br) on 2016-12-20T10:46:37Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Eliete Hugueney de Figueiredo Costa.pdf: 11272649 bytes, checksum: dc042a15b80f541badc1c9be46542013 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-12-20T10:46:37Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Eliete Hugueney de Figueiredo Costa.pdf: 11272649 bytes, checksum: dc042a15b80f541badc1c9be46542013 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-11-29 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / This thesis, situated in the field of inquiry of the bakhtinian’s studies, had the objective to understand, in the verbal-visual dimension of the cuiabana magazine The Violet (1916-1950), how occured the intersection of voices in the speech. The selected corpus was composed by texts of two magazines of 1910’s decade, one of 1920's, two of 1930’s, two of 1940’s and one of 1950’s decade, summing up eight. The criteria had been ruled in two aspects: a) range of the time of publication; b) presence of texts signed by the main editors: Maria Dimpina Lobo Duarte and Maria de Arruda Müller. The raised hypothesis was that the periodic brings in its statements revealing speech marks of an ideological positioning characterized by a conflict in the authorship speech that, on the one hand, points to an emancipation of the public space destined to the woman and, on the other hand, respects and preserves the coercions imposed to the female sex in the first half of XX century. In this direction, our thesis is that the statements present linguistic-discursive strategies and mobilization of the verbal-visual plan that points to an intersection of voices. That is, The Violet, even being a vehicle which the editorial reflected hegemonic positioning of the time of its production and circulation, refracted other values, making clear to the attentive reader an overlapping of voices. The theoretical ground for confirmation of our hypothesis is anchored in Bakhtin’s theory and the Circle (2010, 2011, 2012), regarding to the questions that involve the dialogical relations between the statements, and Brait (2005, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2016), to argue the aspects related to the verbal-visuality. It was an analysis of a documentary research of qualitative and dialogical approach in which we analyzed the statements of the selected editions, revealing the discursive-ideological tensions generated by the interlacement of voices. Thus, were sought answers to the following questions: 1) How can the authorship speech point to the presence of different voices in the statements of The Violet and how are they constituted throughout the texts? 2) How do the linguistic-discursive aspects, constitutive of the verbal-visual dimension, point to the presence of intersection of voices? Our research was guided by the methodological perspective of the Dialogical Analysis of the Discourse (Brait, 2008), using the fundamental categories of discourse, dialogical relations, authorship, statement, text, genres of the speech and voices, notions that helped us to make explicit the procedures of constitution of the discourse project of the periodic. This inquiry is justified, on the one hand, for the possibility of contribution for the study of the verbal-visuality, when reflecting on the speech strategies used by the feminine press and, on the other hand, by the fact of bringing a new view at the magazine, through the bakhtinian’s lenses. The result of the analyses demonstrated that the periodic shows, through the verbal-visual dimension, an intersection of voices that reveals a double side, as for the preservation of the social role of the woman, as for the vanguardism in relation to questions related to the progress of the cities, bearing in mind that the context social-historical of the time marked by the constituent tension of the social web in development. / Esta tese, situada no campo de investigação dos estudos bakhtinianos, teve por objetivo compreender, na dimensão verbo-visual da revista cuiabana A Violeta (1916-1950), como se constitui discursivamente o entrecruzamento de vozes. O corpus selecionado foi composto por enunciados de duas revistas da década de 1910, uma de 1920, duas de 1930, duas de 1940 e uma da década de 1950, totalizando o número de oito. Os critérios de seleção estiveram pautados em dois aspectos: a) abrangência do tempo de publicação; b) presença de textos assinados pelas principais redatoras: Maria Dimpina Lobo Duarte e Maria de Arruda Müller. A hipótese levantada foi de que o periódico traz em seus enunciados marcas discursivas reveladoras de um posicionamento ideológico caracterizado por um conflito no discurso autoral que, por um lado, aponta para uma emancipação do espaço público destinado à mulher e, por outro, respeita e preserva as coerções impostas ao sexo feminino na primeira metade do século XX. Nesse sentido, a nossa tese é de que os enunciados apresentam estratégias linguístico-discursivas e de mobilização do plano de expressão verbo-visual que apontam para um entrecruzamento de vozes. Ou seja, A Violeta, mesmo sendo um veículo cuja editoria refletia posicionamentos hegemônicos da época de sua produção e circulação, refratava outros valores, deixando transparecer ao leitor atento uma sobreposição de vozes. A fundamentação teórica utilizada para confirmação de nossa hipótese ancorou-se na teoria de Bakhtin e o Círculo (2010, 2011, 2012), quanto às questões que envolvem as relações dialógicas entre os enunciados, e Brait (2005, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2016), para discutir os aspectos relacionados à verbo-visualidade. Tratou-se de uma pesquisa de análise documental de abordagem qualitativa e dialógica em que analisamos os enunciados presentes nas edições selecionadas, desvelando as tensões discursivo-ideológicas geradas pelo entrelaçamento de vozes. Dessa maneira, buscamos respostas para as seguintes questões de pesquisa: 1) Como o discurso autoral pode apontar para a presença de diferentes vozes nos enunciados de A Violeta e como estas se constituem ao longo dos textos? 2) Como os aspectos linguístico-discursivos, constitutivos da dimensão verbo-visual, apontam para a presença de entrecruzamento de vozes? Nossa pesquisa se guiou pela perspectiva metodológica da Análise Dialógica do Discurso (Brait, 2008), utilizando as categorias basilares de discurso, relações dialógicas, autoria, enunciado, texto, gêneros do discurso e vozes, noções que nos ajudaram a explicitar os procedimentos de constituição do projeto discursivo do periódico. Esta investigação justifica-se, por um lado, pela possibilidade de contribuição para o estudo da verbo-visualidade, ao refletirmos sobre as estratégias discursivas utilizadas pela imprensa feminina cuiabana e, por outro, pelo fato de trazer um novo olhar para a revista A Violeta, através das lentes bakhtinianas. O resultado das análises demonstrou que o periódico nos apresenta, através da dimensão verbo-visual, um entrecruzamento de vozes que releva uma dupla face, tanto do conservadorismo em relação ao papel social da mulher, quanto do vanguardismo em relação às questões relativas ao progresso das cidades, tendo em vista o contexto sócio-histórico da época marcado pela tensão constitutiva do tecido social em desenvolvimento.

O material SiO2/Nb2O5 (SiNb) foi preparado pelo método sol-gel e empregado como adsorvente para remoção do corante Violeta Cristal. O material foi caracterizado utilizando isotermas de adsorção/dessorção de nitrogênio, espectroscopia FTIR, pHpzc, e SEM-EDS. A análise isotérmica de N2 revelou a presença de micro e mesoporos na amostra de SiNb com área superficial específica de 747 m2g−1. No processo de adsorção do corante foram avaliados parâmetros como pH, temperatura, tempo de contato, e concentração do corante no processo. O valor de pH inicial da solução do corante que levou a uma máxima adsorção foi 7. A cinética de adsorção e equilíbrio para a adsorção do corante foram representadas por ordem-geral e Liu, respectivamente. A capacidade máxima de adsorção do corante com o adsorvente SiNb, na temperatura de 303K, foi de 116mg g-1. Dois efluentes de corantes foram simulados e usados para verificar a aplicabilidade do material SiNb para tratamento de efluentes, sendo que o adsorvente se mostrou muito eficiente na descoloração desses efluentes. / In this dissertation, SiO2/Nb2O5 (SiNb) material was prepared using sol–gel method and employed as adsorbent for removal of crystal violet dye (CV). The material was characterized using nitrogen adsorption–desorption isotherms, FTIR spectroscopy, pHpzc, and SEM-EDS. The analysis of N2 isotherms revealed the presence of micro- and mesopores in the SiNb sample with specific surface area 747 m2 g−1. For the dye adsorption process, variations of parameters such as of pH, temperature, contact time, and concentration of dye of the process were evaluated. The optimum initial pH of the CV dye solution was 7.0. The adsorption kinetic and equilibrium data for CV adsorption were suitably represented by the general-order and Liu models, respectively. The maximum adsorption capacity of the CV dye by SiNb was achieved at 303 K, which attained 116 mg g−1at this temperaure. Dye effluents were simulated and used to check the applicability of the SiNb material for treatment of effluents – the material showed very good efficiency for decolorization of dye effluents.