Management of Collaborative Networked Organizations faces various challenges in terms of decision-making. Particularly, in complex and multi-player environments, like healthcare, it is not easy to find the roots of low performance processes, and unmet goals. This research provides a framework, as well as associated techniques to analyze the value network, identify problematic actors, and consequently, find the best possible solution to change them. The proposed framework consists of two main components: Analyzing the value network, and Multi-Criteria Decision Making. To analyze the value network of a collaborative environment, in addition to the existing techniques, four complementary components are introduced: Actors’ value interchanges matrix, Value Gantt chart, Identifying problematic actors flowchart, and Actors’ ease of substitution table. Employing these hybrid analyses, decision makers gain a better understanding of the bottlenecks in the value network, current conditions and contributions of the involved actors, and the consequences of considering various alternatives. Then, by applying one of the Multi-Criteria Decision Making methods, and based on pre-defined criteria, possible alternatives are analyzed and outlined. As a proof of concept and validation of the proposed methods, we reviewed a scenario of patient flow and wait times in healthcare. We derive the value network for collaborative processes in a hospital, specify the roles’ of actors, identify the bottlenecks, then rank the solutions, and suggest possible changes to improve the performance of the collaborative environment.

Management of Collaborative Networked Organizations faces various challenges in terms of decision-making. Particularly, in complex and multi-player environments, like healthcare, it is not easy to find the roots of low performance processes, and unmet goals. This research provides a framework, as well as associated techniques to analyze the value network, identify problematic actors, and consequently, find the best possible solution to change them. The proposed framework consists of two main components: Analyzing the value network, and Multi-Criteria Decision Making. To analyze the value network of a collaborative environment, in addition to the existing techniques, four complementary components are introduced: Actors’ value interchanges matrix, Value Gantt chart, Identifying problematic actors flowchart, and Actors’ ease of substitution table. Employing these hybrid analyses, decision makers gain a better understanding of the bottlenecks in the value network, current conditions and contributions of the involved actors, and the consequences of considering various alternatives. Then, by applying one of the Multi-Criteria Decision Making methods, and based on pre-defined criteria, possible alternatives are analyzed and outlined. As a proof of concept and validation of the proposed methods, we reviewed a scenario of patient flow and wait times in healthcare. We derive the value network for collaborative processes in a hospital, specify the roles’ of actors, identify the bottlenecks, then rank the solutions, and suggest possible changes to improve the performance of the collaborative environment.

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As transformações na sociedade contemporânea mundial levam as empresas a diminuírem seus ciclos de projeto-desenvolvimento-produto, com o objetivo de se manterem flexíveis, dinâmicas e, por conseguinte, competitivas no mercado. Nesse novo cenário surgem as redes, que são alianças constituídas por entidades geograficamente distribuídas e heterogêneas, e que por meio do trabalho colaborativo, compartilham recursos, riscos e competências, visando o alcance de metas comuns. Entre as diversas manifestações de redes colaborativas presentes na literatura, a rede denominada Ambiente de Criação de Organizações Virtuais (Virtual Breeding Environment - VBE) tem um destaque no cenário econômico mundial, uma vez que ela pode propiciar a criação de organizações virtuais. O objetivo desta pesquisa é propor um modelo de referência para operacionalização de ambientes para a criação de organizações virtuais, sob o recorte analítico de redes colaborativas. O método de pesquisa empregado foi o de estudo de múltiplos casos, por meio da análise de oito VBEs. A metodologia que deu suporte à criação do modelo de referência denomina-se EKD (Enterprise Knowledge Development), a qual possui os modelos de objetivos, de conceitos, de regras de negócio, de atores e recursos, de processos de negócios e de componentes e requisitos técnicos. A pesquisa permitiu identificar que apesar dos VBEs manterem o foco na criação de organizações virtuais, a maioria das práticas recomendadas pela literatura sobre o assunto, ainda não são seguidas, não sendo práticas correntes do trabalho colaborativo. Nesse sentido a pesquisa contribuiu para a melhoria do referencial teórico sobre redes colaborativas, permitindo uma visão mais ampla e integrada dos diferentes elementos que compõem a criação de organizações virtuais. Essa contribuição foi possível por meio das visões que cada modelo da metodologia EKD trouxe à pesquisa. O modelo de referência permitiu apresentar os objetivos, os conceitos, as regras de negócios, os processos, os atores, os recursos, os requisitos e os componentes técnicos, relativos à criação de organizações virtuais. / The transformations in contemporary society worldwide lead companies to lower their design cycles-product-development in order to remain flexible, dynamic and therefore competitive in market. In this new scenario arise networks, alliances that are formed by entities geographically distributed, heterogeneous, and through collaborative work, share resources, risks and responsibilities, in order to reach common goals. Among the various manifestations of collaborative networks in the literature, the network called Virtual Breeding Environment-VBE is a highlight in the global economy, since its operation enables the creation of virtual organizations. The objective of this research is to propose a reference model for operationalizing environments to create virtual organizations, under the analytical approach of collaborative networks. The research method used was the study of multiple cases by analyzing eight VBEs. The methodology that supported the creation of reference model called EKD (Enterprise Knowledge Development), which has models of goals, concepts, business rules, actors and resources, business processes and components and technical requirements. The research identified that despite VBEs keep the focus on the creation of virtual organizations, most of the practices recommended in the literature on the subject, are not followed, it is not a current practice of collaborative work. In this sense the research contributed to the improvement of the theoretical referential on collaborative networks, enabling a broader and integrated of the different elements that make up the creation of virtual organizations. This contribution was made possible by the visions that each model of the EKD methodology brought to the research The reference model presents the objectives, concepts, business rules, processes, actors, resources, requirements and technical components, on the creation of virtual organizations.

As transformações na sociedade contemporânea mundial levam as empresas a diminuírem seus ciclos de projeto-desenvolvimento-produto, com o objetivo de se manterem flexíveis, dinâmicas e, por conseguinte, competitivas no mercado. Nesse novo cenário surgem as redes, que são alianças constituídas por entidades geograficamente distribuídas e heterogêneas, e que por meio do trabalho colaborativo, compartilham recursos, riscos e competências, visando o alcance de metas comuns. Entre as diversas manifestações de redes colaborativas presentes na literatura, a rede denominada Ambiente de Criação de Organizações Virtuais (Virtual Breeding Environment - VBE) tem um destaque no cenário econômico mundial, uma vez que ela pode propiciar a criação de organizações virtuais. O objetivo desta pesquisa é propor um modelo de referência para operacionalização de ambientes para a criação de organizações virtuais, sob o recorte analítico de redes colaborativas. O método de pesquisa empregado foi o de estudo de múltiplos casos, por meio da análise de oito VBEs. A metodologia que deu suporte à criação do modelo de referência denomina-se EKD (Enterprise Knowledge Development), a qual possui os modelos de objetivos, de conceitos, de regras de negócio, de atores e recursos, de processos de negócios e de componentes e requisitos técnicos. A pesquisa permitiu identificar que apesar dos VBEs manterem o foco na criação de organizações virtuais, a maioria das práticas recomendadas pela literatura sobre o assunto, ainda não são seguidas, não sendo práticas correntes do trabalho colaborativo. Nesse sentido a pesquisa contribuiu para a melhoria do referencial teórico sobre redes colaborativas, permitindo uma visão mais ampla e integrada dos diferentes elementos que compõem a criação de organizações virtuais. Essa contribuição foi possível por meio das visões que cada modelo da metodologia EKD trouxe à pesquisa. O modelo de referência permitiu apresentar os objetivos, os conceitos, as regras de negócios, os processos, os atores, os recursos, os requisitos e os componentes técnicos, relativos à criação de organizações virtuais. / The transformations in contemporary society worldwide lead companies to lower their design cycles-product-development in order to remain flexible, dynamic and therefore competitive in market. In this new scenario arise networks, alliances that are formed by entities geographically distributed, heterogeneous, and through collaborative work, share resources, risks and responsibilities, in order to reach common goals. Among the various manifestations of collaborative networks in the literature, the network called Virtual Breeding Environment-VBE is a highlight in the global economy, since its operation enables the creation of virtual organizations. The objective of this research is to propose a reference model for operationalizing environments to create virtual organizations, under the analytical approach of collaborative networks. The research method used was the study of multiple cases by analyzing eight VBEs. The methodology that supported the creation of reference model called EKD (Enterprise Knowledge Development), which has models of goals, concepts, business rules, actors and resources, business processes and components and technical requirements. The research identified that despite VBEs keep the focus on the creation of virtual organizations, most of the practices recommended in the literature on the subject, are not followed, it is not a current practice of collaborative work. In this sense the research contributed to the improvement of the theoretical referential on collaborative networks, enabling a broader and integrated of the different elements that make up the creation of virtual organizations. This contribution was made possible by the visions that each model of the EKD methodology brought to the research The reference model presents the objectives, concepts, business rules, processes, actors, resources, requirements and technical components, on the creation of virtual organizations.

Aus der Zusammenfassung: "Innovationsfördernde Führungsorganisation und schnelle, hierarchieübergreifende Entscheidungsprozesse sind Themen mit wachsender Bedeutung sowohl in der Wirtschaft als auch in der Forschung und öffentlichen Verwaltung. Dabei stehen insbesondere international tätige Unternehmen und virtuelle Organisationen mit ihren stark dezentralisierten Strukturen vor einer großen Herausforderung."

This study represents an attempt to address and discuss some of the most significant questions in the research on virtual software development work today. The research is held as a collective case study, including three cases with distinctive characteristics in both the software projects investigated and the types of collaborations. The study aims to reveal the success factors in virtual work, especially on the issues of communication, coordination and collaboration, by presenting the unfavorable experiences and major issues encountered in each case, as well as the favorable ones and lessons learned at the end of the development processes. The collective research focuses on both the global and non-global contexts. As a result, it points out the distinctive and opposite findings of the cases, and proposes discussions of those findings according to the properties of the development settings.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-12-12T20:32:01Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao Manuel Gama - PDF.pdf: 374993 bytes, checksum: 261c0e52bd3079e5c3bd5e16e5088ffd (MD5) Previous issue date: 2005-11-25 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Several factors have led to the increase in partnerships, mergers, strategic alliances and cooperation among companies. Among these factors, some can be highlighted: the globalization caused by the progress in information and communication technology, and the recent trend among companies to focus on specific abilities, essential competences, trying to become more efficient in order to survive in the current competitive market. Within this context, the association of companies using virtual organizations is an appropriate way to develop competitive advantage. For this reason, this study presents the process of creation of a virtual company and the use of business cooperation for boosting exports. This study is based on the model used empirically by Moldexport, and it carries out a theoretical correlation with concepts of Virtual Organization, besides recognizing, systematizing and proposing this model as a theoretical reference, identifying it as useful due to its conceptual premises of business collaboration and cooperation for small and medium size companies. The academic aim of this work is to collaborate in research and studies on strategic management of organizations that use this new type of organization arrangement, since there have been few experiments on cooperative management and virtual organizations, particularly in the Brazilian market. Finally, it aims to attract the attention of the academic world to the concept of Virtual Organization as a modern and efficient management model. / Diversos fatores levam ao crescimento de parcerias, fusões, alianças estratégicas e cooperações entre empresas. Dentre estes podem ser destacados: a globalização, oriunda do avanço de novas tecnologias de informação e comunicação e a tendência das empresas concentrarem-se em habilidades específicas, competências essenciais, procurando, dessa forma, tornarem-se ágeis para sobreviverem no competitivo mercado atual. Nesse cenário, a associação de empresas através de organizações virtuais constitui uma apropriada alternativa de desenvolver vantagem competitiva. Dessa forma, este estudo apresenta o processo de desenvolvimento de uma empresa virtual e a cooperação empresarial como modelo para o desenvolvimento de exportações. Esse estudo serve-se, como base, do modelo utilizado empiricamente pela empresa Moldexport, e faz a correlação teórica do modelo com os conceitos da Organização Virtual, reconhece, sistematiza e propõe esse modelo como referencial teórico, identificando como de grande utilidade, pelas suas premissas conceituais de colaboração e cooperação empresarial, para micro e pequenas empresas. A relevância acadêmica do presente trabalho se pauta em contribuir nas pesquisas e estudos sobre gestão estratégica de organizações que aderem a essa nova modalidade de arranjo organizacional, uma vez que existem poucas experiências sobre gestão cooperada e organizações virtuais, principalmente no mercado brasileiro. Finalmente, chama a atenção do meio acadêmico para o conceito da cooperação empresarial no modelo de Organização Virtual como um moderno e eficiente modelo de gestão.

Organizations have become the backbone of the society. Humans live around all kinds of organizations, such as neighborhood communities, businesses, schools, unions, political, sports, and religious organizations, etc. These organizations have a set of members, each playing a specific role, which determines their duties and functionalities within the organization. One of these functionalities is to offer a range of services to members of the organization and external people. These members must follow a set of norms to ensure the proper functioning of the organization and should pursue the global goals of the organization. A feature that is repeated in organizations is that they are not static but dynamic, resulting in changes in both its structure and the way in which they behave. In an organization, any of its elements is prone to change due to situations that occur in the organization itself or its environment. Researchers in the field of social sciences and organizations have studied such situations, the reasons why they appear and solutions and actions to be taken to ensure that this situation does not damage the organization or to take advantage of the situation. These situations are known as ‘Forces that drive organizational change’. Human organizations are the main source of inspiration for the Multi-Agent Systems (MAS) based on organizations. These systems are computational abstractions that are populated by agents instead of people, but take into account organizational elements such as roles, services, goals, norms, etc. However, the proposals that have been presented up to now to define this type of MAS are focused mostly on static systems, without changes in its structure. Moreover, in the few proposals that take into account organizational changes, they just state that changes occur, but without specifying the reason for change. Thus, the concept of ‘forces that drive organizational change’ (and their features) is not considered. Therefore, the objective of this PhD thesis is to translate the knowledge of the forces that drive organizational change available in human organizations to MASbased organizations. These forces will be formally expressed with the factors that help to detect them. The solutions to be taken when a force is detected will also be presented. To correctly perform this task, a formalization for virtual organizations is designed, named Virtual Organization Formalization (VOF). Moreover, the Artifacts for Organizational Mechanisms are proposed, which are a tool to help in the representation of organizational knowledge and in the modeling of the environment of the organization. This tool is based on the Agents & Artifacts (A&A) framework. / Esparcia García, S. (2015). Integrating driving forces into the development of Adaptive Virtual Organizations [Tesis doctoral no publicada]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/48538 / TESIS

The Internet is a collection of computer networks; it is the most important networkingenvironment in the world, it used for information interchanges in virtual network. Wirelesstechnologies, such as Wi-Fi, WiMAX etc, can suggest more suitable and cooler way forinformation interchanges in virtual network.The most well-known ongoing wireless city projects are counting Wireless Philadelphia, GoogleWi-Fi Mountain View, Wireless Taipei City, and San Francisco Tech Connect project. Web haslimits of interactivity and presentation. The Web’s client-server architecture blocks informationexchange. Furthermore, most Web applications are only intended for conservative computers,not for mobile handheld devices. In period of information exchange on the Web, the new Web2.0 is suggested. Web 2.0 refers to a perceived or planned second generation of Internet-basedservices, such as public networking sites, wikis, communication tools, which highlight onlineteamwork and sharing among users.A virtual network or online community is a collection of people that may or may not chiefly ororiginally connect or interact via the Internet. Virtual network have also become an additionalform of communication amid people who know each other in actual life. Today, virtual networkcan be used insecurely for a diversity of social collections interacting via the Internet. It does notunavoidably mean that there is a solid bond between the members.The validation methods like internal validity, external validity and Reliability for this researchand how it affects these methods for our research. We also use interview method has beenconsidered for this research. We will use diagrams, models, prototypes, and texts, to illuminate our result. We will define allthe diagrams and models and prototypes in my own text. We will give the reference of theoriginal data collected from various sources where as from Internet, websites, books andJournals. / Program: Magisterutbildning i informatik