Hälsofrämjande ledarskap är ett ämne som diskuteras flitigt. Studier finns och pågår inom ämnet, om vad hälsofrämjande ledarskap är och dess fördelar. Hälsofrämjande ledarskap inbegriper många aspekter, varpå författarna fann det intressant att undersöka hur hälsofrämjande ledarskap identifieras, vad det får för utfall om det utövas och vilka förutsättningar som krävs. Studien fann att den hälsofrämjande ledaren identifieras genom ett specifikt beteende, att den hälsofrämjande ledaren bidrar till en god arbetstrivsel, låg sjukfrånvaro och generellt bättre hälsa. Vidare fann studien att ledaren behöver förutsättningar för att arbeta hälsoorienterat och vad ledarens förutsättningar sedan innebär för medarbetarna. Studien är en litteraturstudie och är långt ifrån heltäckande, men författarnas sammantagna upplevelse är att studiens slutsatser visar på viktiga aspekter kring det hälsofrämjande ledarskapet –hur ledaren beter sig indikerar på om det är ett hälsofrämjande ledarskap, vikten av att ledaren får förutsättningar att arbeta enligt ett hälsofrämjande ledarskap då detta sedan får direkt inverkan på medarbetarna. Det är dock intressant att ur ett vidare perspektiv och med andra metodiker undersöka hälsofrämjande ledarskap, till exempel genom enkätundersökningar eller riktade intervjuer på olika arbetsplatser.

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In this research we aimed to analyze which features are determining to identify and legitimate Sluicing in Portuguese namely, ellipsis of interrogative phrases or WhP Ellipsis. Interrogative phrases or wh-phrases are those always legitimated and headed by a interrogative pronoun or wh-pronoun and their ellipsis are featured by a remaining of a subordinate wh-phrase. Indeed, that phenomenon has hardly ever been studied in Portuguese, lacking a determination of which features are essentials to configure WhP ellipsis in our language. Therefore through compared syntax we looked for examples in English, which has already many studies about the subject as well as other languages as German, Greek, Hebrew, only to mention a few ones. Our result shows up that similar to English, Portuguese as well is a language that allows two essential features to identify and legitimate WhP ellipsis, [+wh], that legitimate the elided structure, and [+focus] that mostly brings up a new attribute to approaches which justify that WhP ellipsis is resulted by moving operations. As a final point, the study of a last feature, E-feature, uniform in every language which allows Slucing, reveals itself as a highly determinant feature of the emptiness left by ellipsis, once [+wh] and [+focus] are features that typify the remaining of wh-phrase after deletion and on the other hand E is a feature that typifies the elided structure. / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico / Nosso objetivo nesta pesquisa foi analisar quais traços são determinantes para a identificação e o licenciamento de truncamentos em português a saber, elipses de frases interrogadas ou elipses em WhP. As frases interrogadas ou frases-wh são aquelas sempre legitimadas e encabeçadas por um pronome interrogativo ou pronome-wh e cujas elipse é caracterizada pelo resquício de uma frase-wh encaixada. O fato é que o fenômeno tem sido ainda pouco estudado em português, faltando determinar que traços são fundamentais para a definição dessas elipses em nossa língua. Para tanto, buscamos também através da sintaxe comparada exemplos em línguas como o inglês, que já acumula estudos exaustivos sobre o fenômeno sintático, além de outras línguas como alemão, grego, hebraico, só para citar algumas. O resultado de nossa análise revela que semelhante ao inglês, o português é uma língua que admite dois traços essenciais para o licenciamento e identificação de elipses em WhP, [+wh] que licencia a estrutura elidida, e [+foco] que sobretudo dá uma nova configuração às abordagens que justificam que a elipse em WhP é resultante de operações de movimento. Por fim, a análise de um último traço, o traço-E, uniforme em toda língua que admite truncamentos, se revela como um traço especificamente característico do vazio deixado pela elipse, já que, por um lado, [+wh] e [+foco] são traços que caracterizam o resquício da frase-wh restante após a operação de apagamento, e por outro, E é um traço que caracteriza a estrutura elidida.

AFRIKAANS : Die navorsing is uitgevoer ten einde die aard en benutting van Personeelondersteuning- en Loopbaansentrum (POLS) se dienste aan die AID-personeel van die hoofkampus van UP, te verken en waar primêr gebruik gemaak was van ‘n kwantitatiewe navorsingsbenadering. Met die aanvang van die navorsingsprosedure was ‘n uitgebreide literatuurstudie oor verwante konsepte van WHPs en die universiteit as werkplek onderneem, gevolg deur empiriese navorsing deur die benutting van twee self-geadministreerde posvraelyste. Die eerste vraelys was aan geselekteerde AID-toesighouers en die tweede vraelys aan AID-werknemers ook geselekteer volgens die proporsioneel-gestratifiseerde steekproeftrekking, versprei. Daar was derhalwe deur middel van evaluerende navorsing ondersoek ingestel na werknemers en toesighouers se behoeftes en verwagtinge van die bestaande dienste, die mate van tevredenheid wat ervaar was en of hul deur die huidige dienste bereik word. Die behoefte aan ‘n volwaardige en gestruktureerde WHP vir UP was ook bepaal. Die studie het ‘n uitgebreide teoretiese deurskouing van die literatuur oor WHPs in die algemeen voorsien en aspekte soos die universiteit as werkplek, met spesifieke klem op die AID as werkplek, ondersoek en beskryf. Indien die literatuurstudie oor WHP in ag geneem word, blyk dit duidelik dat die dienste soos deur POLS gelewer, nie aan die standaarde en riglyne soos deur EAPA-SA gestel, voldoen nie. POLS voldoen op hierdie stadium ook nie aan ‘n tipiese WHP of Bedryfsmaatskaplike werk program nie, vanweë die lewering van beperkte dienste. Die literatuur het ook lig gewerp op die feit dat die WHP ten doel het om die organisasie se visie en missie te ondersteun. Die werksopset, organisasie dinamika en personeel diversiteit binne die Universiteit van Pretoria het dan ook aangedui dat die universiteit ‘n unieke werkgewer is en ook gebonde is tot die onderskrywing van verskeie wetgewing soos van toepassing op alle ander werkgewers. Die AID se missie, organisasiestruktuur, strategiese bestuur, fasiliteite en menslike hulpbronne dui daarop dat die AID nie van enige ander organisasie met betrekking tot werknemer en werkgewer verwagtinge verskil nie. Die literatuurstudie het aangedui dat die kern van WHPs gesetel is in ‘n doelgerigte en gestruktureerde program met die uitsluitlike doel om die werknemer se algehele maatskaplike funksionering te bevorder. Die empiriese navorsing het getoon dat POLS, as die Universiteit van Pretoria se hulpverleningsdiens, nie ten volle in die doel kon slaag nie. Die situasie kan grootliks toegeskryf word aan onkunde met betrekking tot POLS en gepaardgaande dienslewering asook die leemte aan doeltreffende bemarking deur POLS. Daar word derhalwe aanbeveel dat die Universiteit van Pretoria sterk oorweging skenk aan die ontwikkeling en implementering van ‘n volwaardige gestruktureerde werknemerhulpprogram, geskoei op die voorskrifte en beleid van EAPA-SA. ENGLISH : The research was performed to explore the nature and utilization of the Employee Assistance- and Career Centre's (EACC) services to the Academic Information Service (AIS) personnel on the main Campus of the University of Pretoria, and where a quantitative research approach was primarily used. With the commencement of the research procedure an extensive literature study about related concepts of EAP's and the University as a work place was undertaken, followed by empirical research through the usage of two self administered post questionnaires. The first questionnaire was sent to selected AIS-supervisors and the second questionnaire to the AIS-employees, also selected according to proportional stratified sampling procedure. An investigation was therefore done, through research evaluation, whether the employees and supervisors' needs and expectations of existing services, the extent of satisfaction experienced have been met and whether they are reached by the present services. The need for a full-fledged and structured EAP for UP was also determined. The study provided an extensive theoretical study of the literature on EAPs in general and surveyed and described aspects such as the university as work place, with specific emphasis on AIS as work place. Should the literature study on EAP be taken into account, it is evident that services provided by EACC, do not comply with standards and guidelines set by EAPA-SA. The EACC does not comply, at this stage, to a typical EAP or Occupational Social Work programme, because of the delivery of limited services. The literature also revealed the fact that EAPs purpose is to support the vision and mission of the organization. The work set-up, organization dynamics and personnel diversity with-in the University of Pretoria also indicated that the University is a unique employer who is also tied to the underwriting of several legislation applicable to all employers. The AIS's mission, organizational structure, strategical management, facilities and human resources, indicated that AIS do not differ from any other organization with regards to employee and employer expectations. The literature study indicated that the core of EAPs is settled in a purposeful and structured programme with the exclusive purpose to promote the employee's entire social well-being. The empirical study showed that the EACC, as employee assistance service of the University of Pretoria, could not reach the expected goals. This can be assigned to the lack of knowledge regarding EACC and their services, as well as the inefficient marketing by EACC. It is therefore recommended that the University of Pretoria should strongly consider a full-fledged Employee Assistance Programme based on the prescription and policies upheld by EAPA-SA. / Dissertation (MSD)--University of Pretoria, 2009. / Social Work and Criminology / unrestricted