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Indoor air pollution in China : analysis of global warming contributions and exposure to particles /Alnes, Line Winther Hansen. January 2008 (has links) (PDF)
Master's thesis. / Format: PDF. Bibl.
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Global climate change, habitat fragmentation, and the lesser long-nosed bat what next? /Healy, Megan. January 2007 (has links) (PDF)
Thesis (M.E.S.)--The Evergreen State College, 2007. / Title from title screen (viewed 2/25/2009). Includes bibliographical references (leaves 32-38).
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Combined effects of global warming and a shutdown of the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation on West African and European climateBrown, Meredith Guenevere Longshore 20 July 2012 (has links)
The Atlantic meridional overturning circulation has a vast potential for abrupt climate change due to its large heat transport through the ocean and its nonlinear dynamics. Because of these unique properties, this paper investigates how the climate of West Africa and Europe will respond to a shutdown of the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation at the end of the 21st century. Here we use a regional climate model with 90-km grid spacing is forced by an idealized sea-surface temperature anomaly, based upon coupled atmosphere/ocean global model water hosing experiments, with a business-as-usual global warming scenario to discover how West African and European climate will change.
In both the boreal spring and summer, cooling in the eastern Atlantic is associated with a strong intensification and eastward extension of the North Atlantic subtropical high over Europe throughout the depth of the atmosphere, a strengthening of the heat low over West Africa at low levels, and a weakening of the Saharan High in the upper atmosphere. Rainfall rates also decrease markedly throughout most of West Africa and Europe: in spring, rainfall rates decrease by 50-80% over Sahelian Africa, in summer rainfall over Europe decreases by up to 90%, while precipitation over West Africa is reduced by 40%. / text
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20th century warming: what fractions are fromanthropogenic greenhouse gases and from natural on solar effects?Guzy, Jr Darrel James. January 2011 (has links)
published_or_final_version / Applied Geosciences / Master / Master of Science
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The effects of elevated temperature and pCO2 on the developmental eco-physiology of the European lobster, Homarus gammarus (L.)Small, Daniel Peter January 2013 (has links)
The successful completion of the early developmental stages in organisms with complex life cycles is crucial to the persistence of a species both at the local and global scale. Thus changes in the abiotic environment experienced during larval and early benthic development can have profound effects on the development and ultimately dynamics of populations of marine invertebrates. The effects of elevated temperature and pCO2 in line with future predictions of anthropogenic climate change, ocean warming and ocean acidification (OA), on the survivorship and growth during early development of marine invertebrates is beginning to be understood, yet the underlying physiological ontogeny driving such changes, and the more subtle effects on physiological performance of climate change drivers, has yet to be distinguished. Therefore the aim of the present study is to investigate the effects of elevated temperature and pCO2 on the developmental eco-physiology of an economically and ecologically important species, the European lobster, Homarus gammarus, to characterise the underlying physiological responses of early development behind responses of survival and growth. The main findings relate to how changing optimal temperature conditions during larval development results in changes in metabolic performance and therefore aerobic scope, ultimately driving survival and growth. Larval stages which exhibit narrower aerobic scope were also sensitive to elevated pCO2 evident as reduced survival, changes to energetic demands and organic content, and reduced calcification. Furthermore, this is the first attempt to characterise the physiological response of early benthic juveniles to climate change drivers. Early benthic juveniles are quite different in underlying physiology to later juveniles and adults, cumulating in this stage being energy limited. Such limitations are expressed as a reduction in aerobic scope in relation to elevated temperature and pCO2, and associated sensitiveness to elevated pCO2 resulting in increased moult related mortalities and the breakdown of haemolymph buffering capacity under combinations of elevated temperature and pCO2. Throughout early development, elevated temperature and pCO2, through underlying physiological responses, may have dramatic effects on the geographic range and successful development of H. gammarus.
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Iešmų šildymo sistemos efektyvumo tyrimas / Research on the efficiency of railroad switch warming systemNovickij, Vitalij 16 August 2007 (has links)
Tyrime sulygintos senos kartos sniego valymo sistemos su nauja skaitmeninio valdymo šildymo sistema. Atsižvelgus į gautus rezultatus, pateiktiami pasiūlymai sniego valymo sistemoms efektyvumo didinimui. Tyrimas skirtas sistemų optimizavimui ir elektros energijos vartojimo mažinimui. / Point heating systems, used by SC „Lietuvos gelezinkeliai“, have to warrant safe and reliable train traffic. It is designed to melt ice which is between point’s spike and frame rail and accomplish heating elements’ and other system parts monitoring and control according the stated parameters. At present the snow blowing system use a lot of electrical energy, the research is dedicated to optimize the systems and to reeducated use of electrical energy.
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Management of British Columbia’s forests in response to climate changeSawden, Andrew 02 December 2009 (has links)
Climate change is an undeniable global event. Widely believed to be caused by human activities that release greenhouse gases, this change in climate will occur over a very short period of time when it is compared to natural climate variations. The effect the change will have on environments is somewhat unknown and any predictions are best guess scenarios. In British Columbia the mountain pine beetle has destroyed millions of pine trees but the infestation is not yet done. This may be one of the early symptoms of global warming on the British Columbia environment. Climate change will warm temperatures in BC and increase the annual precipitation. These warmer temperatures allow for longer growing seasons and in many cases, more favorable growing conditions. Studies on Sitka Spruce have found increases in volume growth by as much as 20% and growth in the boreal has been found to increase with higher CO2 levels and warmer temperatures. Climate change does not have to mean beetle epidemics and dying ecosystems. With proactive management British Columbia may actually find benefits in a warming climate.
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Hidroenergijos panaudojimo raida ir perspektyvos / Hydroenergy use and developmentVizbaras, Andrius 28 June 2008 (has links)
Ilgą laiko tarpą hidroenergetika vertinta kaip sėkminga žmonijos vystimosi ir akivaizdžios naudos išraiška, pastaruoju metu siejama su reikšmingu poveikiu gamtinei aplinkai bei įtaka klimato kaitai. Lygumų šalyse, net ir mažos galios hidroelektrinių statyba pareikalauja didelių užliejamų žemės plotų. Šiame darbe atlikome aštuoniasdešimties iki 2007 metų pastatytų hidroelektrinių poveikio aplinkai analizę bei aptarėme galimą „Lietuvos hidroenergetinių išteklių schemoje„ numatytų statyti HE poveikį aplinkai palyginant didžiąją ir mažąją hidroenergetiką. Atlikus tyrimą nustatyta, kad nedidelės galios hidroelektrinės poveikis aplinkai, lyginant pagaminamos energijos vienetui yra daug didesnis nei didelių hidroelektrinių atveju. Tam, kad pagaminti 1 kW elektros energijos – 100 kW galingumo hidroelektrinėje, reikės užlieti apie 0,5 ha žemės, kai tokiam pačiam kiekiui pagaminti didelėje (100MW) galios HE prireiks 0,06 ha užliejamos žemės. Planuojamų statyti hidroelektrinių atveju, nepriklausomai nuo regiono, hidroelektrinių tvenkiniai užlietų didelius, žemių plotus. Įgyvendinant „Lietuvos hidroenergetinių išteklių schemą“ būtų sunaikinti 670 km2. miškų ir žemės ūkio naudmenų. Vien tik užtvankos ant Nemuno užlietų 278 km2 užimantį plotą. Užliejamos žemės vertintinos kaip didelę ekologinę ir estetinę vertę turinčios teritorijos, pasižyminčiomis unikaliomis gamtinėmis buveinėmis ir turtinga rūšine įvairove. Užliejus teritorijas radikaliai pakeičiamas kraštovaizdis, prarandamos... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / During the last century hydroenergy become one of the most important energy source in the world. However, the environmental impacts of dams have been disccused widely in recent years. Number of reserches indicates dams reservoir as an significant greenhouse gas source. The objective of this research was to evaluate the effects on environment made by electrical dams in country of flatlands. To assess all possible impact of designed power plants, analysis of more than 80 working electrical dams has been made. The impact of small and large power plants was considered. Analysis shows that there was a quite big difference in flooded land area per energy unit (kW), between low-power and high-power hydroelectric. Average flooded area for 100 kW power plant destroys over 0,5 hectare of species rich semi-natural grasslands forests and other landed property. When high-power (100MW) hydroelectric dam require only about 0,06 hectare of flooded land per unit. Thus, indicates that small water-plants gives much more negative impact per unit, than big ones. However, the impact of dams, are highly destructive in conditions of flatlands. Results has showed that further hydroenergy development in Lithuania, according to planned “Lithuanian hydroenergy resource use scheme” would require vast flooded area of total 670 km2. In addition, dams reservoir emit a significant amount of greenhouse gas to the atmosphere. The impact of Global warming will contribute 43960 thousand ton of CO2 and 580... [to full text]
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Comparative ecophysiology of North American spruce speciesMiyazawa, Kae. January 1999 (has links)
An ecophysiological comparison among species was conducted to investigate the possible factors controlling the distribution of North American spruce (Picea) species, especially with regard to the possible influence of global change. The seedlings of 8 North American spruce species were grown in a growth chamber, with half of them being given an episodic 'increased temperature and drought' stress treatment. Trait values among species, particularly growth analysis components, were compared and related to climatic variables associated with the geographical range of the species. Relative growth rate (RGR) and specific leaf area (SLA) were positively correlated with latitude, and the leaf weight ratio (LWR) variation negatively with the dryness of species' natural ranges. All these relationships hold with both messed and unstressed seedlings, even thou seedling response to the stress was significant. The SLA-latitude and LWR-dryness relationships are likely to have ecological significance, and this indicates that foliage stricture (SLA) and allocation (LWR) play important roles determining a species range along temperature and dryness gradients.
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Global warming discourse and the economic dilemma of sustainability : the potential contribution of African ethics.Mware, Mike. 20 December 2013 (has links)
This paper focuses on the possible input of African Ethics into the global warming and climate change discourse in light of the economic dilemma of sustainability. The paper argues that African Ethics through its concept of Ubuntu can make a worthy contribution to the issues surrounding sustainable development, ecological debt and international climate change talks. In a world where the lives of the affluent nations impact drastically on our climate and necessitate calamitous climate disasters and cause the poor to suffer, why is it that the international community has not reached any noteworthy climate change solutions? The same poor countries are also burdened by payment of huge debts and poor climate change adaptation and development. Can African ethics make some contribution to these challenging issues brought by global warming and climate change? The dissertation seeks to tackle these questions by employing a qualitative methodology informed by Gadamer’s philosophical hermeneutics and using the research design of Boff’s ecological holism and Murove’s relational paradigm. However, in order for African ethics to make such a viable contribution the paper seeks to reveal the philosophical and economic substrata sustaining the incessant degradation of the ecology. This opens us the entry point for African ethics through Ubuntu to engage with other voices in the search for solutions to the global warming and climate change crises. / Thesis (M.A.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, 2013.
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