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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
211

Renewable Electricity Policies in the U.S.: A Comparison of Renewable Portfolio Standards and Feed-in Tariffs

Renshaw, Jeffrey S. January 2009 (has links)
Thesis advisor: Frank Gollop / Thesis advisor: James Dalton / There is a push for more electricity from renewable energy sources in the United States and around the world, but debate exists over the best policy to achieve this growth. Two common policies include renewable portfolio standards and feed-in tariffs. Using two Energy Information Administration forecasts from 2005 to 2030, this study examines the impacts of possible federal renewable portfolio standards in the United States through a benefit-costs analysis. Using the same benefit-cost analysis, a feed-in tariff policy in Germany and a unique renewables obligation in the United Kingdom are also examined and the results are compared. This study finds that only one of the four examined policies has a net benefit to society, the policy being a renewable portfolio standard requiring 25% of electricity supplied in the United States to be from renewable energy sources by the year 2025. The economic theory gives support to the superiority of renewable portfolio standards, although more study in needed on the dynamic efficiencies and other possible policy options. / Thesis (BA) — Boston College, 2009. / Submitted to: Boston College. College of Arts and Sciences. / Discipline: College Honors Program. / Discipline: Economics Honors Program. / Discipline: Economics.
212

O acolhimento ao doente com tuberculose: estudo comparativo entre uma unidade de saúde da família e um ambulatório de especialidades médicas, São Paulo/SP, 2003 / Warning reception to the patient with tuberculosis: a comparative study between a family health unit and a clinic of medical Specialties, Sao Paulo/SP, 2003

Campinas, Lucia de Lourdes Souza Leite 24 March 2004 (has links)
Objetivo O acolhimento é de fundamental importância nos serviços de saúde. O objetivo da pesquisa foi estudar o processo de acolhimento entre pacientes e profissionais de saúde em uma Unidade de Saúde da Família (USF) e em um Ambulatório de Especialidades Médicas (AEM). O acolhimento entendido não apenas no sentido do acesso à demanda espontânea, mas no sentido de aceitação do doente como sujeito de direitos, desejos para o qual torna-se necessário uma boa comunicação e relacionamento profissional-paciente, a fim de estabelecer uma relação de compromisso e de confiança mútua. Métodos. Trata-se de uma pesquisa de campo, descritiva, com emprego do método quantiqualitativo. Os dados foram coletados por meio de entrevista semi-estruturada. A amostra foi intencional com 32 doentes com tuberculose e 35 profissionais de saúde. A análise das questões fechadas foi descritiva e as questões abertas por meio da técnica do Discurso do Sujeito Coletivo (DSC). Resultados. Na USF os doentes exaltam o acolhimento e a boa qualidade da consulta médica e a atuação dos Agentes Comunitários de Saúde (ACS); observou-se dificuldades de acesso ao serviço. Em contrapartida a queixa no AEM é centrada no modo impessoal e rápido do atendimento. A visão do acolhedor sobre o acolhido é divergente no AEM e USF. No AEM alguns profissionais imputam a culpa ao doente, que é tachado de malandro e desinteressado no cuidado de sua saúde. Na USF essa visão se respalda nos problemas sociais do doente e no estigma causado pela tuberculose. Conclusões. Entre outros aspectos conclui-se que o AEM estudado, apesar da resolutividade dos casos, apresenta falhas na sua capacidade de acolhimento ao doente de tuberculose. Na USF a estratégia do PSF favorece um melhor acolhimento aos doentes com tuberculose, principalmente por meio do trabalho dos agentes comunitários de saúde. / Objective: The warming reception is crucially important in health services. The objective of this research was studying the warming reception procedure between patients and health professionals in a Family Heath Unit (USF) and in a Clinic of Medical Specialties (AEM). This reception is not only understood as the acceptance of a spontaneous necessity, but also the patients rights acceptance, for which a good communication as well the professional-patient relationship become essential in order to establish commitment and mutual reliability. Methods: It refers to a descriptive survey using the quanti-qualitative method. Data was collected by a semi-structured interview. The sample was intentional with 32 patients with tuberculosis and 35 health professionals. The closed questions analysis was descriptive and the opened questions one was done by the Collective Subject s Speech technique (DSC). Results: In the USF, patients praise the warming reception, the good quality medical consultation and the Health Community Agents job (ACS); however some difficulties in the access to the service were observed. On the other hand, complaints concerning the AEM are related to a quick and impersonal service. The professionals point of view about the patients differs in the AEM and in the USF. In the former one, some professionals attribute the fault to the patient, who is considered idle and uninterested in his/her health care. In the latter one, the problems are social related to the patient and the stigma caused by the illness. Conclusions: Among other features, it can be concluded that the AEM studied is faulty in the warming reception to the patient with tuberculosis, despite cases resolution. In the USF, the PSF strategy provides the patients with a better reception, mainly through the health community agents job.
213

Dinâmica dos gases de efeito estufa do sistema solo-planta em sistemas de integração / Greenhouse gas dynamics in the soil-plant system in integrated systems

Alves, Milene Gondim de Oliveira 17 August 2017 (has links)
A agricultura está relacionada à concentração atmosférica de gases de efeito estufa (GEE) através dos processos básicos que ocorrem no sistema solo-planta. Mudanças no uso e manejo do solo podem causar tanto efeito negativo como positivo no que se refere à emissão de gases de efeito estufa para a atmosfera. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o fluxo de óxido nitroso e metano em diferentes sistemas de produção agropecuários e na vegetação natural durante as estações do ano, analisando os fatores edafoclimáticos que influenciam as emissões desses gases de efeito estufa. O experimento foi desenvolvido na Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária, na cidade de São Carlos - SP (21 ° 57\'S, 47 ° 50\'W), no período de outubro de 2013 a agosto de 2014, onde se avaliou o fluxo de gases de efeito estufa em todas as estações do ano. Foram avaliadas as emissões de óxido nitroso (N2O) e metano (CH4) das pastagens pelo solo dos sistemas de integração lavoura-pecuária floresta - ILPF, integração lavoura-pecuária - ILP, silvipastoril - IPF, pastagem sob manejo intensivo - INT, pastagem sob manejo extensivo - EXT e a vegetação natural (Floresta Estacional Semidecidual do Bioma Mata Atlântica) - Floresta. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos ao acaso com repetições. Foram usadas duas repetições para cada área de pastagem, que consistiram nos blocos. Os fluxos líquidos de emissão de óxido nitroso e metano foram coletados de amostras de ar provenientes de \"câmaras estáticas\", seis por tratamento, sendo três câmaras (repetições) por bloco (área de pastagem ou parcelas na floresta) em cada amostragem. As coletas das amostras gasosas foram feitas em três tempos (0, 30 e 60 minutos) durante 10 dias em cada estação do ano (meados) e analisadas por cromatografia gasosa. Simultaneamente às coletas de gases, coletaram-se amostras de solo em áreas adjacentes para determinação dos teores de N-total, N-NH+4 e N-NO-3 e da umidade gravimétrica. Nessas amostras foram mensuradas a fertilidade do solo, as densidades aparente e de partícula do solo e a porcentagem do espaço poroso do solo ocupado por água. Nas taxas de emissões de metano, os sistemas de produção intensivo e extensivo tiveram as maiores contribuições, ambos com uma emissão média diária de 0,067g de CH4 ha-1 d-1. O verão foi a estação do ano que apresentou a maior emissão de metano, com uma taxa média de 0,110 g CH4 ha-1 d-1. Em relação ao óxido nitroso, os sistemas de iLP e intensivo, apresentaram os menores índices de emissão, 0,007 g de N2O ha-1 d-1. Entre as estações do ano, não houve diferença estatística na emissão média de N2O. Dentre as variáveis edafoclimáticas correlacionadas com a emissão dos gases, somente temperatura média e máxima apresentaram correlação significativa com o fluxo de N2O ha-1 d-1 e para o metano, temperatura média e mínima, umidade relativa do ar, precipitação, espaço poroso do solo, amônio e nitrato do solo obtiveram correlação com a emissão de CH4 ha-1 d-1, entretanto as correlações foram muito fracas. Houve interação entre as estações do ano e os sistemas de produção para os fluxos dos gases de efeito estufa. As emissões de metano e óxido nitroso foram bastante baixas em todos os sistemas de produção e na floresta e variaram em função das estações do ano, havendo pequenos fluxos de emissão e, em algumas ocasiões, influxos na dinâmica dos gases metano e óxido nitroso. / Agriculture is related to the atmospheric concentration of greenhouse gases (GHG) through the basic processes that occur in the soil-plant system. Changes in land use and management can cause both negative and positive effects on GHG emission into the atmosphere. The objective of this work was to evaluate the flow of nitrous oxide (N2O) and methane (CH4) in different agricultural production systems and in the natural vegetation during the four seasons, analyzing the edaphoclimatic factors that influence the emissions of these gases. The experiment was carried out at the Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation, in São Carlos, SP (21 ° 57\'S, 47 ° 50\'W), from October 2013 to August 2014. Nitrous oxide and methane emissions were evaluated in the soil of the crop-livestock-forest (CLF), crop-livestock (CL) and livestock-forest (LF) integrated systems, traditional intensively manged pasture (INT), pasture under extensive management - EXT and the natural vegetation - Seasonal Semideciduous Forest of the Atlantic Forest Biome - FOR. The experimental design was in randomized blocks (two replicates per treatment). Nitrous oxide and CH4 emission net flows were collected from air samples from six \"static chambers\" allocated per treatment (three replicates) per block (pasture area or forest plots) at each sampling. The gas samples were collected three times (0, 30 and 60 minutes) and analyzed by gas chromatography. Simultaneously to the gas sampling, soil samples were collected in adjacent areas to determine N-total, N-NH+4 and N-NO-3 contents and gravimetric moisture. The soil fertility, apparent and particle densities and the percentage of soil porous space occupied by water were measured. In the methane emission rates, intensive and extensive production systems had the highest contributions, both with an average daily emission of 0.067g CH4 ha-1 d-1. Summer was the season with the highest methane emission, with an average rate of 0.110 g CH4 ha-1 d-1. In relation to nitrous oxide, the iLP and intensive systems had the lowest emission rates, 0.007 g of N2O ha-1 d-1. Among the seasons, there was no statistical difference in the mean emission of N2O. Among the edaphoclimatic variables correlated with the gas emission, only mean and maximum temperature showed a significant correlation with the N2O ha-1 d-1 flow and for methane, mean and minimum temperature, relative humidity, precipitation, pore space Soil, ammonium and soil nitrate obtained correlation with the emission of CH4 ha-1 d-1, however the correlations were very weak. There was interaction between the seasons of the year and the production systems for the flows of greenhouse gases. The emissions of methane and nitrous oxide were quite low in all production systems and in the forest and varied according to the seasons, with small emission fluxes and, at times, influxes in the dynamics of methane and nitrous oxide gases.
214

Renovável e armazenada: possível contribuição da energia solar para a manutenção da sustentabilidade e segurança da matriz energética brasileira. / Storable and renewable: possible contribuition of the solar energy to the sustainability and energy security of the brazilian electricity supply system.

Puterman, Paulo Marcos 07 October 2013 (has links)
Tendo por base o conceito de Energia Renovável e Armazenada, este trabalho realiza a comparação entre a eficiência de conversão da irradiação solar fotovoltaica e a fotossintética em Energia Elétrica através da análise do ciclo de vida energético (ACVE) e de sua expressão em empreendimentos implantados. Esta análise envolveu um exame aprofundado dos recursos (tecnologia, implantação, estrutura financeira e operativa, utilização de recursos hídricos e alocação de resíduos, além de aspectos da produção de alimentos e aquecimento global) envolvidos em todas as etapas do ciclo de vida dos empreendimentos. Isso se fazia necessário porque as eficiências propaladas em proposições acadêmicas ou comerciais tendiam a ser parciais, não dando conta da efetiva energia líquida gerada. A apuração da energia líquida gerada enfatiza a necessidade de fomento às cadeias de suprimento, incentivando conteúdo local por meio de intervenção regulatória sugerida. Tal intervenção busca identificar e favorecer uma tecnologia de conversão de irradiação solar e , assim procedendo, agregar segurança à matriz energética do Brasil, aumentando sua capacidade de armazenamento sustentável de energia. / Based on the concept of Renewable and Stored Energy, this paper performs a comparison between the efficiency of photovoltaic and photosynthetic solar electricity conversion by examining the life cycle energy analysis (ACVE) and its expression in projects deployed. This analysis involved a detailed examination of the resources (technology, deployment, operational and financial structure, water use and allocation of waste, as well as aspects of food production and global warming) involved in all stages of the life cycle of the projects. This was necessary because the efficiencies verified in academic and/or business propositions tended to be partial, not realizing the effective net energy generated. The calculation of net energy generated emphasizes the need for fostering supply chains by encouraging local content through regulatory intervention suggested. This intervention seeks to identify and promote a technology of converting solar radiation and, in so doing, add security to Brazil\'s energy matrix, increasing its storage capacity in terms of sustainable energy.
215

Conservação, uso sustentável dos recursos genéticos e distribuição natural de Myracrodruon urundeuva /

Capo, Lorena Frigini Moro January 2019 (has links)
Orientador: Ananda Virginia de Aguiar / Resumo: Myracrodruon urundeuva é uma espécie madeireira natural com grande potencial de uso comercial no Brasil, principalmente nas regiões do Pantanal, do Cerrado e da Caatinga, onde ocorre a exploração de espécies nativas. A exploração intensiva tem causado grande perda de indivíduos e o isolamento de populações em ilhas, devido à fragmentação do habitat da espécie. Assim, a adoção de estratégias para conservação ex situ de espécie nativas torna-se indispensável. Duas propostas foram idealizadas neste trabalho. A primeira foi estimar a variabilidade genética e ganho genético com a seleção de um teste de progênies. O teste de progênie consorciado com as espécies Myracrodruon urundeuva, Terminalia argentea e Astronium fraxinifolium, foi instalado em 12 de julho de 1994 na Fazenda de Ensino, Pesquisa e Extensão (FEPE), do campus de Ilha Solteira (FEIS/UNESP) na cidade Selvíria – MS. O delineamento utilizado foi o de blocos completos casualizados, contendo 28 progênies, seis plantas por parcela e quatro repetições para as espécies instaladas. Os caracteres altura e diâmetro a altura do peito (DAP) foram mensurados aos 24 anos após o plantio. Verificou-se a existência de variação genética significativa entre as progênies para os caracteres analisados. A alta taxa de sobrevivência indica boa adaptação da espécie em testes consorciados. As estimativas do coeficiente de variação genética tiveram resultados de 19,41% e 17,26% para DAP e altura, em nível de indivíduo, e de 9,7% e 8,63%, entr... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: Myracrodruon urundeuva is a natural timber species with great potential for commercial use in Brazil, especially in the Pantanal, Cerrado and Caatinga regions, where native species are exploited. Intensive exploitation has caused great loss of individuals and the isolation of populations on islands due to the fragmentation of the species' habitat. Thus, the adoption of strategies for ex situ conservation of native species becomes indispensable. Two proposals were conceived in this work. The first was to estimate the genetic variability and genetic gain with the selection of a progeny test. The progeny test consortium with the species Myracrodruon urundeuva, Terminalia argentea and Astronium fraxinifolium, was installed on July 12, 1994 at the Fazenda de Ensino, Pesquisa e Extensão (FEPE), at the campus of Ilha Solteira (FEIS / UNESP) in the city Selvíria MS. The design was a randomized complete block, containing 28 progenies, six plants per plot and four replications for the species installed. The height and diameter of the chest height (dch) were measured at 24 years after planting. There was significant genetic variation between the progenies for the characters analyzed. The high survival rate indicates good adaptation of the species in intercropping tests. Estimates of the coefficient of genetic variation showed results of 19.41% and 17.26% for DBH and height, at the individual level, and of 9.7% and 8.63% among progenies. The individual heritabilities ranged from moderate... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Mestre
216

Framing Climate Change : A study of the climate change coverage in a Swedish daily newspaper between 1992-2018 / Framing Climate Change : A study of the climate change coverage in s Swedish daily newspaper between 1992-2018

Englund, Niklas January 2019 (has links)
The purpose of this study was to examine how Dagens Nyheter uses frames when covering climate change between 1992-2018. Reports from IPCC has shown that the scientists has become more convinced over the years about the causes and effects of climate change. That makes it relevant to study if Dagens Nyheter has changed their coverage as media has the power to convey their content in many ways. This study uses framing theory which suggests that media can select some aspects of the reality, thus making them more salient in text. A quantitative content analysis was used on 550 articles, which answered to multiple questions in a coding-manual to see which frame, out of five, was used in that article. The five frames in the coding-manual was The responsibility frame, The conflict frame, The human interest frame, The economy/consequence frame and The ecology/science frame. The study showed that there were a wider spread of frames between 1992-1998, with The responsibility frame, The economy/consequence frame and The conflict frame most frequently present. However, 2000-2018 was dominated by The responsibility frame which means that the government is responsible, suggests solutions to the climate change or calls for urgent actions.
217

The effect of temperature on productivity of birds in Sweden and Finland

Orsholm, Johanna January 2019 (has links)
Anthropogenic climate change is one of the most important factors influencing population growth and survival. Therefore, to be able to predict the effect of climate change on ecosystem composition and function, it is important to understand its effect on demographic variables, such as productivity. As a measure of productivity, I related the proportion of yearling birds captured during bird ringing in southern Sweden with mean temperature during the breeding season. I then compared the relationship between temperature and productivity for species with different traits regarding number of broods produced per season, thermal niches and migration behaviours. For most species (72%), productivity positively related to temperature during the breeding season. The relationship was strongest for species with the ability to vary the number of broods per year and species with a warmer thermal niche, whereas there was no difference between long-distance migratory and short-distance migratory species. The results suggest that, for some bird species in the study area, climate warming can increase population sizes. However, long-term effects of climate change may be different than the interannual fluctuations of temperature considered in this study, especially when interacting effects of habitat losses are taken into account.
218

Global warming in the microblog era: a rhetorical analysis of Twitter dialogue between ExxonMobil and Greenpeace USA

Unknown Date (has links)
This qualitative study examines whether microblogging illustrates or contradicts the longstanding notion that the Internet allows for greater public participation in important issues, thus potentially expanding public sphere. The study analyzes 5 years of tweets about climate change between ExxonMobil and Greenpeace USA using a new hybrid, or blended methodology that combines Kenneth Burke's rhetorical analysis of cluster-agons with eight physical attributes of the Internet that Marshall Poe identified as influential in pushing societies and ideas in new directions. Clusters are also examined using Grace Poh Lyn's reflexive analysis. Additionally, the analysis also considers the use of agitative and control strategies, discursive tensions between freedom and domination, and the rhetorical use of public vernaculars. Analysis of the tweets reveals that business organizations that at first glance or in theory seem to be at odds actually share common discursive practices. They communicate about the same issues at the same or similar times using the same language for the same primary purpose-survival of the organization-while giving the impression that they are working for the good of their respective publics for environmental causes or the bottom line, or even both. The researcher concludes that although there are specific cases of microblogging in which the public benefits to some extent, those gains are either very short-lived or are more likely to exist in theory rather than practice due to the fluid nature of microblogging as well as continued organizational missteps which I call "corporate ejacking." / by Mark A. Kattoura. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--Florida Atlantic University, 2013. / Includes bibliography. / Mode of access: World Wide Web. / System requirements: Adobe Reader. / The author wishes readers to note the correction of the following person referred to in this dissertation as Burke (1964) to be cited as Burke, K. (1964). Fact, inference, and proof in the analysis of literary symbolism. In S. Hyman (Ed.), Terms for order (pp. 145-172). Bloomington: Indiana University Press. / The author wishes readers to note the correction of the following person referred to in this dissertation as Poh Lyn (2009) to be cited as Teo-Dixon, G. Poh Lyn. (2009). Rotten with perfection?: An exploration of the rhetoric of knowledge in knowledge management (Doctoral dissertation). Massey University, Albany, New Zealand.
219

Caracterização das emissões de gases de efeito estufa por veiculos automotores leves no Estado de São Paulo / Characterization of the emissions of greenhouse gases by light duty vehicles in the State of São Paulo

Vanderlei Borsari 11 September 2009 (has links)
Introdução. O aquecimento global resultante do aumento nas concentrações de gases de efeito estufa (GEE) é um dos principais problemas ambientais que o mundo enfrenta atualmente. Atividades humanas estão alterando a composição da atmosfera através da emissão de GEE, particularmente dióxido de carbono (CO2), metano (CH4), óxido nitroso (N2O). Os veículos automotores são uma importante fonte de emissão desses gases, tanto diretamente, através da emissão de gases pelo escapamento, como também através das emissões oriundas do processo de produção e manipulação dos combustíveis usados pelos mesmos. Objetivo. Obter, de uma amostra de veículos típicos da frota do estado de São Paulo, os valores da emissão dos principais gases de efeito estufa (CO2, CH4, N2O) presentes no gás de escapamento de veículos leves de passageiros equipados com motores de ignição por centelha (ciclo Otto), utilizando os combustíveis gasool 22, AEHC e GNV. Métodos. Os veículos foram ensaiados em dinamômetro de chassis, seguindo ciclo de condução e amostragem dos poluentes conforme Norma ABNT NBR 6601, para medição da emissão de escapamento; e pela Norma ABNT NBR 11481, adaptada para a medição das emissões fugitivas de metano. Além dos métodos de análise dos gases prescritos nestas Normas, foram utilizados os métodos FTIR (Fourier Transform InfraRed) para medição de CO2, CH4 e N2O e NDIR (Non Dispersive InfraRed) para medição de N2O. Resultados. As emissões médias, em g/km, de GEE presentes no gás de escapamento dos veículos ensaiados foram, respectivamente para os veículos movidos a AEHC, gasool 22 e GNV, de 193,1, 193,5 e 170,9 para o CO2; 0,050, 0,051 e 0,590 para o CH4 e 0,017, 0,068 e 0,033 para o N2O. A emissão fugitiva média de CH4 devido a vazamentos no sistema de alimentação dos veículos movidos a GNV ensaiados foi de 0,0412 g/hora. Conclusão. Embora o principal gás de efeito estufa emitido diretamente por automóveis seja sem dúvida o CO2, os gases CH4 e N2O podem contribuir de maneira significativa para a emissão total de GEE e por isso não podem ser desprezados. Apesar de a emissão de GEE por veículos ser apenas uma fração do total da emissão global, o aumento da frota mundial de veículos pode tornar essa fonte de emissão cada vez mais significativa. / Introduction. Global warming resulting from increased concentrations of greenhouse gases (GHG´s) is one of the major environmental problems the world faces today. Human activities are changing the composition of the atmosphere through the emission of GHG´s, particularly carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), and nitrous oxide (N2O). The vehicles are a source of emissions of these gases, both directly, through the emission of exhaust gases, as well as by emissions from the production process and handling of fuels used by them. Objective. To get, for a sample of typical vehicles of the fleet of the state of São Paulo, the values of the emission of the main greenhouse gases (CO2, CH4, N2O) presents in the gas of exhaust pipe of light duty passengers vehicles equipped with engines of spark ignition (Otto cycle), using the fuels gasohol 22, ethanol and CNG. Methods. The vehicles were tested on a chassis dynamometer, following driving cycle and sampling of the pollutants by the Standard ABNT NBR 6601, for measuring the exhaust emission, and the Standard ABNT NBR 11481, adapted for the measurement of fugitive emissions of methane. In addition to the methods of analysis of these gases prescribed by those standards, were used the methods FTIR (Fourier Transform InfraRed) for measurement of CO2, CH4 and N2O and NDIR (Non dispersive InfraRed) for measurement of N2O. Results. The average emissions of GHG´s in the exhaust gas of the vehicles tested were, respectively for the AEHC, gasohol and CNG vehicles, and expressed in g / km, of 193.1, 193.5 and 170.9 for CO2, 0.050, 0.051 and 0.590 for CH4 and 0.017, 0.068 and 0.033 for N2O. The average CH4 fugitive emissions due to leaks in the supply system of the CNG vehicles tested was 0.0412 g / hour. Conclusion. Although the main greenhouse gas emitted directly by car is undoubtedly the CO2, the gases CH4 and N2O can contribute significantly to the total emission of GHG´s and therefore can not be neglected. Although the emission of GHG´s by vehicles is only a fraction of total global emissions, increasing the fleet of vehicles may make this source of emissions increasingly significant.
220

MEDIDAS MITIGATÓRIAS DE IMPACTOS AMBIENTAIS E SANITÁRIOS NA CADEIA PRODUTIVA DE ETANOL NO PERÍODO DE 2014/2015 NO MUNICÍPIO DE GOIANÉSIA, ESTADO DE GOIÁS. / Mitigatory measures of environmental and health impacts in the productive chain of ethanol in the municipality of Goianésia, State of Goiás.

Rezende, Rodrigo Elias de 14 March 2016 (has links)
Submitted by admin tede (tede@pucgoias.edu.br) on 2016-09-08T18:06:30Z No. of bitstreams: 1 RODRIGO ELIAS DE REZENDE.pdf: 5825802 bytes, checksum: c6b15b0669d57928d86728fa04876c82 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-09-08T18:06:30Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 RODRIGO ELIAS DE REZENDE.pdf: 5825802 bytes, checksum: c6b15b0669d57928d86728fa04876c82 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-03-14 / At the beginning of the decade of 1970, in the face of the crisis in international petroleum prices, several nations realized that it was necessary to reduce the dependence of their energy matrixes of the consumption of fossil fuel and, in particular, the use of oil and pressure on the part of international organizations, which showed that it was necessary to considerably reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions responsible for global warming caused, mainly, by the use of fossil fuels. It was in this context that has intensified the demand for new alternative sources of fuels that generate less polluting impacts to the planet. Brazil was one of the pioneering countries in introducing innovations in the production of so called renewable fuels with use of bioethanol extracted from sugar cane. In the present work, the objectives to analyze the environmental and health issues in ethanol production plants in the municipality of Goianésia, checking what are the established mitigating measures adopted by the companies to reduce the maximum the impacts on the environment. This study adopted the method of case study, performed through interviews; bibliographic are search, documental and observation. The results were compared with academic Articles, documents and government data. In the study of plants installed in the municipality has observed that they meet international standards environmental regulations and working steadily for mitigating the maximum environmental and heal this sues caused by cultivation and production of ethanol. / No início da década de 1970, em face da crise internacional do petróleo, várias nações perceberam que era necessário diminuírem a dependência de suas matrizes energéticas do consumo de combustíveis fósseis e, em especial, do uso do petróleo e da pressão por parte de organizações internacionais, as quais mostravam que era preciso reduzir consideravelmente os gases do efeito estufa (GEE), responsáveis pelo aquecimento global provocado, sobretudo, pelo uso dos combustíveis fósseis. Foi nesse contexto que se intensificou a procura por novas fontes alternativas de combustíveis que gerassem menos impactos poluentes ao planeta. O Brasil foi um dos países pioneiros na introdução de inovações na produção dos chamados combustíveis renováveis com uso do bioetanol extraído da cana-de-açúcar. No presente trabalho, o objetivo é analisar as questões ambientais e sanitárias na produção de etanol das usinas no município de Goianésia, verificando quais são as medidas mitigadoras adotadas pelas empresas para reduzir ao máximo os impactos ao meio ambiente. Para tal estudo adotou o método de estudo de caso, realizado por meio de entrevista, pesquisa bibliográfica, documental e de observação. Os resultados encontrados foram comparados com artigos acadêmicos, documentos e dados governamentais. No estudo das usinas instaladas no município observou que as mesmas atendem as normas internacionais ambientais vigentes e trabalham de forma constante para mitigarem ao máximo as questões ambientais e sanitárias provocadas pelo cultivo e produção do etanol.

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