The development flow region of stepped chutes was studied experimentally. Three configuration of chute bed slopes 3.5H:1V, 5H:1V, and 10H:1V were used to study the flow characteristics. Each model had five horizontal steps and with constant step height of 15 cm. Constant temperature anemometry was used to investigate the velocity field characteristics as well as local void fraction. Pressure transducers were used to examine the pressure distribution. The conditions of aerated and non-aerated cavity were studied. It was found that the temperature anemometry is a valuable tool in the study of water flow problems due to its good spatial and temporal resolution. It is recommended that the constant overheat ratio procedure should be used in dealing with non-isothermal water flows. Flow conditions along the development flow region were found to be quite complex with abrupt changes between steps depending whether or not the flow jet has disintegrated. The flow on this region does not resemble a drop structure and after the first step, the step cavity condition does not affect the flow parameters. Pressure distribution was also found to be complex. It was found that there are no conclusive pressure profiles either on the step treads nor on step risers. No correlation was observed with the values of pool depth. The instantaneous characteristics of the velocity field along the jet of a drop structure were also studied. It was concluded that the cavity condition does not affect the velocity field of the sliding jet. The shear stress layer at the jet/pool interface was quantified. / May 2006

The development flow region of stepped chutes was studied experimentally. Three configuration of chute bed slopes 3.5H:1V, 5H:1V, and 10H:1V were used to study the flow characteristics. Each model had five horizontal steps and with constant step height of 15 cm. Constant temperature anemometry was used to investigate the velocity field characteristics as well as local void fraction. Pressure transducers were used to examine the pressure distribution. The conditions of aerated and non-aerated cavity were studied. It was found that the temperature anemometry is a valuable tool in the study of water flow problems due to its good spatial and temporal resolution. It is recommended that the constant overheat ratio procedure should be used in dealing with non-isothermal water flows. Flow conditions along the development flow region were found to be quite complex with abrupt changes between steps depending whether or not the flow jet has disintegrated. The flow on this region does not resemble a drop structure and after the first step, the step cavity condition does not affect the flow parameters. Pressure distribution was also found to be complex. It was found that there are no conclusive pressure profiles either on the step treads nor on step risers. No correlation was observed with the values of pool depth. The instantaneous characteristics of the velocity field along the jet of a drop structure were also studied. It was concluded that the cavity condition does not affect the velocity field of the sliding jet. The shear stress layer at the jet/pool interface was quantified.

The development flow region of stepped chutes was studied experimentally. Three configuration of chute bed slopes 3.5H:1V, 5H:1V, and 10H:1V were used to study the flow characteristics. Each model had five horizontal steps and with constant step height of 15 cm. Constant temperature anemometry was used to investigate the velocity field characteristics as well as local void fraction. Pressure transducers were used to examine the pressure distribution. The conditions of aerated and non-aerated cavity were studied. It was found that the temperature anemometry is a valuable tool in the study of water flow problems due to its good spatial and temporal resolution. It is recommended that the constant overheat ratio procedure should be used in dealing with non-isothermal water flows. Flow conditions along the development flow region were found to be quite complex with abrupt changes between steps depending whether or not the flow jet has disintegrated. The flow on this region does not resemble a drop structure and after the first step, the step cavity condition does not affect the flow parameters. Pressure distribution was also found to be complex. It was found that there are no conclusive pressure profiles either on the step treads nor on step risers. No correlation was observed with the values of pool depth. The instantaneous characteristics of the velocity field along the jet of a drop structure were also studied. It was concluded that the cavity condition does not affect the velocity field of the sliding jet. The shear stress layer at the jet/pool interface was quantified.

A shift towards electric and hybrid propulsion within the marine sector create new challenges for conventional water jet units manoeuvred by hydraulic systems. The high efficiency in high speed water jet crafts benefit from being powered by electricity but will be compromised by constantly running hydraulic pumps, draining available electric capacity on-board. Wear and tear on hydraulic components are also an environmental contamination hazard, due to high pressure oil and exposed cylinder rods. However, conventional hydraulic power packs with subsystems to manoeuvre water jet unit is a well proven and reliable marine application.Steer-by-wire is not an uncommon subject, as it is frequently used in several industries such as aviation, automotive and offshore. The purpose of the study is to prepare a concept design proposal with CAD-models and drawings of electrically powered manoeuvring system for Marine Jet Powers DRB 750 steering units. The study did a literature study on the topic and qualitative research to fulfil the purpose. A generic product and concept development is conducted and computer aided design is done to present proposed prototype design.Results from the research gave 4 commercially available electrical actuators, all with significantly different functionality from each other resulting in 4 different concepts and thereof 1 prototype proposal integrated in the waterjet unit according to DNV standards.The selected concept in the study will need some further manufacturing configuration and optimisation for a full installation and working prototype. / Ett skifte mot elektisk och hybriddrift inom marina fartyg och framdrivningssystem skapar nya utmaningar och möjligheter, även så för höghastighetsfartyg där vattenjet har en fördel i sin karaktäristiska höga effektivitet. Idag manövreras vattenjetsaggregat med hjälp av hydraulik, som många gånger drivs med framdrivningsmaskineriet och/eller med en elektisk pump. Dessa system blir en energitjuv i en elektrisk eller hybridlösning för framdrivningen och så saknar det en naturlig lösning på hur en hydraulisk pump ska drivas. Slitage och skador på hydrauliska system kan även leda till miljöfarliga utsläpp av hydraulolja. Framför allt då det handlar om höga hydrauliska tryck och bland annat kolvstänger som är utsatta för påfrestningar från fartygens yttre miljö. Dock är hydrauliska system väl beprövade och pålitliga i marina miljöer.Styrning med hjälp av elkraft är inget som är nytt, även kallat Steer-by-wire, det har gjorts och används inom många områden så som flygplans-, bil- och offshoreindustrin. Syftet med studien är att skapa ett prototypförslag för elektisk manövrering av Marine Jet Powers vattenjetaggregat DRB 750. För att uppnå detta har en litteraturstudie genomförts och kvalitativ forskning för att samla information och få förståelse för ämnet. En generisk product- och konceptutveckling har använts med hjälp av datorstödd konstruktion för att presentera ett prototypförslag.Det har resulterat i 4 koncept med integrerade lösningar från olika tillverkare, som alla skiljer från varandra i funktionalitet och skulle kunna användas på ett sätt för att uppnå målet. Varav ett koncept som valdes, det vidareutvecklades till ett prototypförslag med skruvförband i vattenjetaggregatet och som även sågs till att uppfylla DNV:s standarder och regler. Det valda konceptet behöver vidare utveckling, integrering och optimering för att kunna installeras och testas i fungerande prototyp.