Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 1996. / Typescript. Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 262-273). Also available on the Internet.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Ohio State University, 2006. / Title from first page of PDF file. Includes bibliographical references (p. 127-133).

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:29:31Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2012-06-15Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T19:07:19Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 gomes_l_me_bauru.pdf: 1981639 bytes, checksum: 56ec11d7a7a485dfb94874d7df6e2a84 (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) / A estreita relação entre o uso e a ocupação do solo e qualidade da água é destacada numa bacia hidrográfica periurbana no município de Bauru, Estado de São Paulo, Brasil. Cerca de 70% do abastecimento municipal se dá através do aquífero Guarani, que se encontra regionalmente no limite de sua exploração sustentável e o município tem como única alternativa, em seus limites administrativos, o manancial superficial estudado. O estudo abrangeu a identificação de fontes poluentes, o monitoramento mensal de oitos pontos de amostragem e a elaboração de um modelo de qualidade da água. Fontes pontuais de poluição predominan na região da cabeceira da bacia hidrográfica, pela contribuição de esgoto doméstico advindos de áreas urbanizadas, com indústrias e complexos penitenciários (CP). Fontes difusas predominam no médio e no final do percurso da drenagem principal devido às atividades agropastoris. O modelo de Streeter-Phelps, ajustado para o corpo principal, apresentou boa correlação até o médio percurso, onde as amostragens foram mais detalhadas. Apesar da forte pressão urbana, o Índice de Qualidade da Água (IQA) indica, águas de boa qualidade para abastecimento público. Contudo, os limites dessa qualidade podem ser facilmente extrapolados uma vez que os vetores de crescimento urbano apontam para esta bacia. Este fator demonstra a importância do monitoramento contínuo e a aplicação do modelo de qualidade de água como instrumentos para o desenvolvimento de planos efetivos de gestão desse recurso hídrico / This study covers the use and occupation and their influence on water quality in a watershed in a periurban in Bauru city, State of Sao Paulo, Brazil. About 70% of the municipal supply is through the Guarani aquifer, which is regionally within the limits of their sustainable exploitation and the municipality has the only alternative, in their administrative boundaries, the source surface studied. The study includes the identification of sources if pollutants, the montly monitoring at eight sampling stations and water quality modeling. Point sources of pollution prevalent in the region of the head of the basin, the contribution of sewage coming from urban areas, with industries and prison complex (PC). Diffuse sources dominate the middle and at the very end the main drain due to agropastoral activities. The Streeter-Phelps model, adjusted for the main body, showed a good correlation to the middle path, where the samples were more detailed. Despite the strong urban pressure, the Water Quality Index (AQI) also indicates good quality water for public supply. However, this quality limits can be easily extrapoled since the vectors of urban point to the basin. This factor shows the importance of continuous monitoring and implementation of water quality model as tools to develop effective plants to manage this water resource

The objective of this research is to estimate stakeholder preferences for management alternatives within the Red River of the North basin. Specifically, this thesis analyzes preferences related to water quality, water-based recreation, water supply, and institution. Results are estimated using choice experiments. Data show that residents are willing to pay approximately $84 per year for wetland restoration, $76 per year for additional bike trails, and $117 for enhanced fishery management. Taken to an aggregate level of all counties with land in the basin, willingness to pay is approximately $24 million for wetlands, $22 million for bike trails, and $34 million for enhanced fishery management. These values can assist institutions in making decisions related to the basin's water resources. / National Institute for Water Research / Geological Survey (U.S.)

This case study investigated the potential of a place-based watershed curriculum, using STEM principles, to increase watershed literacy and knowledge of human impacts on stormwater in the environment. A secondary goal was to examine whether the place-based connection and increased exposure to issues within their local watershed impacted the students' environmental attitudes and sense of place. Over 500 sixth graders participated in this localized curriculum, where they learned the science behind watershed issues on their own school campuses. They focused on ways humans can monitor and mitigate their impacts on stormwater, through engineering investigations. The mixed-method research study investigated the effectiveness of the OLWEDU curriculum, to address these key questions: 1) To what degree did the OLWEDU increase the students' combined watershed literacy? 2) To what extent did the OLWEDU affect their environmental attitudes? 3) How did using a STEM oriented and place-based curriculum make the learning more relevant? In order to provide a solid triangulation of data, this study used a quasi-experimental design format with multiple measures: a) A Pre-Posttest (PPT), was given to all of the students to gather quantitative changes in knowledge of watershed concepts, stormwater issues related to human impacts on the environment, and engineering techniques; b) A constructed-knowledge questionnaire (CKQ) was used with forty four of the participants, to gather additional quantitative data on the students' local watershed knowledge; c) an environmental attitudes survey (EAS) was included in this sub-sample group; d) interviews were conducted with ten of the students to examine their opinions on the STEM aspects of the curriculum in addition to the place-based connections between the unit and their community. The statistically significant results showed increases in overall watershed literacy, knowledge of human impacts on stormwater, engineering principles, and environmental attitudes. These findings will be used to improve the current curriculum, and have broader implications concerning the benefits of using a formalized middle-school 21st century standards-based curriculum to teach watershed literacy and promote pro-environmental attitudes by using a combination of Science, Technology, Engineering, and Math in a local, place-based context.

One of the most important purposes of surface water resource management is to develop predictive models to assist in identifying and evaluating operational and structural measures for improving water quality. To better understand the effects of external and internal nutrient and organic loading and the effects of reservoir operation, a model is often developed, calibrated, and used for sensitivity and management simulations. The importance of modeling and simulation in the scientific community has drawn interest towards methods for automated calibration. This study addresses using an automatic technique to calibrate the water quality model CE-QUAL-W2 (Cole and Wells, 2013). CE-QUAL-W2 is a two-dimensional (2D) longitudinal/vertical hydrodynamic and water quality model for surface water bodies, modeling eutrophication processes such as temperature-nutrient-algae-dissolved oxygen-organic matter and sediment relationships. The numerical method used for calibration in this study is the particle swarm optimization method developed by Kennedy and Eberhart (1995) and inspired by the paradigm of birds flocking. The objective of this calibration procedure is to choose model parameters and coefficients affecting temperature, chlorophyll a, dissolved oxygen, and nutrients (such as NH4, NO3, and PO4). A case study is presented for the Karkheh Reservoir in Iran with a capacity of more than 5 billion cubic meters that is the largest dam in Iran with both agricultural and drinking water usages. This algorithm is shown to perform very well for determining model parameters for the reservoir water quality and hydrodynamic model. Implications of the use of this procedure for other water quality models are also shown.

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