I study linear waves on higher dimensional Schwarzschild black holes and Schwarzschild de Sitter spacetimes. In the first part of this thesis two decay results are proven for general finite energy solutions to the linear wave equation on higher dimensional Schwarzschild black holes. I establish uniform energy decay and improved interior first order energy decay in all dimensions with rates in accordance with the 3 + 1-dimensional case. The method of proof departs from earlier work on this problem. I apply and extend the new physical space approach to decay of Dafermos and Rodnianski. An integrated local energy decay estimate for the wave equation on higher dimensional Schwarzschild black holes is proven. In the second part of this thesis the global study of solutions to the linear wave equation on expanding de Sitter and Schwarzschild de Sitter spacetimes is initiated. I show that finite energy solutions to the initial value problem are globally bounded and have a limit on the future boundary that can be viewed as a function on the standard cylinder. Both problems are related to the Cauchy problem in General Relativity.

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In this study, we consider the generalized function solutions to nonlinear wave equation with distribution initial data. J. F. Colombeau shows that the initial value problem u_tt - Δu = F(u); m(x,0) = U_0; u_t (x,0) = i_1 where the initial data u_0 and u_1 are generalized functions, has a unique generalized function solution u. Here we take a specific F and specific distributions u_0, u_1 then inspect the generalized function representatives for the initial value problem solution to see if the generalized function solution is a distribution or is more singular. Using the numerical technics, we show for specific F and specific distribution initial data u_0, u_1, there is no distribution solution.

It is known that there are nonlinear wave equations with localized solitary wave solutions. Some of these solitary waves are stable (with respect to a small perturbation of initial data)and have nonzero spin (nonzero intrinsic angular momentum in the centre of momentum frame). In this paper we consider vector-valued solitary wave solutions to a nonlinear Klein-Gordon equation and investigate the behavior of these spinning solitary waves under the influence of an externally imposed uniform magnetic field. We find that the only stationary spinning solitary wave solutions have spin parallel or antiparallel to the magnetic field direction.

This thesis presents a development of classical canonical formalism and the usual transition schema to quantum dynamics. The question of transition from relativistic mechanics to relativistic quantum dynamics is answered by developing a homogeneous formalism which is relativistically invariant. Using this formalism the Klein-Gordon equation is derived as the relativistic analog of the Schroedinger equation. Using this formalism further, a method of generating other relativistic equations (with spin) is presented.

A thesis submitted to the Faculty of Science, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy, 2017 / Killing vectors are widely used to study conservation laws admitted by spacetime metrics or to determine exact solutions of Einstein field equations (EFE) via Killing’s equation. Its solutions on a manifold are in one-to-one correspondence with continuous symmetries of the metric on that manifold. Two well known spherically symmetric static spacetime metrics in Relativity that admit maximal symmetry are given by Minkowski and de-Sitter metrics. Some other spherically symmetric metrics forming interesting solutions of the EFE are known as Schwarzschild, Kerr, Bertotti-Robinson and Einstein metrics. We study the symmetry properties and conservation laws of the geodesic equations following these metrics as well as the wave and Klein-Gordon (KG) type equations constructed using the covariant d’Alembertian operator on these manifolds. As expected, properties of reduction procedures using symmetries are more involved than on the well known flat (Minkowski) manifold. / XL2017

Nesse trabalho apresentamos o estudo do artigo [25] que analisa a existência de atratores globais para uma classe de equações da onda amortecida da forma \'épsilon u IND. tt\' + \'alpha\' (x) u IND. t\' + \'BETA\' (x)u - \'\\SIGMA SOBRE i, j\' \'\\PARTIAL ind. I\' (\'a IND. i j\' (x) \'PARTIAL IND. j u\') = f(x, u) , x PERTENCE A ÔMEGA\'\', t \'PERTENCE A\' [0,\'infinito\'), u (x, t) = 0, x \'PERTENCE A\' \'\\PARTIAL ÔMEGA\', t \'PERTENCE A\' [0, \'infinito\') definidas em um domínio arbitrário \'ÔMEGA\' / In this work we describe the results of the paper [25]. In [25] the authors prove existence of global attractors for the following semilinear damped wave equation \'\\épsilon u IND. t\'t + \'alpha\'(x)u IND. t\' + \'beta\' (x)u - \'\\SIGMA SOBRE i, j \'\\PARTIAL IND. i\' (\'a IND. i j\' (x) \'\\PARTIAL IND. j u\') = f (x, u), x \'IT BELONGS\' \'ÔMEGA\', t \'IT BELONGS\' [0, \'INFINITY\'), u(x,t), x \'IT BELONGS\' \'\\PARTIAL ÔMEGA\', t \'IT BELONGS\' [), \'INFINITY\'0 on an arbitrary domain \'OMEGA\'

Neste trabalho é estudada a equação de Dirac com uma superposição do campo de Aharonov-Bohm (AB) e de um campo magnético colinear uniforme, que nós chamamos de campo magneto-solenoidal (MS). Usando a teoria de von Neumann das extensões auto-adjuntas de operadores simétricos, nós construímos no caso de 2+ 1 dimensões uma família uni paramétrica de hamiltonianos de Dirac auto-adjuntos especificados pelas condições de contorno no solenóide AB, e encontramos o espectro e as auto-funções para cada valor do parâmetro de extensão. Em seguida, reduzimos o problema em 3+ 1 dimensões ao problema em 2+ 1 dimensões pela escolha apropriada do operador de spin, o que permite realizar todo o programa de construção de extensões auto-adjuntas, e assim, também permite obter os espectros e auto-funções em termos do problema em 2+1 dimensões. Ademais, nós apresentamos o método reduzido de extensões auto-adjuntas do hamiltoniano radial de Dirac com o campo MS. Depois nós consideramos o caso regularizado do solenóide de raio finito. Nós estudamos a estrutura das autofunções e a sua dependência com o comportamento do campo magnético dentro do solenóide. Considerando o limite de raio zero para o valor fixo do fl.mm magnético, nós obtemos um hamiltoniano auto-adjunto particular que corresponde à condição de contorno específica para o caso do campo magneto-solenoidal com o solenóide AB. Nós chamamos estes casos particulares das extensões auto-adjuntas extensões naturais. Para completeza da investigação nós estudamos também o comportamento de uma partícula sem spin no campo magneto-solenoidal regularizado. A etapa seguinte da investigação é a construção das funções de Green da equação de Dirac com o campo MS em 2 + 1 e 3 + 1 dimensões. As funções de Green são construídas por meio de um somatório sobre o conjunto completo das soluções da equação de Dirac. Ao construir as funções de Green, nós usamos as soluções exatas da equação de Dirac, que são relacionadas a valores específicos do parâmetro de extensão. Estes valores correspondem às extensões naturais. Depois nós estendemos os resultados ao caso em 3 + 1 dimensões. Nós apresentamos também as funções de Green não relativísticas e as funções de Green de uma partícula relativística escalar. / ln the present work the Dirac equation with the supereposition of the Aharonov-Bohm (AB) field and a collinear uniform magnetic field, which we call a magnetic-solenoid (MS) field, is studied. Using von Neumann\'s theory of the self-adjoint extensions of symmetric operators, in 2 + 1 dimensions we construct a one-parameter family of self-adjoint Dirac Hamiltonians specified by boundary conditions at the AB solenoid and find the spectrurn and eigenfunctions for each value of the extension parameter. We reduce the (3 + 1)-dimensional. problem to the (2 + 1)-dimensional one by a proper choice of the spin operator, which allows realizing all the programme of constructing self-adjoint extensions and finding spectra and eigenfunctions in the previous tenns. We also present the reduced self-adjoint extension method for the radial Dirac Hamiltonian with the MS field. We then turn to the regularized case of finite-radius solenoid. We study the structure of the corresponding eigenfunctions and their dependence on the behavior of the magnetic field inside the solenoid. Considering the zero-radius limit with the fixed value of the magnetic flux, we obtain a concrete self-adjoint Hamiltonian corresponding to a specific boundary condition for the case of the magnetic-solenoid field \'W-ith the AB solenoid. These particular cases of self-adjoint extensions we call natural extensions. For completeness we also study the behavior of the spinless particle in the regularized magnetic-solenoid field. Successive step of our investigation is a construction of the Green functions of the Dirac equation with the MS field in 2 + 1 and 3 + 1 dimensions. The Green functions are constructed by means of summation over the complete set of solutions of the Dirac equation. Constructing the Green functions, we use the exact solutions of the Dirac equation that are related to the specific values of the extension parameter. These values correspond to the natural extension. Then we extend the results to the (3 + 1)-dimensional case. For the sake of completeness, we present nonrelativistic Green functions and Green functions of the relativistic scalar particle.

In this thesis, we prove the existence of large frequency periodic solutions for the nonlinear wave equations utt − uxx − v(x)u = u3 + [fnof]([Omega]t, x) (1) with Dirichlet boundary conditions. Here, [Omega] represents the frequency of the solution. The method we use to find the periodic solutions u([Omega]) for large [Omega] originates in the work of Craig and Wayne [10] where they constructed solutions for free vibrations, i.e., for [fnof] = 0. Here we construct smooth solutions for forced vibrations ([fnof] [not equal to] 0). Given an x-dependent analytic potential v(x) previous works on (1) either assume a smallness condition on [fnof] or yields a weak solution. The study of equations like (1) goes back at least to Rabinowitz in the sixties [25]. The main difficulty in finding periodic solutions of an equation like (1), is the appearance of small denominators in the linearized operator stemming from the left hand side. To overcome this difficulty, we used a Nash-Moser scheme introduced by Craig and Wayne in [10]. / text

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Ohio State University, 2005. / Title from first page of PDF file. Document formatted into pages; contains ix, 134 p.; also includes graphics. Includes bibliographical references (p. 130-134). Available online via OhioLINK's ETD Center