To identify a climate trend, a lot of data is required for the conclusion to be accurate. A trend can require 30 years worth of measurements in order to say anything with certainty about how the climate is changing. It is therefore important to utilize every source of data in climate research. In this thesis, weather data from the Smart Stake weather stations on the Greenland ice sheet was reprocessed and utilized in analysis after not having been worked with since the early 2000s. Erroneous data was selectively discarded, and the remaining data was merged for each of the five Smart Stake stations. After being formatted, the data was adjusted and processed by filters in order to reduce the amount of noise in the measurements. The measured quantities, such as temperature, wind velocity and snow height, were plotted and compared in order to establish the causes of increased melting at certain stations. 2003 was found to be a year with more melt around the Smart Stake stations than other years, and 2004 was found to have particularly small amounts of melt occurring. A station at a lower elevation than others, experiencing higher than average temperatures, measured more melting. This implies a reliable data set which means that the data from the Smart Stake stations can be used in further research, in climate models and for verification purposes, as well as by legislators and for construction planning. / För att kunna identifiera en klimattrend krävs en stor mängd data. En trend kan kräva en mängd data som motsvarar 30 år av mätningar för att säkert kunna säga hur klimatet förändras. Det är därför viktigt att utnyttja all data som samlas in för att kunna skapa noggranna klimatmodeller och dra korrekta slutsatser. I denna avhandling bearbetades väderdata från fem Smart Stake väderstationer på Grönlands istäcke på nytt. Mätningarna från dessa väderstationerhar inte utnyttjats sedan de sattes upp under tidiga 2000-talet. Felaktiga mätningar blev selektivt bortplockade och resterande data formatterades och sammanfogades till en fil per väderstation. Datan justerades och bearbetades sedan med hjälp av filter för att reducera mängden brus i mätningarna och markera ytterligare felaktig data. De uppmätta storheterna, exempelvis temperatur, vindhastighet och snöhöjd, visualiserades i diagram och jämfördes med mängden smält is och snö för att identifiera orsaken till högre uppmätt mängd smält is kring vissa väderstationer. 2003 visade sig vara ett år då mer smältning uppmättes än andra år, och 2004 ett år då inte lika mycket smält is uppmättes av Smart Stake väderstationerna. En station belägen på en lägre höjd över havet, som upplevde högre medeltemperaturer, var också benägen att uppmäta mer smält is. Detta implicerar att mätningarna från Smart Stake stationerna är pålitliga och att de kan användas till vidare forskning och klimatmodellering samt av lagstiftare och till planering av infrastruktur och byggnadskonstruktion.

This thesis presents the distribution of strong wind and wind pressure in the Greater Victoria area associated with winter mid-latitude cyclones based on climate data from the School-Based Weather Station Network during 6 selected days in the winters of 2006, 2007 and 2008. The objectives of this study are i) to test whether synoptic conditions favourable to severe mid-latitude cyclonic storms that are well described in the literature were associated with the selected storms, ii) to determine the time patterns of high wind speed and its direction and maximum gusts, iii) to test necessity of considering the spatial variation in air density and its controls in general assessments of the spatial variation in wind pressure and wind damage potential in the local area, iv) to identify potential areas susceptible to wind damage. Observations taken every second were from Davis Vantage Pro2 TM Plus weather stations located on the southern edge of school building roofs. Thirty-minute means and gust wind speeds were used. All six storms went north of Victoria. The synoptic conditions associated with the selected mid-latitude cyclones agreed with the ones described in literature. Strongest winds at most stations were generally from the southwest, and multiple wind speed peaks were found. The daily iii  maximum gust wind speeds were found before and/or after the highest mean wind speed peak. The spatial variation in air density and its controls were found to be negligible. Although there are a number of interacting causes of the distribution, strongest winds were at stations with smooth surrounding surfaces, close to the southern shoreline, on exposed slopes and/or near relief constrictions. The area with greatest wind speeds and damage potential was found from the east of downtown extending to Lansdowne Middle School. This study provides new knowledge of winds in the Greater Victoria area and contributes to people’s better response to wind storms, land use planning and forecasting severe windstorms. / Graduate / 0368 / mmatsuda@uvic.ca

This thesis presents the distribution of strong wind and wind pressure in the Greater Victoria area associated with winter mid-latitude cyclones based on climate data from the School-Based Weather Station Network during 6 selected days in the winters of 2006, 2007 and 2008. The objectives of this study are i) to test whether synoptic conditions favourable to severe mid-latitude cyclonic storms that are well described in the literature were associated with the selected storms, ii) to determine the time patterns of high wind speed and its direction and maximum gusts, iii) to test necessity of considering the spatial variation in air density and its controls in general assessments of the spatial variation in wind pressure and wind damage potential in the local area, iv) to identify potential areas susceptible to wind damage. Observations taken every second were from Davis Vantage Pro2 TM Plus weather stations located on the southern edge of school building roofs. Thirty-minute means and gust wind speeds were used. All six storms went north of Victoria. The synoptic conditions associated with the selected mid-latitude cyclones agreed with the ones described in literature. Strongest winds at most stations were generally from the southwest, and multiple wind speed peaks were found. The daily iii  maximum gust wind speeds were found before and/or after the highest mean wind speed peak. The spatial variation in air density and its controls were found to be negligible. Although there are a number of interacting causes of the distribution, strongest winds were at stations with smooth surrounding surfaces, close to the southern shoreline, on exposed slopes and/or near relief constrictions. The area with greatest wind speeds and damage potential was found from the east of downtown extending to Lansdowne Middle School. This study provides new knowledge of winds in the Greater Victoria area and contributes to people’s better response to wind storms, land use planning and forecasting severe windstorms. / Graduate / 0368 / mmatsuda@uvic.ca

From the perspective of optimizing the planning, management and management of water resources in the national context the hydrometeorological monitoring systems have gone through the process of technological innovation. Increased monitoring of potential for reduced costs and improved quality of monitored data motivate this field of research. Starting from the importance of the variables of temperature and relative humidity among the variables monitored, this paper proposes the development of three hardware systems and software based on an open platform, which measure these values accurately from three sensors low cost, RHT01, RHT02 and RHT03 available in the market from the year 2005. These sensors are part of the advancement of sensor lines, newly created, polymer and semiconductor oxides. The technological base of each system is the microcontroller "arduino rev. 3 ", which he managed an electronic circuit capable of collecting and storing data from hydro-meteorological variables, in a flash memory device (sd card). Then, in order to check the reliability on the operation, each system was subjected to three data collection tests, at three different sites operating simultaneously with conventional systems used by the Micrometeorology Laboratory of UFSM (LMMET/UFSM). Local tests are situated in the municipality of Santa Maria, in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. The microclimate conditions were different among trials due to location. The first test was performed on the terrace of the INPE-UFSM facilities, the second test in micrometeorology Laboratory of UFSM and the third in a rural area of central campus of UFSM, characterized by the pampa biome, which is located a network monitoring tower micro-sulfux. The collections occurred during the months from April to June, representing the final step of the fall season and the beginning of winter in 2015. The first trial lasted eleven days, the second and third Thirteen Eleven. The time discretization of the collections was a minute. With the data collected was carried out comparative analysis of inexpensive and conventional systems by graphic systems for analysis, descriptive statistics, and statistics such as Pearson correlation coefficients, ANOVA and Tukey test. With determination coefficient values (R2) higher than 0.90 in all tests and no significant difference between low-cost sensors and analyzed conventional systems, with only one exception, the results indicated the feasibility of using these sensors to generate Data medium temperature and relative humidity for a minimum time interval from generation 1 minute, 15 minutes, 30 minutes and 1 hour. The results also indicated the possibility of further quantitative research on the influence of the sensors under the measured data. / Na perspectiva de otimizar o planejamento, manejo e gestão dos recursos hídricos no contexto nacional os sistemas de monitoramento hidrometeorológico tem passado pelo processo de inovação tecnológica. O aumento do potencial de monitoramento pela diminuição dos custos e a melhora na qualidade dos dados monitorados motivam esse campo de pesquisa. Partindo-se da relevância das variáveis de temperatura e umidade relativa do ar dentre as variáveis monitoradas, o presente trabalho propõe o desenvolvimento de três sistemas de hardware e software baseados em uma plataforma livre, que meçam essas grandezas com precisão a partir de três sensores de baixo custo, RHT01, RHT02 e RHT03, disponíveis no mercado a partir do ano de 2005. Estes sensores fazem parte do avanço das linhas de sensores, recém-criadas, de polímeros e óxidos semicondutores. A base tecnológica de cada sistema foi o microcontrolador arduino rev. 3 , o qual gerenciou um circuito eletrônico capaz de coletar e armazenar dados das variáveis hidrometeorológicas, em um dispositivo de memória flash ( sd card ). Em seguida, com o objetivo de verificar a confiabilidade quanto ao funcionamento, cada sistema foi submetido a três testes de coleta de dados, em três locais diferentes operando em simultâneo com sistemas convencionais utilizados pelo Laboratório de Micrometeorologia da UFSM (LMMET/UFSM). Os locais dos testes estão situados no município de Santa Maria, no Estado do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. As condições de microclima entre os testes eram diferentes em virtude do local. O primeiro teste foi realizado no terraço das instalações do INPE-UFSM, o segundo teste no laboratório de micrometeorologia da UFSM e o terceiro em uma área rural do campus central da UFSM, caracterizada pelo bioma pampa, onde fica localizada uma torre de monitoramento da rede micro-sulfux. As coletas ocorreram durante os meses de abril a junho, correspondendo a etapa final da estação de outono e início do inverno no ano de 2015. O primeiro teste durou onze dias, o segundo treze e o terceiro onze. A discretização temporal das coletas foi de um minuto. Com os dados coletados realizou-se análise comparativa dos sistemas de baixo custo e os sistemas convencionais mediante a análise de gráficos, medidas descritivas, e de estatísticas tais como a correlação linear de Pearson, análise de variância e teste Tukey. Com valores de coeficiente de determinação (R2) superiores a 0,90 em todos os testes e não havendo diferença significativa entre os sensores de baixo custo analisados e o sistemas convencional, com apenas uma única exceção, os resultados indicaram a viabilidade do uso destes sensores para geração de dados médios de temperatura e umidade relativa do ar para intervalo de tempo mínimo de geração de 1 minuto, 15 minutos, 30 minutos e 1 hora. Os resultados também indicaram a possibilidade de pesquisas quantitativas posteriores sobre a influência do abrigo dos sensores nos dados mensurados.

No description available.

This diploma thesis deals with the design of an autonomous system for the measurement of the concentration of atmospheric ions. This is a new version of the already asembled Iontmeter by UTEE FEKT. Unlike the previous version, this new one should be completely independent of electrical network and configurable even without a PC. The design includes increased water and dust resistance, wireless transmission from the weather station and its own temperature, atmospheric pressure and relative humidity sensor.

This work deals with the comparison of photovoltaic technologies and optimization of Photovoltaic power plants using empirical models. The primary purpose of this work is to analyse current status of selected photovoltaic power plants in the Czech republic and to suggest possible means to increase their productivity. This analysis uses data measured by systems for direct management of these parks, and these data are compared with theoretical data calculated from measurement system Czech weather stations and PVGIS.

The aim of this master‘s thesis is design and construction of home meteo weather station, the choice of applicable temperature, humidity and pressure sensors and characterization of workable device of station. The core of the station is microcontroller ATmega8 used for process data from sensors. Evaluative criteria for choice of sensors will be comunicate interface, accuracy, operating range, current drain and other aspects. Outer transmittin unit measure air temperature and relative humidity. These data are trasmitted by wireless radio module to interior receiving unit, that measure interior temperature and atmospherical pressure and represent measured data to LCD display including dew point. The data are transmitting to the internet and storing in the database. Measured values are available on the web page where you can display the graphs of last measured values.

The thesis is about designing a house control system which works as decentralized device. Initially, a brief market research in field of intelligent electro installation was made. On the basis of gained knowledge the whole concept of the system was designed – a control unit, a weather station and a temperature control unit. Each part communicates with each other wirelessly. A complete electronic design of circuit boards is a part of the thesis. The board were afterwards produced and assembled. Then a communication protocol and a complete implementation of all system functions were made. Next part of the thesis is a design and a programming of a web interface which is used to control the entire system. The final part of the thesis is about measuring a quality of communication between single units.

This thesis deals with conception of proposal and implementation of a weather station. Weather station is composed of three main parts which are measuring station, showing station and USB wireless receiving module. Measuring station measures basic meteorologic variables and sends measured variables through wireless communication. Showing station is designed to present measured data with graphics user interface and generate data for a web server.