Mini-thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree Master of Technology: Public Management in the Faculty of Business at the CAPE PENINSULA UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY 2013 / Gillis (2004:1) stated in her publication in Communication World that “employees are the lifeblood of an organisation.” Local governments, both in South Africa and abroad, are increasingly faced with the need to change for a number of reasons, one of which is to change so as to become more responsive and improve performance. As local government devises means to attain the objectives of performance management, how does it ensure that performance management objectives are mainstreamed within the organisation? Academic writers agree that staff resistances are counterproductive to the efforts made by any municipality to introduce performance management systems with the aim of bringing about effective and efficient service to its constituents. The key to avoiding staff resistances, which all organisations have to take account of, is communicating with employees. The writer suggests that this process is necessary and unavoidable, yet it is almost always ignored. The main aim of this study was to review the communication practices underpinning the Balance Scorecard (BSC) performance management system within the Cape Town Metropolitan Police Department (CTMPD). Tentative discussions with the metropolitan police department’s middle and low level managers indicated little understanding of how the BSC fits into the CTMPD’s accountability measures. At regular senior management meetings, called the Operational Management Forum (OMF), in 2011, the researcher learnt from operational directors and managers that they were not properly consulted with regard to the BSC system and that the implementation of the system was not adequately communicated. Managers claimed that only a short presentation was given in 2009 and it was then expected that middle managers would achieve the desired results and attain objectives towards which they had very little input. They have since become disillusioned and have resorted to focussing solely on ensuring that they spend their budgets with little understanding that there is more to the BSC than financial measurements. Thus the research questions were posed: why was performance management introduced within the CTMPD and what guidelines can be provided to improve how performance management is communicated to managers? A questionnaire was used to gain insight into this; it was administered to middle management within the CTMPD. The main findings of the research were that the respondents have an understanding of performance management. Another finding was that the majority of the respondents were not trained in the BSC performance management system. The researcher thus recommended that the safety and security training college be tasked to develop a training workshop, with the help of the support services manager. In addition, the researcher also recommended that the support services division ensures that candidates eligible for middle management positions be tested on their core communication skills and understanding of performance management principles prior to appointment.

Magister Philosophiae (Land and Agrarian Studies) - MPhil(LAS) / This research investigated experiences of the Saamwerk equity scheme as a framework to analyze the ways in which the scheme has achieved the objectives of land reform. It reviewed the role of this scheme in relation to the experiences and perceptions of beneficiaries about the extent to which this scheme has or has not improved their living conditions. / South Africa

Magister Scientiae (Integrated Water Resource Management) / The Eerste River is a river system which has, over the years, been subjected to human interference. The purpose of this study was to investigatge temporal and spatial trends in the water quality of the Eerste River between 1990 and 2005. The study results revealed that the major trends in the water quality of the Eerste River are more spatial than temporal. / South Africa

Magister Scientiae (Physiotherapy) - MSc(Physio) / Cerebro-vascular accidents or stroke remain a leading cause of death worldwide accounting for 5.5 million deaths, leaving individuals disabled in many aspects of functioning. The International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) is a framework that assesses disability in relation to impairments, activity limitations, participation restrictions and environmental factors and many individuals post stroke have reported restrictions in these areas. Literature has proven that participation restrictions post stroke are very common, which means that individuals are not able to return to their normal functioning as before. Once these individuals are discharged into the community, supportive networks become an essential aspect aiding participation. There is some literature present which shows positive relations between social support and participation, however this is minimal. The aim of this study was to determine participation restrictions and social support in patients with stroke, living in the Western Cape. To further understand the relationship between social support and participation restriction post stroke, a systematic review was conducted. The databases searched were Ebscohost full text, which included CINAHL +, Health Source: Nursing, Academic edition, Medline, Psych articles and Soc index, Science Direct, Biomed Central, Google Scholar, Cochrane Library, Pedro Central, and Wiley Online between the years 2001 - 2013. Once the methodology of the review was completed, a total of three articles were the only articles that met the study‟s inclusion criteria and were included in the review. These articles highlighted the importance of the quality and quantity of social support on participation. The review presented level 4 and 6 evidence, based on the hierarchical evidence model which showed a positive relationship between social support and participation. Thus, social support is found to be an important factor aiding participation. The methodology of the survey included a target population of all individuals attending the Community Health Centres in the Southern Western and Klipfontein Mitchell‟s Plain Metro District Health Service who were sampled by convenience. This study was cross-sectional in design, using descriptive surveys. All individuals diagnosed with a stroke and living in the community for at least six months were included in this study. The World Health Organisation Disability Assessment Schedule 2.0. (WHODAS 2.0.) was used to determine the participation restrictions in the participants, while the Social Support Questionnaire 6 (SSQ6) was used to determine the individual’s social support. Completed questionnaires wereanalysed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 23 where descriptive statistics were used to define continuous and categorical variables. The Pearsons correlation test was used to determine the association between social support and participation, with significance set at 0.05. Confidentiality was maintained throughout the study and participants were required to provide verbal and written informed consent. All questionnaires and consent forms were available in English, Afrikaans and isiXhosa to accommodate all participants. Participants were assured that their participation in the study was completely voluntary and that their agreement, refusal or withdrawal would not impact their treatment at the Community Health Centre. A total of 106 participants met the inclusion criteria for this study and agreed to partake. An equal number of males and females participated, with a mean age of 61.5 years. The results showed that 89.9% of participants in the study were classified as having low levels of social support, with family support playing an important role in the social support of participants (P=0.000). The majority of participants (30.2%) indicated that their children, and families, were the people providing the most support to participants. Caregiver strain and burnout was highlighted as an aspect of importance. The majority of participants (51.8%) were severely affected in the domain of participation, reporting common problems joining in community activities (28.3%), emotional status (18.9%) and financial status (45.3%) which affected participation adversely. Extreme difficulty with concerns of barriers in the community (19.8%), and time spent on health condition (8.5%), with regard to participation were reported. It has been highlighted that many participants had not returned to work post stroke, a factor to consider when planning interventions in the clinical setting. When comparing the respective domains of the WHODAS 2.0., mobility, household activities and participation was discovered to be amongst the highest scoring domains. Pearsons correlation test between social support and participation produced a non-significant result (P = 0.146). This study outlines that although an insignificant result was obtained, the participants (10.1%) who scored the highest for social support had only been moderately affected in the domain of participation. A limitation of this study include design, and it is thus recommended that additional studies be conducted in the form of controlled trials to determine the effects of social support on participation restrictions post stroke.

Magister Scientiae (Medical Bioscience) - MSc(MBS) / Background: A subtype of inflammatory bowel disease, Crohn’s disease is thought to represent a complex interaction between environmental factors, a defective immune system, the gastrointestinal microbiome and genetic susceptibility. Aim: The focus of this study was to investigate the association between environmental exposures during childhood and the subsequent development of Crohn’s disease, thus the two primary aims were to: 1) conduct a systematic review of the literature evaluating environmental risk factors during childhood, defined by studies either as, age intervals (e.g., 0-5, 6-10 and 11-18 years), or more 'broadly' as 0-18 years; and 2) investigate the association between childhood environmental exposures during three age intervals (0-5, 6-10 and 11-18 years), as well as frequency of childhood infections and the future development of Crohn's disease based on a score analysis, using a subset of previously collected data from a completed doctoral thesis involving a case control study design in study population, in the Western Cape, South Africa. The aim included a primary analysis of the latter dataset for childhood infections. Design: For the first aim of the study, a systematic search was conducted during March 2015 in electronic databases, such as EMBASE, EBSCOhost (Medline), Ovid, Scopus and World Cat, PubMed and Biomed Central, to identify epidemiological studies that examined the association between childhood environmental exposures and the subsequent development of Crohn's disease. Studies evaluating childhood exposure either by age intervals, or more broadly, from birth until 18 years were included. The environmental exposures evaluated in the review were; farm animal contact, place of upbringing, sibship size, household pets, primary water source and hot water availability. Of the 181 identified articles, 16 were included in the final systematic review. The second aim of the study involved a post hoc analysis of a subset of findings from the completed doctoral research by Abigail Basson with regard to the multiple logistic regression analysis evaluating environmental risk factor exposure during three age intervals; 0-5 years, 6-10 years and 11-18 years. In the present research, two different methodological approaches were undertaken. Briefly, exposure variables, of similar nature, were combined into subgroups and assigned weighting scores. The two 'subgroup models' were designated as: Group A and Group B. Based on these premises, a score analysis was performed, and the difference in scores, between case and control groups, was compared. In addition, multiple logistic regression models were conducted on a subset of original data from the aforementioned completed doctoral study to assess the association between the frequency of childhood infections between 0-20 years and risk of Crohn’s disease development. Following this, a score analysis was again performed. Results: Sixteen studies were included in the systematic review. Of the five studies that investigated the association between place of upbringing during the age interval 0-5 years and the subsequent development of Crohn's disease, three found no significant association; however of the three studies evaluating place of upbringing during the age intervals 6-10 and 11-18 years, only one study identified a significant association. Three studies investigated exposure to farm animals during the age interval 0-5 years, of which, two identified a significant association. Of the latter three studies, two investigated farm animal contact during the age intervals 6-10 and 11-18 years, but only one reported a significant association during these age intervals. Notably, this was the study which had failed to identify an association during the 0-5 year age interval. Both studies which broadly evaluated farm animal exposure during 'childhood' reported that not having contact with animals significantly increased the risk of developing Crohn's disease. Of the five studies that investigated exposure to pets during the age interval 0-5 years, only one identified a significant risk association, namely with exposure to cats. Of the three which investigated pet exposure during the age intervals 6-10 years and 11-18 years, one identified a significant association, for both age intervals. Five studies investigated pet exposure during 'childhood'; one found that having a pet significantly increased the risk of developing Crohn's disease, two reported that not having a pet significantly increased risk in developing Crohn's disease, whereas the remaining studies found no significant association. Only one study evaluated primary water source during the three age intervals; during the age interval 0-5 years and 11-18 years, having piped tap or bottled water was significantly associated with CD development. Of the four studies investigating primary water source during ‘childhood’, only one reported a significant association between primary water source and the development of Crohn's disease. The availability of hot water during the age interval 0-5 years was significantly associated with Crohn's disease development in one of the three relevant studies. Two studies investigated hot water availability during 6-10 and 11-18 years, however both failed to identify a significant association. When broadly evaluated, hot water availability during 'childhood' was significantly associated with Crohn's disease risk, in two of the three relevant studies. None of the studies which investigated sibship size and the risk of future Crohn's disease development during defined age intervals reported a significant association. Only two of the seven studies that evaluated sibship size during childhood reported a significant association. Results of the score analysis revealed a significant difference during all three age intervals between the case and control groups with Group A and Group B, with cases having significantly lower exposure scores (approximately 30% and 40% lower, respectively), when compared with that of controls. On multiple logistic regression analysis, subjects who never had tooth decay/cavity (OR = 1.78; 95% CI, 1.05-3.04), periodontitis (OR = 1.95; 95% CI, 1.10, 3.48), diarrhoea (OR = 2.71; 95% CI, 1.62-4.62), gastritis (OR = 2.13; 95% CI, 1.30-3.35), or mouth ulcers (OR = 2.02; 95% CI, 1.12-3.70), at least once per year or more, were at an increased risk for later development of Crohn's disease, when compared to those who were exposed to these infections at least once per year or more. There was a significant difference in exposure scores between the case and control groups (OR = 0.88; 95% CI, 0.82-0.94), thus indicating that cases had 12% less exposure to childhood infections from birth until the age of 20 years, when compared to the controls. Conclusion: The systematic review of the literature provides evidence in support of the hygiene hypothesis, in that delayed exposure to immunostimulatory microbes through the environmental exposures increases the risk for future CD development, in genetically susceptible individuals. In addition, the literature supports that the childhood environment plays an important role in the aetiology of Crohn's disease. However, the lack of consistent findings between studies, particularly those which have broadly defined ‘childhood’ implies that timing of exposure plays a crucial role in this ever evolving paradigm. Results from the score analysis provide insight into the 'compound' effects from multiple environmental exposures in the aetiology of Crohn's disease. While the present research was unable to provide any explanation for the underlying mechanism of disease pathogenesis, overall, the findings have important implications for future IBD-related studies as they demonstrate the importance of accounting for environment as a 'whole' when conducting epidemiological studies, as opposed to focusing on individual environmental factors, as well as that it is imperative to investigate environmental exposures within the context of defined age intervals.

>Magister Scientiae - MSc / In South Africa, demographics consequently play a prominent role in public policy and the country (rainbow nation) or often called a World in One Country, provide interesting interactions between the whites, coloured and blacks. South Africa remains the highest-ranked country in sub-Saharan Africa and the second-placed among the BRICS economies. Furthermore, the country benefits from the large size of its economy, particularly by regional standards, but the profile of various immigrant groups is poorly understood, thereby creating ambivalence in policy frameworks. A, major weakness of research in this area has been the tendency to study causes and impacts of migration separately, which constitute largely separate strands of migration literature. More in general, the scholarly debate has tended to separate the determinants and impacts of migration artificially from more general processes of socioeconomic contexts. Thus, there is a clear need to study migrant profiles in their wider societal context, which makes this study contemporaneous. Our research profiles both the demographics and socioeconomic dynamics of the French immigrants in South Africa on one hand and highlights the differences between French emigrants in Western Cape, South Africa and their counterparts residing in France vis-à-vis South Africans in Western Cape. In determining, the effect of socioeconomic and demographic profiles of the French immigrants in the Western Cape, a Google web design was used. Prior to this, a pilot study using samples of French and Anglophones persons was done to validate the instrument. Two questionnaires were used for the study; one in English and the other in French. Likert scales, multiple choice, open ended and close ended questions were contained in our instrument. Only registered households with French Consulate were included in the population sample. The population of South Africans is much younger than that of the French in Western Cape or French in France. The latter group is ageing but lives longer than the South Africans because of advancement in health infrastructure. Thus, the French community in the Western Cape are better placed economically, socially, and health-wise compared to the South Africans (WC) and the French in France. However, in few areas like education, rent and medical insurance coverage, the French in France are better placed than the French and South Africans in the Western Cape, because of structural issues peculiar in a country like South Africa. These social issues in France have more optimality than in South Africa. Our results further confirm the validity of the New Economics of Labour Migration Theory, which recognises the role of households as against individuals in jointly making the decision to migrate. Migration of a household member is a way to spread the risk of insufficient household income. Nonetheless, the survey indicates that the Western Cape is a city of choice for French migrants. However, a comparative analysis of the influx of the French to other regions would further show the real reasons for French deciding to pitch tent in a particular region. Analysis suggests an imbalance in the labour supply of the French immigrants which could be a structural phenomenon akin to also to the South Africans themselves. Enlightenment programmes for the target population and host population could help in this regard to balance the labour mix. There is no doubt that the socioeconomic impact of migration has been intensively studied by scholars, but it is still often driven by ill-informed opinions, which, in turn, can lead to public resentment towards migration. This is exactly the case for South Africa that has witnessed rounds of xenophobic attacks on migrants. These negative assessments risk on-going efforts to adapt migration policies to the new economic and demographic challenges facing many countries. Results confirm that labour supply becomes the pull factor for the French immigrants. Furthermore, it is likely that the bureaucratic set up at the Home Affairs is still inhibiting the French Immigrants from processing their documentation. On the average, it takes about 2 to 3 years to process legal permit documents for foreigners in South Africa. This process could be discouraging others from migrating to South Africa. Also, the xenophobic syndrome and inconsistent policy framework could also be a deterrent to foreigners who genuinely want to reside on a permanent basis in the country. The development potential of migrants is not expressed to its fullest extent, partly because of the lack of migration-supporting policies, which pushes many migrants to illegality despite the demand for their labour in certain sectors. Being undocumented not only encourages exploitation in the workplace but also prevents migrants from contributing to the development of the host country by paying taxes. A step in the right direction would be to encourage government service providers to mainstream migration into policies and programmes. This would set the framework for greater respect for migrants' rights, as well as facilitate the integration of migrants and acknowledge their contribution to the development of host and home countries.

M.Ed. / Skoolhoofde se taak word toenemend meer kompleks omdat hulle met vele uitdagings gekonfronteer word (Loock, 2003:49). Die doel met hierdie navorsing was om die waarde van emosionele intelligensie as 'n strategie vir effektiewe skoolbestuur na te vors. Goleman beweer dat emosionele intelligensie op ons vermoë dui om ons eie en ander mense se gevoelens te herken. Dié intelligensie bepaal ook hoe ons hierdie gevoel aanwend vir selfmotivering en hoe ons ons eie emosies bestuur en handhaaf in ons verhouding met ander mense. Emosionele intelligensie sluit vier komponente in, naamlik seflbewustheid, selfbestuur, sosiale bewustheid en verhoudingsbestuur. Vir hierdie navorsing het die navorser gebruik gemaak van ‘n gestruktureerde vraelys om ‘n meningsopname onder hoofstroomopvoeders, asook opvoeders in spesiale skole te maak. Die vraelys is aan geselekteerde skole in die Wes-Kaap gestuur. Uit die data hierdeur verkry, blyk dit dat die skoolhoofde nie oor voldoende emosionele intelligensie beskik om hulle skole effektief te kan bestuur nie. Die ondersoek bevestig die uitgangspunt dat wanneer skoolhoofde bewus word van die vermelde komponente van emosionele intelligensie, en dit toepas binne die konteks van onderwysbestuur, hulle bestuursvermoë verbeter. Die veronderstelling is dus dat skoolhoofde wat hulle emosionele intelligensie ontwikkel, meer effektiewe skoolbestuurders kan wees. / Mrs. I. Hariparsad

Thesis (MPhil) -- University of Stellenbosch, 2001. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Community radio stations in South Africa are faced with a huge challenge to become sustainable in the process of serving their communities. The issue of sustainability itself is complex and shaped by a range of conditionalities. These include community participation, funding, regulatory and licencing factors, staff and management expertise, and the strategic planning and management capacity of a station. Often the communities themselves are materially poor and unable to contribute in monetary terms to the radio station. However, these same communities are also a source of wealth when it comes to experience, ideas, human power and time. A major challenge is for station management to develop organisational strategies that facilitate full utilisation of this community resource in the process of sustaining their stations. The focus of this study is on two stations in the Western Cape - Bush Radio and Radio Zibonele - and how their management is responding to the challenge of sustainability. Bush Radio has evolved a diversification strategy based on providing formal training and development as an income-generator, and Radio Zibonele has responded through a strategy of selling airtime to advertisers. This work describes these sustainability strategies and explores whether they constitute 'building a brick column or a brick wall'. The conclusion suggests that while both radio stations demonstrate varying degrees of community participation, clear internal systems of monitoring and control of resources, they differ in some fundamental respects of strategy. Bush Radio, on the one hand, shows a clear commitment to consciously diversifying income sources in a way that does not leave the station highly dependent on any single source. This, the writer submits, constitutes an attempt at building a "brick wall". Radio Zibonele, on the other hand, shows a clear commitment to consolidation and reliance on advertising revenue as a single source of income for the station. To the extent that this station relies on a single source of income and does not demonstrate any strategic objective of diversifying sources, the writer submits, it is building a "brick column". The basic assumption of this study is that while the challenge of sustainability constitutes an objective reality facing community radio stations in South Africa today, the subjective responses developed by station management to deal with this challenge can and often do make a difference. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Gemeenskapsradiostasies in Suid-Afrika staan voor 'n groot uitdaging om volhoubaar te ontwikkel. Volhoubaarheid as sulks is kompleks en word deur 'n verskeidenheid faktore beinvloed. Dit sluit in gemeenskapsdeelname, befondsing, regulerings- en lisensierinqsfaktore, personeel- en bestuursvernuf en die strategiese beplanning en bestuurskapasiteit van die stasie. Meestal is die gemeenskappe self arm en nie daartoe in staat om in rnonetere terme 'n bydrae tot die stasie te lewer nie. Dieselfde gemeenskappe is egter ook 'n bron van rykdom in terme van ondervinding, idees, mannekrag en tyd. Een van 'n stasiebestuur se grootste uitdagings is om organisatoriese strateqiee te ontwikkel wat die volle gebruik van die gemeenskapshulpbron sal fasiliteer in die proses om hul stasies volhoubaar te ontwikkel. Die fokus van die studie val op twee stasies in die Wes-Kaap - Bush Radio en Radio Zibonele - en hoe hul bestuur op die uitdaging van volhoubare ontwikkeling reageer. Bush Radio het 'n diversifiseringstrategie ontwikkel wat op formele onderig en ontwikkeling as 'n inkomstegenereerder gebaseer is. Radio Zibonele, daarenteen, konsentreer op adverteerders. Die werk beskryf die volhoubaarheidstrategiee elk van die radiostasies. Die gevolgtrekking word gemaak dat albei radiostasies wei verskillende grade van gemeenskapsbetrokkenheid, duidelike interne monitorsisteme en beheer van hulpbronne het. Tog verskil hulle ten opsigte van sekere fundamentele strategiee. Aan die een kant het Bush Radio 'n duidelike verbintenis tot 'n bewustelike diversifisering van inkomste op so 'n manier dat die stasie nie afhanklik is van een bron van inkomste nie. Die skrywer vergelyk dit met die bou van 'n "baksteenmuur". Radio Zibonele, aan die ander kant, is verbind tot advertensies as die enigste bron van inkomste. Aangesien die stasie op 'n enkele bron van inkomste vertrou en nie enige strategiese doelwitle vir die diversifisering van hulpbronne het nie, vergelyk die skrywer dit met die bou van 'n "baksteenpilaar" . Die basiese veronderstelling van die studie is dat die reaksie van die stasiebestuur In deurslaggerwende verskil kan maak om die uitdaging van volhoubare ontwikkeling Suid- Afrikaanse radiostasies die hoof te bied.

Thesis (MBA)--Stellenbosch University, 2000. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Over the past few years considerable debate has taken place regarding the role of Local lndustrial Parks (LIPs) in stimulating the growth and development of Small, Medium and Micro Enterprises (SMMEs) in South Africa. LIPs are normally established to achieve specific development objectives, namely, job creation, sector specific support, entrepreneurship/small business promotion and the provision of affordable workspace. Through interviews with centre managersof each of the LIPs located in the Western Cape Province, and the collection of other relevant information, this document appraises the performance of UPs against those criteria. The author further postulates that the term UP has evolved from a variety of other "period-names" for facilities that provide accommodation/business premises to SMMEs, and has become the current term for defining such facilities. Given the high demand for appropriately priced business premises for SMMEs, and the decision by the Cape Metropolitan Council to actively promote the establishment of UPs as a core activity in its local economic development strategy, this document recommends what services should be provided by UPs to ensure that the services offered represent value for money, and achieve the desired goals of an UP programme. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die afgelope paar jaar is daar hewig gedebateer oor die rol wat Plaasklike Industriële Parke (PIP) in die stimulering van ontwikkeling en groei van Klein-, Medium- en Mikro- Besighede (KMMB) in Suid Afrika speel. PIP's word normaalweg ontwikkel om spesifieke mikpunte te behaal, naamlik werksskepping, sektor-spesifieke ondersteuning, entrepreneurship/kleinbesigheids promosie en verskaffing van bekostigbare werksareas. Deur 'n proses van onderhoude met sentrum bestuurders van elk van die PIPs geleë in die Wes-Kaap Provinsie, en die versameling van ander tersaaklike inligting, meet hierdie dokument die sukses van PIP's in die lig van bogenoemde kriteria. Die outeur postuleer verder dat die term PIP 'n uitvloeisel van ander "periode-name" van fasiliteite wat werksareas en besigheids persele aan KMMB's verskaf het, is en dat dit die huidige term is om na sulke fasiliteite te verwys. Met die hoë vraag na besigheidspersele vir KMMB's teen 'n redelike tarief, en die besluit deur die Kaapse Metropolitaanse Raad om PIP's aktief te bevorder as 'n sleutel aktiwiteit in die plaaslike ekonomiese ontwikkeling strategie, meld hierdie dokument aanbevelings in terme van dienste wat deur PIP's verskaf behoort te word om te verseker dat hierdie dienste waarde vir geld verteenwoordig, en die beoogte mikpunte van die PIP bereik.

Thesis (MBA)--Stellenbosch University, 2001. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Tourism is seen and promoted as the economic cure in the developing world. However, in recent years it has been realised that tourism is not an easy or quick solution to economic growth. Business and government have identified tourism as one of the country's critical job providers. In 1989 Smith (1989: 15) identified the following challenges confronting the tourism industry: • A lack of credible measures and objective analysis. • Diversity of the industry. • Complexities created by geographical characteristic of the industry. • The lack of industry organisation. • The need to anticipate future developments. Can the Tourism Industry stimulate the economy and be a solution to unemployment? As the Western Cape is seen as the tourism leader in South Africa, this study will determine whether the industry will lead to an economically stronger Western Cape and ultimately be a helpful and healthy source of income to South Africa. The writer will start this study with world tendencies and the realities of tourism and then move onto tourism in South Africa, including both international and domestic tourism. An important factor for economic growth is the tourism potential in the Western Cape, which will be examined. It is clear from all the data and literature that the tourism industry hold potential for growth in South Africa. Wesgro (2001) has identified the Western Cape as the strongest tourism region. The Western Cape can offer unusual and alternative experience to tourists as facilities are in place for eco-tourism with excursions such as shark diving. The Western Cape is furthermore ensuring that more business tourists can be accommodated with the building of the Conference Centre in Cape Town. Government has realised the potential of the tourism industry and as such has increased the budget allocation drastically. This means that marketing can be done more aggressively ensuring that both the domestic and international tourist markets grows. On the negative side is the effect that crime and political instability has on the tourism industry. It is interesting to note that despite crime, tourism arrivals are still increasing. A vital challenge for the tourism industry is to develop and promote our cultural assets and experiences. Repositioning the role of the previously disadvantage within the tourism infrastructure is an issue that needs to be addressed. We need to re-evaluate, re-package and re-interpret our distinct resources. The Western Cape's growth potential lies in its natural beauty and favourable weather, the wide variety of internationally renowned natural tourist attraction, and a well established infrastructure, all available at a relatively low cost to foreigners. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Toerisme word gesien en adverteer as die ekonomiese oplossing in die ontwikkelende wêreld. Dit is egter die afgelope jare besef dat toerisme nie 'n maklike of vinnige oplossing vir ekonomiese groei is nie. Die besigheidswêreld en die regering het toerisme geïdentifiseer as een van die land se kritiese werkvoorsieners. Smith (1989: 15) het in 1989 die volgende uitdagings wat die toerisme industrie konfronteer, geïdentifiseer: • 'n Tekort aan geloofwaardige maatstawwe en objektiewe ontleding. • Die uiteenlopendheid van die industrie. • Ingewikkeldhede geskep deur die geografiese eienskappe van die industrie. • 'n Tekort aan industrie organisasie. • 'n Behoefte om toekomstige ontwikkelings te voorspel. Kan die toerisme industrie die ekonomie stimuleer en die oplossing vir werkloosheid wees? Aangesien die Wes-Kaap gesien word as die toerisme leier in Suid Afrika sal hierdie studie poog om te bepaal of die industrie sal lei tot 'n ekonomies sterk Wes-Kaap en uiteindelik 'n gesonde bron van inkomste vir Suid Afrika. Die skrywer sal die studie begin met wêreldneigings en die realiteite van toerisme en dan oorgaan tot toerisme in Suid Afrika, insluitend beide internasionale en binnelandse toerisme. 'n Belangrike faktor vir ekonomiese groei wat bestudeer sal word is die toerisme potensiaal in die Wes-Kaap. Dit blyk duidelik uit data en literatuur wat bestudeer is dat die toerisme industrie groot potensiaal vir Suid Afrika inhou. Wesgro (2001) het die Wes-Kaap as die sterkste toerisme streek geïdentifiseer. Die Wes-Kaap kan buitengewone en alternatiewe ervarings aan toeriste bied aangesien fasiliteite reeds bestaan vir eko-toerisme met ekskursies soos haai-duik. Die Wes-Kaap is verder besig om te verseker dat besigheidstoeriste geakkommodeer kan word met die aanbou van die nuwe konferensie sentrum in Kaapstad. Die regering het ook die potensiaal van die toerisme industrie besef en het as sulks die begroting aanwysing drasties verhoog. Dit het tot gevolg dat bemarking meer aggressief kan plaasvind en verseker sodoende dat beide die binnelandse en internasionale toerisme markte groei. Aan die negatiewe kant is die effek wat geweld en politieke onstabiliteit op die toerisme industrie het. Dit is egter interessant om daarop te let dat toerisme aankomste nog steeds groei ten spyte van misdaad. 'n Belangrike uitdaging vir die toerisme industrie is om ons kulturele bates en ervarings te ontwikkel en bevorder. 'n Saak wat aandag moet geniet is die herposisionering van vorige agtergeblewende mense binne die toerisme infrastruktuur. Ons sal ons hulpbronne moet herevalueer, herverpak en herinterpreteer. Die Wes-Kaapse groeipotensiaal is geleë in sy natuurlike skoonheid en gunstige weer, die wye verskeidenheid van internasionaal erkende natuurlike toeriste attraksies en 'n goed gevestigde infrastruktuur wat alles beskikbaar is teen 'n relatiewe lae prys vir buitelanders.