“Lab on a Chip” technologies have revolutionized the field of bio-chemical analytics. The crucial role of optical techniques in this revolution resulted in the emergence of a field by itself, which is popularly termed as “optofluidics”. The miniaturization and integration of the optical parts in the majority of optofluidic devices however still remains a technical challenge. The works described in this thesis focuses on developing integration methods to combine various optical techniques with microfluidics in an alignment-free geometry, which could lead to the development of portable analytical devices, suitable for field applications. The integration approach was applied to implement an alignment-free optofluidic chip for optical chromatography; a passive optical fractionation technique fractionation for cells or colloids. This system was realized by embedding large mode area photonic crystal fiber into a microfluidic chip to achieve on-chip laser beam delivery. Another study on passive sorting envisages an optofluidic device for passive sorting of cells using an optical potential energy landscape, generated using an acousto-optic deflector based optical trapping system. On the analytical side, an optofluidic chip with fiber based microfluidic Raman spectroscopy was realized for bio-chemical analysis. A completely alignment-free optofluidic device was realized for rapid bio-chemical analysis in the first generation by embedding a novel split Raman probe into a microfluidic chip. The second generation development of this approach enabled further miniaturization into true microfluidic dimensions through a technique, termed Waveguide Confined Raman Spectroscopy (WCRS). The abilities of WCRS for online process monitoring in a microreactor and for probing microdroplets were explored. Further enhanced detection sensitivity of WCRS with the implementation of wavelength modulation based fluorescent suppression technique was demonstrated. WCRS based microfluidic devices can be an optofluidic analogue to fiber Raman probes when it comes to bio-chemical analysis. This allows faster chemical analysis with reduced required sample volume, without any special sample preparation stage which was demonstrated by analyzing and classifying various brands of Scotch whiskies using this device. The results from this study also show that, along with Raman spectroscopic information, WCRS picks up the fluorescence information as well, which might enhance the classification efficiency. A novel microfabrication method for fabricating polymer microlensed fibers is also discussed. The microlensed fiber, fabricated with this technique, was combined with a microfluidic gene delivery system to achieve an integrated system for optical transfection with localized gene delivery.

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El objetivo de la presente investigación es determinar la relación entre las variables producto y promoción de ventas en relación con la intención de compra en la categoría de ron y whisky en jóvenes de 20 a 26 años. De esta manera, poder identificar cuáles de ambas variables tiene mayor correlación con la intención de compra. Así también para las dimensiones de estas variables. De esta forma, se pueda comprender las razones por las que el volumen de ventas de ron es superior a la del whisky. Para el siguiente estudio, se decidió investigar antecedentes y entrevistar a dos expertos en el rubro de destilados y realizar dos focus group; Por ello, la investigación es de alcance correlacional, puesto que se busca describir y relacionar los motivos de la intención de compra en base a las variables y respectivas dimensiones puestas en estudio. A raíz de lo mencionado, se halló que las variables y dimensiones de mayor relación con la intención de compra para el público objetivo son: La promoción de ventas, el producto, descuento, precio de paquete, envase y etiqueta, seleccionado de manera respectivamente jerárquica. Por último, a partir de la investigación expuesta, se ha decidido recomendar en trabajar estrategias de marketing y comunicación en base a las dimensiones y variables anteriormente mencionadas, dado que se puede argumentar su afinidad entre la intención de compra con los jóvenes en estudio y su eficacia del caso. / The objective of the following investigation is to determine the relation between the variables product and promotion, and the motivation to purchase, in the rum and whiskey category, with young 20 and 26 year olds. The investigation will attempt to identify which of either variables mentioned has a higher correlation in regards to the motivation to purchase for the target audience. The correlation mentioned will clarify the reasons for the higher sales in rum in comparison to whiskey. For the following study, there is a detailed analysis in regards to the context and background, two expert interviews in relation to the category and two focus groups. Therefore, the investigation attempts to find correlations to understand the motives and dimensions of the variables product and promotion sales. The variables and their dimensions that have a higher relation to the motivational purchase for the primary public are mentioned in their respective hierarchy: sales promotion, the product, discounts, packet price, package and label. Lastly, after completing the research, it is recommended to investigate further in marketing strategies in relation to the dimensions and variables previously mentioned, due to the affinity between the motivation to purchase and the young people studied. / Trabajo de investigación