This essay aims to identify and illustrate, in relation to Stig Hjarvards (2013) theory of mediatization, the factors for defection that Swedish news media portray as decisive for women leaving Jehovah´s witnesses. The material consist of six news articles collected from four different news media who all published stories about women which defected from Jehovah´s witnesses. The method of the essay is a transversal text analysis and the program Open Code 4.03 has been used to assess the results. The process of coding was abductive which means, inthis essay, that the categories used in Open Code was mainly created based on the presented previous research on religious defection but also by a thoroughly reading of the articles. This genereted in five overall themes: family, external factors, organizational, world view and mental health. The factors for defection that is brought up by the articles is categorized in these themes. The result was then analyzed based on Hjarvards (2013) theory of mediatization and his explanations to it by these three metaphors of media; media as conduits, media as languages and journalism on media. The analyzed results indicated, among other things, factors for defection regarding deprivation of freedom, prohibition within the movement and unequal conditions for men and women. The results also showed medias aim to enforce factors connected to love and sex to create entertainment value. According to my interpretation of Hjarvards (2013) theory the results shows news medias desire to be an institution that criticalexamines religious organizations that do not fit in with secular norms of Swedish society.

Submitted by Filipe dos Santos (fsantos@pucsp.br) on 2016-08-05T12:11:13Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Marco Antonio Simoes.pdf: 4771177 bytes, checksum: f7c09699a57b867df78eeb8250334377 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-05T12:11:13Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Marco Antonio Simoes.pdf: 4771177 bytes, checksum: f7c09699a57b867df78eeb8250334377 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-03-17 / The objective of this paper is to analyze the confrontation occurred between the German Nazi Party and the religious group Jehovah's Witnesses, called at the time Bibelforschers (Bible Students). The group has positioned itself ideologically against the Nazi Party's proposals, and did so adamantly, that became the subject of an intensity of persecution proportionally higher than the other persecuted religious groups and banned by the regime, as will be shown. The research will examine the emergence and development of the group, emphasizing the establishment of the doctrines that made possible confrontation. Also it will examine the development of Nazi ideology in ways that opposed the position expressed by the group. About the Nazi party, it will still be analyzed as he himself being a religion. The strategies for survival adopted by other groups will also be studied for contextualization purposes. Finally, some illustrative facts of the conflict itself will be presented and analyzed, as a demonstration of the materialization of the ideological conflict. Although Jehovah's Witnesses have been studied in other ways, it is possible to see that the conflict of this group with the Nazi Party has been little studied in Brazil, perhaps because of being a small group in Germany in the period treated by this research. And when mentioned, it is usually under an aspect eminently historic. The purpose of this work is to identify the ideological causes of the conflict / O objetivo deste trabalho é analisar o confronto ocorrido entre o Partido Nazista alemão e o grupo religioso Testemunhas de Jeová, chamados na época de Bibelforschers (Estudantes da Bíblia). O grupo posicionou-se ideologicamente contra as propostas do Partido Nazista, e o fez de maneira inflexível, a ponto de se tornar alvo de uma perseguição de intensidade proporcionalmente superior aos demais grupos religiosos perseguidos ou banidos pelo Regime, como será demonstrado. A pesquisa examinará o surgimento e desenvolvimento do grupo, com ênfase na constituição das doutrinas que possibilitaram o confronto. Também examinará o desenvolvimento da ideologia nazista, nos aspectos em que se opôs à posição manifesta pelo grupo. Sobre o partido nazista, ainda será feita uma análise como ele mesmo sendo uma religião. Estratégias de sobrevivência de outros grupos também serão estudadas como parâmetro de contextualização. Por fim, alguns fatos ilustrativos do conflito propriamente serão apresentados e analisados, como demonstração da materialização do embate ideológico. Embora as Testemunhas de Jeová tenham sido objeto de estudo sob outros aspectos, é possível constatar que o embate deste grupo com o Partido Nazista tem sido pouco abordado no Brasil, talvez devido a tratar-se de um grupo pequeno na Alemanha no período tratado nesta pesquisa. Ainda que o seja por vezes, o aspecto considerado é eminentemente histórico. O propósito deste trabalho é identificar e analisar as causas ideológicas do conflito

Submitted by Filipe dos Santos (fsantos@pucsp.br) on 2016-09-26T12:11:13Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Cleberson Dias.pdf: 4415318 bytes, checksum: 71d7e9d668d9ce8bb3f6b4b7bd4b57f6 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-09-26T12:11:13Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Cleberson Dias.pdf: 4415318 bytes, checksum: 71d7e9d668d9ce8bb3f6b4b7bd4b57f6 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-05-19 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo / The main purpose of this research was to analyze, focusing on the hermeneutic perspective, the relationship between religious speech, originated from the biblical exegesis made by the Governing Body of Jehovah's Witnesses, and the standardization and organization of behavior, in particular, of the witness of Jehovah serving at Bethel, community fundamentally interconnected with the Association Watchtower Bible and Tract, which is basically their legal reason, located on Highway SP-141, Km 43, in Cesario Lange / SP. This is the place where all the preaching work is organized and publications are translated, printed and distributed for free during the preaching process. As a central character, the bethelite provided all the necessary content to our research. His daily experience was widely considered in the analisys from the subject behavior inside the total instituitions, within the same proportion in which we assessed theorical basis of understanding the faith experience and its deployment Michel Foucault and Erving Goffman offered support hermeneutic for understanding the religious discourse in Bethelite behavior. This was the analysis and understanding of religious experience in everyday life level, in their practices and contradictions, within the context of the headquarters of Jehovah‘s Witnesses in Brazil. The project aimed to answer the following problem: what is observed in Bethel can be described as alienation and domestication of behavior or as a conscious and sincere desire for inner discipline and collaboration in the production of all materials used in the ―preaching‖ of Jehovah's Witnesses? Beforehand, this dichotomy has justified the need to put the ―Tower under watching.‖ / O objetivo central dessa pesquisa foi analisar, privilegiando a perspectiva hermenêutica, a relação entre o discurso religioso, originado a partir da exegese bíblica feita pelo Corpo Governante das Testemunhas de Jeová, e a normatização e organização do comportamento, em específico, das testemunhas de Jeová que servem em Betel, comunidade fundamentalmente interligada à Associação Torre de Vigia de Bíblias e Tratados, sendo esta basicamente a sua razão jurídica, localizada na Rodovia SP-141, Km 43, em Cesário Lange/SP. É a partir dali que se organiza a sua obra de pregação no Brasil e se traduzem e imprimem as publicações a serem distribuídas gratuitamente em seu trabalho de pregação. Personagem fundamental, o betelita forneceu o conteúdo necessário à nossa pesquisa. A sua experiência quotidiana foi largamente considerada na análise do comportamento dos sujeitos no interior de Instituições Totais, na mesma proporção em que avaliamos a capacidade do cabedal teórico de entender a experiência de fé e seus desdobramentos. Michel Foucault e Erving Goffman ofereceram o suporte hermenêutico para a compreensão do discurso religioso no comportamento do betelita. Tratou-se da análise e compreensão da experiência religiosa no nível quotidiano, em suas práticas e contradições, inseridas no contexto da sede das Testemunhas de Jeová no Brasil. O trabalho pretendeu responder o seguinte problema: o que se observa em Betel pode ser descrito como alienação e domesticação do comportamento ou como desejo consciente de disciplina interior e de colaboração na confecção de todo o material usado no ―trabalho de campo‖ das Testemunhas de Jeová? De antemão, essa dicotomia justificou a necessidade de colocar a ―Torre sob vigia‖

Samfundet Jehovas vittnen avsäger sig blodtransfusion på grund av sin religiösa tro. Sjukvården ställs inför etiska problem när det uppstår en situation då patienten behöver blodprodukter. För vårdaren uppstår etiska konflikter mellan viljan att rädda liv, medicinska och juridiska aspekter samt patientens autonomi. Syftet med vår uppsats är att belysa de etiska problem som vårdaren kan möta i sjukvårdspraxis. Metoden som använts är en kvalitativ litteraturstudie och bygger på fyra vetenskapliga artiklar och en avhandling. I resultatet framgick det att det är en konfliktfylld situation då patienten nekar blodtransfusion och vårdaren har en roll att rädda liv men då går emot patientens självbestämmanderätt. De olika företrädarna för professionerna har olika syn på hälsa. Sjuksköterskan försätts i en konflikt mellan att respektera patientens autonomi eller att utföra läkarordinationen. För vårdpersonalen uppstår ytterligare ett problem när patienten är medvetslös och inte kan ge sin aktuella ståndpunkt gällande behandling. I resultatdiskussionen belyser vi att det inte finns några konkreta lösningar på de etiska problemen och att sjukvårdarna är dåligt förberedda på att hantera situationer som dessa. Vårdpersonal bör vara medveten om vilken inverkan kultur och religion har på människors liv och hur man ser på hälsa och sjukdom. Utbildning inom etik menar vi är en förutsättning för att kunna hantera de etiska problem som uppstår när patienten tillhörande Jehovas vittne avsäger sig blodtransfusion. Bristande kunskap i sjukvårdspraxis finns och därför behövs det vidare forskning och utbildning inom området för att kunna hantera dessa etiska problem. / Program: Sjuksköterskeutbildning

Nurses experiencing bullying or witnessing other nurses bullied may choose to vacate their hospital positions. Nurse attrition negatively impacts a hospital's bottom line, which can lead to insolvency and a lack of access to healthcare by patients. The purpose of this phenomenological study was to understand the choices nurses made regarding their careers after experiencing or witnessing bullying and to calculate a hospital's cost of loss. Freire's oppressed group theory provided the conceptual framework for the study. The basis of the research questions was to understand how the nurse felt when bullied or observing a coworker bullied, the actions taken, and the financial impact to the hospital. The snowball technique secured 11 RN participants for this phenomenological study with data collection consisting of a demographic questionnaire and semistructured interviews. Data analysis followed Maxwell's plan of initial analysis, transcribing and coding, theme identification, a final coding review, and the final abstraction. The findings in this study demonstrated that based on the lived experiences of the participants, demographics did not influence who or how nurses were bullied; and after leaving the employer, bullied nurses and witnesses displayed various emotions that encompassed nonchalance, anger, tears, or relief. Over half said they would have stayed if they had not been bullied or witnessed it. An additional theme demonstrated that the results of bullying significantly affected a hospital's bottom line in revenue and reputation. Eleven suggestions have been recommended for future studies. Academics, hospital administrators, nurses, and the community at large can use the study findings to effect changes in the hospital environment through conversations, grass-roots efforts, and collaboration.

This thesis examines the relationship between justice and recovery for survivors of sexual violence in the aftermath of armed conflict. Using the case study of the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia (ICTY), the thesis evaluates whether international criminal justice can contribute positively to victim vindication and restoration. While the historical war crimes tribunals at Nuremberg and Tokyo have been widely criticised for exercising a “victor’s justice”, this thesis illustrates a discernible shift towards a form of “victim’s justice” that extends beyond the parameters of punishment and proportionality for serious violations of international humanitarian law (IHL). Restorative principles of justice have thus been increasingly incorporated within current international criminal jurisdictions, reflected in victim-friendly legislation at the ICTY and the recently established International Criminal Court (ICC). These developments recognise the significance of justice for victims in the aftermath of armed conflict. (For complete abstract open document)

This thesis examines the rhetoric of Theodore Dwight Weld's American Slavery As It Is: Testimony of a Thousand Witnesses. Published anonymously in 1839, Weld's publication became the longest antislavery tract in American history. It left its mark on the abolitionist movement itself and future antislavery literary works most notably Uncle Tom's Cabin. Despite its historical and rhetorical importance, Weld's text has been subjected to little critical exploration. This being the case, it is the goal of this study to find the dominant means of persuasion that Weld used to argue to antebellum northern audiences that slavery is evil and should be abolished. Weld accomplishes this goal by using a judicial motif throughout his tract. In his text, Weld acts as prosecutor and asks his readers to act as jurors in judging the legitimacy of slavery in the United States. In doing so, Weld relies on evidence in the form of testimony and newspaper advertisements to prove his arguments. I utilize the Hermagorian system of stasis to shed light on Weld's use of the judicial motif. This system points to four main questions, which represent the main stands of argument between a prosecutor and defense. The four main questions are the stases of conjecture, definition, quality, and objection. Under the stasis of conjecture I show that Weld demonstrates that slavery results when individuals are motivated by absolute arbitrary power. Under the stasis of definition I argue that the South offered the justifications of "necessary evil" and "positive good" in linking their way of life to the institution of slavery. Weld rejects these justifications and establishes his own account of slavery to be a thirst for absolute power over others. In the third stasis of quality I show that Weld argues that human nature is against slavery and therefore, should be abolished. In the last stasis of objection I show that Weld answers the question of whether abolitionists are justified in condemning slavery. Using The Hermagorian system of stasis shows that although each one is applicable to an analysis of Weld's tract, the stases of quality and objection are the most fruitful in establishing the effectiveness of Weld's rhetoric. By combining both emotion and logic for his jurors, Weld accomplishes his role as prosecutor in the case. Once his jurors act in accordance to the judicial motif as members of humanity and see the slaves in the same light, they are forced to bring back a just verdict of guilty because slavery is against the very essence of humanity itself. / Graduation date: 1999

Zugl.: Berlin, Humboldt-Univ., Diss. 2008 / Includes bibliographical references (p. 398-410).

Thesis (doctoral)--Universität, Greifswald, 1999. / Includes bibliographical references (p. [891]-910) and index.

This thesis traces the history of Conscientious Objection and draft evasion from the introduction of the Universal Male Conscription system in 1949 to the end of the authoritarian dictatorship period in 1993. I especially focus on the persecution and stigmatization of religious Conscientious Objector groups such as the South Korean Jehovah’s Witnesses and the Seventh-day Adventists. The negative labeling of these Conscientious Objectors as social deviants is part of an initiative led by the South Korean state to solidify Universal Male Conscription as a social norm. This process was supported by the implementation of a national surveillance system as well as the intensification of a nation-wide crackdown on draft evasion, which was viewed indifferently from Conscientious Objection. Thus, this project reveals the ostracization of Conscientious Objection as well as the normalization of Universal Male Conscription as an interconnected issue that came to be perpetuated throughout South Korean History.