ABSTRACT Purpose: The purpose of the study was threefold. Firstly, to investigate if a four week program in pain rehabilitation had any effect on how much individuals with persistent pain worked and their degree of kinesiophobia. Secondly, to study if there was a correlation between how much these individuals worked and their degree of kinesiophobia. Thirdly, to study if there was a correlation between the change in these variables. Method: 112 patients who had participated in a four week rehabilitation program took part in the study. The study had a retrospective design, which was based on a review on medical records and consisted of three minor parts. The first part had a quasi-experimental comparative design and the other two parts had non-experimental cross-sectional correlative designs. Kinesiophobia was analyzed with the Swedish version of the Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia (TSK-SV). How much a patient was working was measured in percent. Results: Both work status and kinesiophobia had improved significant in every measurement. The highest improvement in the variable of kinesiophobia was discovered by the end of the program in pain rehabilitation and by the twelve month follow-up in the variable about how much patients was working. Analysis with Spearman’s rang correlation coefficient showed a weak statistical significant correlation between how much individuals work and their degree of kinesiophobia in the twelve months follow-up. There was however no statistical significant correlation between the change of how much individuals worked and the change of their degree of kinesiophobia, neither in the two nor in the twelve months follow-up. Conclusions: This is one of the first studies that have been done who investigate the correlation between kinesiophobia and how much individuals with persistent pain are working and it shows that there is a need to continue to investigate the correlation between them, both for the individual as well as for the society in general and if possible also study what importance self-efficacy has in this context.

1. The problem and objective of study Workers in physically demanding jobs have, over the last decade, shown a high incidence of work-related injuries as well as other related physical disorders (Dempsey & Hashemi, 1999:183; Mital & Ramakrishnan, 1999:74; WHO, 1999:1; Weir & Nielson, 2001:128; Cox et al, 2003:6). This has been shown to lead to absenteeism, lost work time and poor work quality which in turn give rise to increased costs of yearly worker compensation claims, medical treatment and general loss of production (Ciriello & Snook, 1999:149; Mital, 1999:246-247; Cox et al., 2003:6). For example, the World Health Organization indicates that work related injuries and illness kill an estimated 1.1 million people worldwide every year. This is roughly equal to the number of worldwide deaths due to malaria each year (WHO, 1999:1). Research indicates that these types of injuries and/or work disability usually occur when the physical demands of the work tasks exceed the physical work capacity of the worker (Chaffin, 1974:251-254; Fraser, 1992:24; Shrey, 1997a:8). Two types of workers are usually pointed out by management in this regard, namely the older workers and females that are exposed to tasks with a high physical demand (Ayoub & Mital, 1989:9; Smith & Mustard, 2004:755; Sluiter, 2006:438). The above-mentioned problem seems to be a global concern (Mital, 1999:246; WHO, 1999:1) and forces companies to better manage the physical incapacity of workers in physical demanding jobs. The management of the electricity supply company in South Africa (hereafter the company) who realised that this problem was also prevalent in their workforce, developed minimum physical ability task requirements, that represent the physical work demands, for all the physically demanding jobs (Lubbe, 2003b:4). These minimum requirements enable the company to determine which workers do not have the physical work capacity to perform their physical work demands and to implement the necessary management process, such as a worksite wellness program, to address the problem. Hence the objective of the study were to determine the: a) role of gender on the physical work capacity profile of workers in the company based on the minimum physical ability task requirements of their job; b) role of age on the physical work capacity profile of workers in the company based on the minimum physical ability task requirements of their job; c) effect of a worksite wellness program on the physical work capacity profile of workers in the company based on the minimum physical ability task requirements of their job. 2. Summary of results a) The physical work capacity of male workers in this population are practically significant greater than that of female workers with the same job-related minimum physical ability task requirements. b) Practically significant more female workers do not have the minimum physical work capacity required by their job, than male workers. c) The physical work capacity of workers in physically demanding jobs within this company declines with aging. d) The age-related decline in physical work capacity for male workers is to such an extent that from the age of 60, the physical work demands of their job exceed their physical work capacity. e) The age-related decline in physical work capacity for female workers is to such an extent that, in general, the indication is that they will never have the required physical work capacity based on the minimum physical ability task requirements of their job, for it is predicted that from the age of 18, the physical work demands of their job exceed their physical work capacity. f) A worksite wellness program assists workers whose physical work capacity profile does not meet the minimum physical ability task requirements of their job, to regain the required physical work capacity. g) A worksite wellness program provide an alternative option to managing the physical work capacity of their workers, other than ill-health retirement, retrenchments or prolonged sick-leave. / Thesis (Ph.D. (Human Movement Science))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2008.

1. The problem and objective of study Workers in physically demanding jobs have, over the last decade, shown a high incidence of work-related injuries as well as other related physical disorders (Dempsey & Hashemi, 1999:183; Mital & Ramakrishnan, 1999:74; WHO, 1999:1; Weir & Nielson, 2001:128; Cox et al, 2003:6). This has been shown to lead to absenteeism, lost work time and poor work quality which in turn give rise to increased costs of yearly worker compensation claims, medical treatment and general loss of production (Ciriello & Snook, 1999:149; Mital, 1999:246-247; Cox et al., 2003:6). For example, the World Health Organization indicates that work related injuries and illness kill an estimated 1.1 million people worldwide every year. This is roughly equal to the number of worldwide deaths due to malaria each year (WHO, 1999:1). Research indicates that these types of injuries and/or work disability usually occur when the physical demands of the work tasks exceed the physical work capacity of the worker (Chaffin, 1974:251-254; Fraser, 1992:24; Shrey, 1997a:8). Two types of workers are usually pointed out by management in this regard, namely the older workers and females that are exposed to tasks with a high physical demand (Ayoub & Mital, 1989:9; Smith & Mustard, 2004:755; Sluiter, 2006:438). The above-mentioned problem seems to be a global concern (Mital, 1999:246; WHO, 1999:1) and forces companies to better manage the physical incapacity of workers in physical demanding jobs. The management of the electricity supply company in South Africa (hereafter the company) who realised that this problem was also prevalent in their workforce, developed minimum physical ability task requirements, that represent the physical work demands, for all the physically demanding jobs (Lubbe, 2003b:4). These minimum requirements enable the company to determine which workers do not have the physical work capacity to perform their physical work demands and to implement the necessary management process, such as a worksite wellness program, to address the problem. Hence the objective of the study were to determine the: a) role of gender on the physical work capacity profile of workers in the company based on the minimum physical ability task requirements of their job; b) role of age on the physical work capacity profile of workers in the company based on the minimum physical ability task requirements of their job; c) effect of a worksite wellness program on the physical work capacity profile of workers in the company based on the minimum physical ability task requirements of their job. 2. Summary of results a) The physical work capacity of male workers in this population are practically significant greater than that of female workers with the same job-related minimum physical ability task requirements. b) Practically significant more female workers do not have the minimum physical work capacity required by their job, than male workers. c) The physical work capacity of workers in physically demanding jobs within this company declines with aging. d) The age-related decline in physical work capacity for male workers is to such an extent that from the age of 60, the physical work demands of their job exceed their physical work capacity. e) The age-related decline in physical work capacity for female workers is to such an extent that, in general, the indication is that they will never have the required physical work capacity based on the minimum physical ability task requirements of their job, for it is predicted that from the age of 18, the physical work demands of their job exceed their physical work capacity. f) A worksite wellness program assists workers whose physical work capacity profile does not meet the minimum physical ability task requirements of their job, to regain the required physical work capacity. g) A worksite wellness program provide an alternative option to managing the physical work capacity of their workers, other than ill-health retirement, retrenchments or prolonged sick-leave. / Thesis (Ph.D. (Human Movement Science))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2008.

Diss. (sammanfattning) Stockholm : Karol. inst., 2002. / Härtill 5 uppsatser.

Thesis (D. Min.)--Ashland Theological Seminary, 1996. / Abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 137-142).

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Ohio State University, 2005. / Title from first page of PDF file. Document formatted into pages; contains xii, 171 p. Includes bibliographical references (p. 137-153). Available online via OhioLINK's ETD Center

Esta dissertação aborda a problemática relacionada às atividades laborais de pessoas portadoras de deficiência (PPD) mental moderada e leve treinável, que trabalham em centros abrigados (CAZON e COOPA) em Porto Alegre (RS). Com base nos protocolos Maeces e ESAP , foi desenvolvido um protocolo para mapeamento/avaliação das habilidades das PPDs, que mostrou que habilidades como atenção, destreza manual, imaginação e trabalho em grupo são subutilizadas atualmente e devem ser maximizadas em um novo sistema de trabalho. O levantamento também mostrou que a demanda, tanto das PPDs quanto de pais e professores, é por mais atividades, sem descontinuidade, já que a atividade laboral é importante, principalmente, para o equilíbrio emocional da população amostrada. / This study evaluated the level of difficulty of the activities carried out by people with medium level mental disabilities, who work at two protected centers (CAZON and COOPA) at Porto Alegre/RS. Work abilities were mapped with a protocol based on Maeces and ESAP protocols. The results showed that abilities such as attention, manual dexterity, imagination and work in group are sub used, and therefore should be engaged in a new work system. People with mental disabilities, their parents, relatives and professionals acting at the centers consider that the work system should also involve more continuous activities, because work is very important for the quality of life of this specific population.

Esta dissertação aborda a problemática relacionada às atividades laborais de pessoas portadoras de deficiência (PPD) mental moderada e leve treinável, que trabalham em centros abrigados (CAZON e COOPA) em Porto Alegre (RS). Com base nos protocolos Maeces e ESAP , foi desenvolvido um protocolo para mapeamento/avaliação das habilidades das PPDs, que mostrou que habilidades como atenção, destreza manual, imaginação e trabalho em grupo são subutilizadas atualmente e devem ser maximizadas em um novo sistema de trabalho. O levantamento também mostrou que a demanda, tanto das PPDs quanto de pais e professores, é por mais atividades, sem descontinuidade, já que a atividade laboral é importante, principalmente, para o equilíbrio emocional da população amostrada. / This study evaluated the level of difficulty of the activities carried out by people with medium level mental disabilities, who work at two protected centers (CAZON and COOPA) at Porto Alegre/RS. Work abilities were mapped with a protocol based on Maeces and ESAP protocols. The results showed that abilities such as attention, manual dexterity, imagination and work in group are sub used, and therefore should be engaged in a new work system. People with mental disabilities, their parents, relatives and professionals acting at the centers consider that the work system should also involve more continuous activities, because work is very important for the quality of life of this specific population.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:22:53Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2003-03-28Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T19:28:24Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 eleno_tg_me_rcla.pdf: 195961 bytes, checksum: 300673910af83cc4b49149d1b3f5f5a0 (MD5) / Conhecimentos sobre a participação dos metabolismos aeróbio e anaeróbio em exercício são importantes para compreender e prever os efeitos dos diferentes tipos de treinamentos. Muitos modelos têm sido propostos para a predição da participação dessas duas vias energéticas no exercício. Um deles, proposto em 1965, sugere a existência de uma intensidade de esforço, denominada potência crítica (PC), abaixo da qual o suprimento energético é dependente exclusivamente do metabolismo aeróbio. Até a intensidade da PC, o exercício pode ser realizado por longo tempo, sem exaustão. Acima dessa intensidade, as reservas anaeróbias de energia de dimensão finita denominada capacidade de trabalho anaeróbio (CTA), são requeridas e sua total depleção está associada com a exaustão. A aplicabilidade deste modelo vem sendo estudada e comprovada em exercícios contínuos, constituindo uma forma simples e não invasiva de se determinar as capacidades aeróbia e anaeróbia. O propósito deste estudo foi explorar o exercício intermitente através do modelo da potência crítica, principalmente quanto aos efeitos da duração da pausa na reposição da CTA. Indivíduos ativos foram submetidos a exercícios contínuos e intermitentes realizados em cicloergômetro, até a exaustão. Para os testes intermitentes, os regimes de esforço-pausa foram 15 s de exercício por 15 s, 30 s, 45 s e 60 s de pausa passiva. A PC e CTA foram determinadas a partir dos testes contínuos, através de regressão linear simples, segundo a equação P = CTA x 1/tlim + PC. A comparação entre as variáveis foi realizada através da análise de variância (ANOVA) para medidas repetidas, com nível de significância de 5% (p<0,05). Os principais resultados indicam que: da quantidade total de trabalho intermitente realizado, aproximadamente 58%, 85%, 88% e 90% correspondeu ao... / The knowledge of the contribution of aerobic and anaerobic metabolism during exercises plays a key role to anticipate the effects of different types of training. Many models have been proposed to predict the contribution of these two energetic pathways on the exercise work output. Among them, a model, proposed by Monod and Scherrer in 1965, suggests the existence of an exercise's intensity, named critical power (CP), below which the energetic supply is dependent, exclusively, on the aerobic metabolism. At the intensity corresponding to or below the critical power, the exercise can be done for a long time without exhaustion. Above this intensity, the finite anaerobic reserves of energy named anaerobic work capacity (AWC) are required and its total depletion is associated with exhaustion. The applicability of this model has been studied and confirmed in continuous exercises. It has been recognized as a simple and not invasive procedure to determine aerobic and anaerobic capacities. The purpose of this study was to explore the intermittent exercise through the critical power model, specifically the effects of the pause's duration on the replacement of the AWC. Active subjects were submitted to a continuous and intermittent ciclergometer exercises until exhaustion. For the intermittent tests, the exercise rest regimes were 15 s of exercise and 15 s, 30 s, 45 s and 60 s of passive recovery. The CP and AWC were determined by the results of continuous tests through a simple linear equation: P = AWC x 1/tlim + CP. The comparison among the variables was done by the analysis of variance (ANOVA) for repeated measures with a significance level of 5% (p<0,05). The main results indicated that: 1) from the total amount of intermittent work, approximately 58%, 85%, 88% and 90% was extra when compared to the continuous exercise for the same time of tests with 15 s, 30... (Complete abstract, click electronic address below)

Esta dissertação aborda a problemática relacionada às atividades laborais de pessoas portadoras de deficiência (PPD) mental moderada e leve treinável, que trabalham em centros abrigados (CAZON e COOPA) em Porto Alegre (RS). Com base nos protocolos Maeces e ESAP , foi desenvolvido um protocolo para mapeamento/avaliação das habilidades das PPDs, que mostrou que habilidades como atenção, destreza manual, imaginação e trabalho em grupo são subutilizadas atualmente e devem ser maximizadas em um novo sistema de trabalho. O levantamento também mostrou que a demanda, tanto das PPDs quanto de pais e professores, é por mais atividades, sem descontinuidade, já que a atividade laboral é importante, principalmente, para o equilíbrio emocional da população amostrada. / This study evaluated the level of difficulty of the activities carried out by people with medium level mental disabilities, who work at two protected centers (CAZON and COOPA) at Porto Alegre/RS. Work abilities were mapped with a protocol based on Maeces and ESAP protocols. The results showed that abilities such as attention, manual dexterity, imagination and work in group are sub used, and therefore should be engaged in a new work system. People with mental disabilities, their parents, relatives and professionals acting at the centers consider that the work system should also involve more continuous activities, because work is very important for the quality of life of this specific population.