Orientador: Eduardo Kokubun / Banca: Claudio Alexandre Gobatto / Banca: Vilmar Baldissera / Resumo: Conhecimentos sobre a participação dos metabolismos aeróbio e anaeróbio em exercício são importantes para compreender e prever os efeitos dos diferentes tipos de treinamentos. Muitos modelos têm sido propostos para a predição da participação dessas duas vias energéticas no exercício. Um deles, proposto em 1965, sugere a existência de uma intensidade de esforço, denominada potência crítica (PC), abaixo da qual o suprimento energético é dependente exclusivamente do metabolismo aeróbio. Até a intensidade da PC, o exercício pode ser realizado por longo tempo, sem exaustão. Acima dessa intensidade, as reservas anaeróbias de energia de dimensão finita denominada capacidade de trabalho anaeróbio (CTA), são requeridas e sua total depleção está associada com a exaustão. A aplicabilidade deste modelo vem sendo estudada e comprovada em exercícios contínuos, constituindo uma forma simples e não invasiva de se determinar as capacidades aeróbia e anaeróbia. O propósito deste estudo foi explorar o exercício intermitente através do modelo da potência crítica, principalmente quanto aos efeitos da duração da pausa na reposição da CTA. Indivíduos ativos foram submetidos a exercícios contínuos e intermitentes realizados em cicloergômetro, até a exaustão. Para os testes intermitentes, os regimes de esforço-pausa foram 15 s de exercício por 15 s, 30 s, 45 s e 60 s de pausa passiva. A PC e CTA foram determinadas a partir dos testes contínuos, através de regressão linear simples, segundo a equação P = CTA x 1/tlim + PC. A comparação entre as variáveis foi realizada através da análise de variância (ANOVA) para medidas repetidas, com nível de significância de 5% (p<0,05). Os principais resultados indicam que: da quantidade total de trabalho intermitente realizado, aproximadamente 58%, 85%, 88% e 90% correspondeu ao... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: The knowledge of the contribution of aerobic and anaerobic metabolism during exercises plays a key role to anticipate the effects of different types of training. Many models have been proposed to predict the contribution of these two energetic pathways on the exercise work output. Among them, a model, proposed by Monod and Scherrer in 1965, suggests the existence of an exercise's intensity, named critical power (CP), below which the energetic supply is dependent, exclusively, on the aerobic metabolism. At the intensity corresponding to or below the critical power, the exercise can be done for a long time without exhaustion. Above this intensity, the finite anaerobic reserves of energy named anaerobic work capacity (AWC) are required and its total depletion is associated with exhaustion. The applicability of this model has been studied and confirmed in continuous exercises. It has been recognized as a simple and not invasive procedure to determine aerobic and anaerobic capacities. The purpose of this study was to explore the intermittent exercise through the critical power model, specifically the effects of the pause's duration on the replacement of the AWC. Active subjects were submitted to a continuous and intermittent ciclergometer exercises until exhaustion. For the intermittent tests, the exercise rest regimes were 15 s of exercise and 15 s, 30 s, 45 s and 60 s of passive recovery. The CP and AWC were determined by the results of continuous tests through a simple linear equation: P = AWC x 1/tlim + CP. The comparison among the variables was done by the analysis of variance (ANOVA) for repeated measures with a significance level of 5% (p<0,05). The main results indicated that: 1) from the total amount of intermittent work, approximately 58%, 85%, 88% and 90% was extra when compared to the continuous exercise for the same time of tests with 15 s, 30... (Complete abstract, click electronic address below) / Mestre

Heat exposure causes several physiological and metabolic alterations. Although lipids are vital in sustaining energy production, heat-induced alterations in lipid metabolism have not been clearly established. CHAPTER 1 reviews the known metabolic alterations resulting from heat stress, with a specific focus on changes in whole-body lipid utilization and plasma lipids. CHAPTER 1also outlines the physiological changes caused by heat stress, and their role in reducing exercise performance. The study presented in CHAPTER 2 has shown that, compared to thermoneutral conditions, NEFA concentrations were 37% higher following passive heating and 34% higher following exercise in the heat, without significant changes in whole-body lipid utilization. In addition, the level of hyperthermia attained during passive pre-heating and exercise in the heat resulted in a 13% decrease in total external work and a significantly higher rate of perceived exertion. CHAPTER 3 summarizes the study results and presents the limitations and applications of the study.

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of program type and selected predictor variables on the vocational placement and feelings of self-esteem of disabled male workers. It was predicted that: (1) a physical capacity assessment program (PCA), designed by the investigator, would result in a higher rate of successful vocational placement than conventional placement techniques, in a shorter period of time and with a better vocational match; (2) increased measures of self-esteem would be experienced by the PCA group and at a more significant level than conventional vocational programs; (3) there would not be a significant interaction between the vocational placement variables and the independent variables of age, degree of disability and injury type; and (4) there would not be a significant effect of selected moderator variables between groups on the vocational placement variables. Fifty disabled workers were randomly selected from the active caseloads of the Vocational Rehabilitation Department of the Workers' Compensation Board of British Columbia for participation in the study. Their average age was 33.32 years, and their average length of time on wage loss was 245 days. All subjects were injured as the result of an industrial accident, were no longer undergoing medical treatment, had been cleared for a return to work but were suffering from a residual disability that prevented them from returning to the work force. Subjects were randomly assigned to one of two treatment conditions involving vocational counselling with job search training (JS) and vocational counselling with physical capacity assessment (PCA). Following completion of the program, subjects began job search activities and were monitored for a period of 6 months or until successful vocational placement was achieved. Data analyses showed that: there was a significant main effect between groups for success in vocational placement with PCA placing more subjects than job search; there were no significant differences between groups on measures of self-esteem following completion of the programs; there was a significant interaction effect of age, degree of disability and type of injury with success in vocational placement and; there was a significant interaction effect of several moderator variables including marital status and length of time on wage loss with success in vocational placement and time to vocational placement. The results tend to support the use of physical capacity assessment for the guantification of individual capacity to perform work. Further, the results suggest that the use of PCA information in the identification and selection of appropriate vocational alternatives can significantly enhance the success of vocational placement disabled workers. Recommendations were made for future research. / Education, Faculty of / Educational and Counselling Psychology, and Special Education (ECPS), Department of / Graduate

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of accentuated eccentric load (AEL) resistance training and changes in work capacity, high-intensity exercise endurance (HIEE) and lactate metabolism. Seventeen recreationally trained subjects (11 males and 6 females) (mean ± SD: age = 23.2 ± 4.2 yrs, BM = 81.3 ± 22.2 kg, height = 172.1 ± 10 cm, male relative back squat (BS) [MD1] strength (1RM*BM-1) = 1.64 ± 0.32 kg*kg-1, female relative BS strength = 1.39 ± 0.32 kg*kg-1) participated in the study. Subjects completed a week of familiarization to participate in a week of pre-testing, 4 weeks of strength endurance (S-E) training (3 weeks of increasing intensity with 1 deload week) followed by a final week of post-testing. Subjects were randomly assigned into AEL and traditional (TRAD) resistance training groups, pair matched for relative strength. The AEL subjects performed 3 sets of 10 reps for all multi-joint compound movements where 5 AEL repetitions were performed within the set followed by a traditional repletion and 15 s intraset rest to reattach AEL equipment, like a cluster set (CS) protocol. Resistance training was performed 3 days a week with sprint and agility training two days a week. Maximal BS strength (1RM) and HIEE were tested pre and post training block. HIEE was tested in an incremental exercise test to failure, starting at an initial load of 40kg for 10 reps/min with 2min rest to increase load. Additionally, blood lactate concentrations (BLa) were collected at baseline before any exercise was performed, after warming up, after stage three of HIEE, immediately after the final repetition, 5- and 10- minutes post final repetition. While over time maximal strength and work capacity increased no statistical difference was observed between AEL and TRAD groups after training. Additionally, there were no statistically significant differences in the BLa at similar time points pre and post. Statistically significant correlations were found between strength (squat 1RM) and work capacity, however, strength failed to account for a majority of the variance in the observed data. [MD1]Back Squat (BS)

No description available.

M.Com. (Sports Management) / Please refer to full text to view abstract

As patologias do ombro representam o primeiro lugar de afastamento por doenças do trabalho e os professores estão incluídos entre os profissionais que apresentam sobrecarga nesta articulação pelas posturas que realizam. Os objetivos deste estudo foram identificar prevalências de queixas músculoesqueléticas nestes profissionais e delimitar uma zona de conforto de escrita na lousa. A avaliação das queixas foi realizada por meio de do Questionário Nórdico de Sintomas Osteomusculares e Mapa de Desconforto Postural em 82 professores do ensino básico, fundamental e médio. A zona de conforto foi avaliada por meio de estudo psicofísico utilizando as Escalas Visual Analógica e de Borg. Os resultados mostraram que coluna, pernas e ombro direito apresentaram maiores índices de queixas e que a faixa entre 20 cm acima e 30 cm abaixo do nível do ombro não apresentam desconforto nesta atividade. Concluiu-se que professores podem apresentar sobrecarga postural dependendo das alturas em que utilizam a lousa para escrever / The pathologies of the shoulder represent the first removal by occupational diseases and teachers are included among professionals who have this joint overhead by performing postures. The objectives of this study were to identify the prevalence of musculoskeletal complaints in these professionals and delimit a comfort zone of writing on the blackboard. A review of the complaints was performed using the Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire and Map Postural Discomfort in 82 elementary school teachers, and high school. The comfort zone was evaluated by psychophysical study using the Visual Analogue Scales and Borg. The results showed that column, legs and right shoulder had higher rates of complaints and that the range between 20 cm above and 30 cm below the level of the shoulder discomfort not have this activity. It was concluded that teachers may exhibit overload posture depending on the use the times when writing blackboard

Introdução: O aperfeiçoamento das políticas de saúde e segurança no trabalho requer inovação no gerenciamento de recursos humanos, demandando ações direcionadas para boas condições de trabalho e saúde. Objetivo: Analisar a associação da capacidade para o trabalho e do presenteísmo entre trabalhadores de enfermagem e propor intervenções para a prevenção do presenteísmo e das incapacidades para o trabalho. Método: Estudo epidemiológico de recorte transversal, com abordagem quanti-qualitativa dos dados, desenvolvido no Hospital Universitário da Universidade de São Paulo (HU-USP), com todos os trabalhadores assistenciais da equipe de enfermagem e seus respectivos gerentes. Os dados foram coletados por meio de quatro instrumentos: formulário contendo dados sociodemográficos e profissionais, questionário Índice de Capacidade para o Trabalho (ICT), Escala de Presenteísmo de Stanford (SPS-6) e entrevista coletiva (grupo focal) com os gerentes de enfermagem. O projeto foi submetido ao Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa da Escola de Enfermagem da Universidade de São Paulo e a coleta autorizada pelo HU-USP. Os dados foram coletados no período de fevereiro a novembro de 2015, sendo que todos os participantes assinaram o Termo de Consentimento Livre e Esclarecido. O contato com os trabalhadores foi no próprio local e turno de trabalho, seguido da apresentação do projeto e do convite para participação no estudo. Foi usado o teste Qui quadrado para a análise bivariada dos fatores associados à capacidade para trabalho. As variáveis que apresentaram p<0,20 foram incluídas na modelagem múltipla, por meio de análise de regressão logística stepwise forward. Os dados qualitativos foram transcritos e submetidos à análise de conteúdo temática. Resultados: Em relação aos dados quantitativos foram eleitos 516 sujeitos e desses 379 (73,4%) participaram da pesquisa. A média etária foi de 41,6 anos (dp=9,2 anos), variando de 23,0 a 65,0 anos, sendo 331 (87,3%) mulheres, casadas (60,6%), com escolaridade de nível superior (63,6%). O tempo médio de atuação na profissão de enfermagem era de 16,2 anos (dp=8,0 anos) e 63,0% exerciam a função de técnico ou auxiliar de enfermagem. A jornada de trabalho semanal foi de 38,5 horas em média (dp=8,6 horas), sendo que a maioria (55,6%) relatou mais de 01 hora diária de tempo de trajeto. A média do ICT foi considerada boa, com 39,1 pontos (dp=5,9), variando de 20,0 a 49,0 pontos, porém 38.3% com ICT inadequado. O presenteísmo foi revelado por 39.8% dos participantes, desses 23.7% com desempenho mantido e 16,1% com desempenho reduzido. Dentre os problemas de saúde, os distúrbios musculoesqueléticos, gastrointestinais, respiratórios e emocionais foram os mais prevalentes. Observou-se associação estatisticamente significativa entre a capacidade para o trabalho e o presenteísmo (p<0,001), sendo que entre os trabalhadores com melhor desempenho houve maior prevalência de capacidade para o trabalho adequada (68,2%) do que entre aqueles com redução do desempenho (27,9%). A análise dos dados qualitativos resultou em três categorias nas dimensões individual, gerencial e institucional com propostas de intervenções focadas nos temas de sensibilização para adesão às medidas de proteção, gestão e liderança para cultura de segurança no trabalho e os recursos disponíveis na universidade como estratégia de mudança. Conclusão: As intervenções gerenciais propostas para a saúde do trabalhador foram consideradas atributos para a qualidade de vida no trabalho, longevidade e garantia de segurança na assistência de enfermagem e melhora na acreditação hospitalar. / Introduction - The improvement of occupational health and safety policies requires innovation in human resource management, demanding actions directed at good working conditions and health. Objective - Analyze the association between work ability and presenteeism among nursing workers and propose interventions to prevent presenteeism and occupational disability. Method - Epidemiological cross-sectional study, with quantitative and qualitative data approach, developed at the University Hospital of the University of Sao Paulo (HU-USP), with all the nursing care workers and their respective managers. The data were collected through four instruments: sociodemographic and professional profile questionnaire, Work Ability Index (WAI), Stanford Presenteeism Scale (SPS-6) and nursing managers focus group discussion. The project was submitted to the Research Ethics Committee of the Nursing School of the University of Sao Paulo and the collection authorized by the HU-USP. The data were collected from February to November 2015, and all the participants signed the Informed Consent form. The contact with the workers was made at their own workplace and during their work shift. It was followed by the project presentation and the invitation to take part of the survey. The chi-square test was used for the bivariate analysis of the factors associated with the work ability. The variables presenting p<0.20 were included in the multivariate data modeling through a stepwise forward logistic regression analysis. The qualitative data were transcribed and submitted to a thematic content analysis. Results - Regarding quantitative data, 516 subjects were elected and 379 (73.4%) of them participated in the survey. The average age was 41.6 years (SD=9.2 years), ranging from 23.0 to 65.0 years old, 331 (87.3%) were women, married (60.6%), with an educational higher level (63.6%).The average time of work in the nursing profession was 16.2 years (SD=8.0 years) and 63.0% exercised as technicians or nursing assistants. The average weekly working hours were 38.5 (SD=8.6 hours), and the majority (55.6%) reported spending more than 01 hour a day commuting. The WAI average score was considered good, with 39.1 points (SD=5.9), ranging from 20.0 to 49.0 points, but 38.3% presented an inadequate WAI. Presenteeism was revealed by 39.8% of the respondents, 23.7% of them maintaining their work performance, while 16.1% reducing it. The most prevalent health problems reported were musculoskeletal, gastrointestinal, respiratory and emotional disorders. A statistically significant association between work ability and presenteeism (p<0,001) could be noted. There was a higher prevalence of adequate work ability (68.2%) among workers with a better work performance than among those with a reduced one (27.9%). The qualitative data analysis resulted in three categories in the individual, managerial and institutional dimensions with intervention proposals focused on awareness issues for adherence to protective measures, management and leadership for safety culture at work and the resources available at the university as a strategy of change. Conclusion - The management interventions proposed for the worker´s health were considered as attributes to the quality of working life, longevity and safety assurance in nursing care and to the hospital accreditation improvement.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-10T10:54:39Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 NEYLA LADEIA GOMES DUARTE.pdf: 2352099 bytes, checksum: 8b4a79b00b9cdd02b1d15bb6bfc1381d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-03-11 / The quality of work life has been much discussed since the health started to be discussed in an integrated manner to other knowledge. The activities carried out in the ceramics industry require high physical demand. The ceramic workers deal with risks that start from the clay extraction, mineral transport to the factory, the mixing processes and rolled the clay and risks offered by the product of the firing process in the ovens. Actual job characteristics have influenced the health of workers in the several ways of working organization and management policies, disregarding the physical and mental limits of the worker, imposing on it with that the annulment of their subjectivity to ensure productivity and achievement of targets. The objective of this study was to investigate the influence of work ability and quality of life (QL) of ceramics industry workers; and relate the socio-demographic and occupational profile with the quality of life and the ceramic industry work ability. This was an analytical cross-sectional study. 73 employees of the production line participated the study. It was used the Work Ability Index (WAI), the instrument of Short Assessment of World Health Organization Quality of Life (WHOQOL-BREF) and a social demographic record. By the WAI instrument, it was found that 91.7% were rated as having good and excellent work ability. The quality of life had an average above 60 in all analyzed areas, being higher in social relations domain (79.11) and lower in the environmental field (60.92). It was found that the higher the monthly income of the family better quality of life in the psychological domain on the quality of life questionnaire. It was concluded that the employees showed up resilient despite the required demands and possible risks faced at work. The most had a good quality of life and are satisfied with their health and have a good work ability. / A qualidade de vida no trabalho tem sido bastante discutida uma vez que a saúde passou a ser debatida de forma integrada a outros conhecimentos. As atividades realizadas na indústria de cerâmica requerem demanda física elevada. Os trabalhadores de cerâmica lidam com riscos que começam desde a extração da argila, no transporte do mineral para a fábrica, nos processos de mistura e laminação do barro além dos riscos oferecidos pelo processo de queima do produto nos fornos. As características atuais do trabalho têm influenciado a saúde do trabalhador nas diversas formas de organização da atividade laboral e políticas de gerenciamento, desconsiderando os limites físicos e psíquicos do trabalhador, impondo-lhe com isso a anulação de sua subjetividade para assegurar a produtividade e o cumprimento das metas. O objetivo deste estudo foi verificar a capacidade para o trabalho e a qualidade de vida (QV) de funcionários de indústrias de cerâmica. Trata-se de uma pesquisa descritiva. Participaram do estudo 73 funcionários da linha de produção. Foram utilizados o Índice de Capacidade para o Trabalho (ICT), o instrumento de Avaliação de Qualidade de Vida da Organização Mundial de Saúde Abreviado (WHOQOL-bref) e uma ficha de perfil sociodemográfico. Verificou-se que 91,7% dos funcionários foram classificados como tendo boa e excelente capacidade para o trabalho. A qualidade de vida obteve pontuação média acima de 60 em todos os domínios analisados, sendo maior no domínio relações sociais (79,11) e menor no domínio ambiental (60,92). Conclui-se que os funcionários apresentaramse resilientes apesar das demandas exigidas e dos possíveis riscos enfrentados no trabalho, a maioria apresentou ter boa qualidade de vida e estão satisfeitos com suas condições de saúde e apresentam boa capacidade para o trabalho.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-27T18:11:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Nassara Luiza Lanzoni Alves.pdf: 1912204 bytes, checksum: 95898c5990aa67685cbb196a8fcb1806 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-12-14 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Introduction: high occurrence of voice disorders in teachers is observed, probably due to extensive use of speech in unfavorable working conditions, the determining factor for the work ability loss. Objective: Analyzing the association between the presence of voice disorder and work ability in female teachers of municipal schools in São Paulo. Methods: Case-control study in which the cases (167) were represented by teachers with voice changes observed in perceptual assessment of voice performed by a speech therapist and visual-perceptual assessment of voice performed by otolaryngologists. The control group (105) was selected in the same schools participating in the group of cases, finding no change in the assessments described above. All teachers answered two questionnaires: Condition of Vocal Production - Professor (CPV-P) to characterize the sample, and Work Ability Index (WAI - ICT), to examine the issues of capacity for work. The instrument liability was verified in the statistical analysis through the Cronbach's alpha coefficient. For the univariated analysis, chi-square test was performed with Yates correction to determine the association between the variables of each dimension of ICT and the presence of the voice disorder and univariated analysis and multiple logistic regression to estimate the factors independently associated with voice disorder. Results: The best current capacity for work in relation to all lifelong was found in the control group (35.2%). The ability in relation to the requirements for the work had the lowest score (47.3%) in the case group. Both the case group (44.9%) and control group (42.9%), teachers indicated the presence of one to three diseases. A great portion of the case group (27.8%) reported impairment or incapability to work. The number of work absences due to any disease up to nine days was found in higher percentage in the case group (43.6%). Most of the control group considered to be likely the good capability to work in two years (75.2%) showed high scores on mental resources (49.4%). Conclusion: therefore, teachers who had the voice disorder were more likely to lose the capability to work. There was a statistically significant association between the voice disorder related to work in the following dimensions: CURRENT ABILITY TO WORK AS COMPARED WITH THE BEST IN LIFELONG and ESTIMATED LOSS FOR THE WOR DUE TO ILLNESSES. New information can be raised about the conditions of the teacher's vocal production. It will give sequence to discussions on Voice Disorders Related to Work (DVRT), and also grant subsidy for the development of actions to promote health and prevention of voice disorders within this professional category / Introdução: grande ocorrência de distúrbios vocais é constatada em docentes, provavelmente pelo uso intenso da voz em condições desfavoráveis de trabalho, o que é determinante para a perda de capacidade para o trabalho. Objetivo: analisar a associação entre a presença de distúrbio de voz e capacidade para o trabalho em docentes do sexo feminino da rede municipal de ensino de São Paulo. Métodos: Estudo caso-controle em que os casos (167) foram representados por docentes com alteração de voz constatada em avaliação perceptivo-auditiva da voz realizada por fonoaudiólogo e perceptivo-visual de pregas vocais realizada por otorrinolaringologista. Os controles (105) foram selecionados nas mesmas escolas dos participantes do grupo de casos, sem constatação de alteração nas avaliações descritas anteriormente. Todas as docentes responderam dois questionários: Condição de Produção Vocal Professor (CPV-P) para caracterização da amostra, e Índice de Capacidade para o Trabalho (ICT), para analisar as questões de capacidade para o trabalho. Na análise estatística foi verificada a confiabilidade do instrumento pelo coeficiente de alpha de Cronbach. Foi realizado teste qui-quadrado, com correção de Yates, para determinar a associação entre as variáveis de cada dimensão do ICT e a presença do distúrbio de voz e análise de regressão logística univariada e múltipla para estimar os fatores associados independentes para o distúrbio de voz. Resultados: A melhor capacidade atual para o trabalho com relação à de toda a vida foi encontrada no grupo controle (35,2%). A capacidade em relação às exigências para o trabalho apresentou a mais baixa pontuação (47,3%) no grupo caso. Tanto no grupo caso (44,9%), como no controle (42,9%) as docentes indicam presença de uma a três doenças. Parte do grupo caso (27,8%) relatou impedimento ou incapacidade para trabalhar. O número de faltas no trabalho por doenças de até nove dias foi constatado em maior porcentagem no grupo caso (43,6%). A maioria do grupo controle considerou ser provável a boa capacidade para trabalhar em dois anos (75,2%) e apresentou alta pontuação nos recursos mentais (49,4%). Conclusão: foi possível concluir que as docentes que apresentaram distúrbio de voz tinham maior chance de perder a capacidade para o trabalho. Houve associação estatisticamente significativa entre o distúrbio de voz relacionado ao trabalho nas dimensões: CAPACIDADE ATUAL PARA O TRABALHO COMPARADA COM A MELHOR DE TODA A VIDA e PERDA ESTIMADA PARA O TRABALHO POR CAUSA DE DOENÇAS. Acredita-se que novas informações poderão ser levantadas a respeito das condições de produção vocal do professor. Essas permitirão dar sequência às discussões sobre o Distúrbio de Voz Relacionado ao Trabalho (DVRT), além de conceder subsídios para a elaboração de ações de promoção à saúde e prevenção de distúrbios vocais junto a essa categoria profissional