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The WTO, tourism and small states : finding policy space to developTurner, Angeline Biegler January 2010 (has links)
The WTO, tourism and small states: finding policy space to develop This study examines whether the General Agreement on Services (GATS) provides the necessary policy space for small states to pursue their development agendas. Small states in this study are defined in power terms. But the study also focuses on small states in a property sense--those with few diversification options, making the services sector potentially an important avenue for economic growth and diversification. The study seeks to examine critically the parameters that GATS places on policy-making of small states--whether governments are limited to providing a competitive business environment, or if they retain sufficient policy space to shape the development of a sector. The study also looks at the interplay between international and domestic factors in development of policy. The tourism industries of Oman and Qatar provide case studies to examine these issues. Tourism has the potential to contribute to the economies of small states generally, but debate exists as to whether GATS leaves small states with sufficient space to influence the direction of this sector. The similarities between Oman and Qatar in both power and property terms allow for a comparative examination of whether small states can find meaningful policy space. In addition, their domestic dynamics provide insight into the interplay between domestic and international pressures on policy choices. The experiences of Oman and Qatar suggest that there remains some policy space for states to develop their tourism industries in a manner compatible with local aspirations. Governments thus have some scope to direct the shape of the tourism sector beyond merely providing a competitive business environment. But policy direction is influenced by capacity, past experiences and existing norms, and these differences can result in varying outcomes. Additionally, small states must decide their priorities in on-going WTO negotiations in order to maintain existing policy space.
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A critical analysis of the African Union’s self-financing mechanismAdams, Gordon January 2019 (has links)
Magister Philosophiae - MPhil / In the process of describing the background to the problem, the author will in this section firstly, explain what the African Union (AU) has implemented, secondly, explain the relevant rules and regulations that need to be adhered to as World Trade Organisation (WTO) members and lastly, explain how the self-financing mechanism might be in contravention of the rules and regulations of the WTO required to be adhered to by all WTO Members.
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An Analysis Of The Actorness Of The Eu In The World Trade OrganisationSumer, Vakur 01 September 2004 (has links) (PDF)
This thesis analyzes the European Union as an international actor in the context of World Trade Organisation. This thesis discusses the interaction between the EU and the WTO from several important dimensions. This thesis also examines different theoretical perspectives about concepts of actors and actorness, the evolution of trade policy of the EU, and the history of world multilateral trade system as well.
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Access to essential medicines in East Africa: A review of East Africa community and its member states approach to WTO-TRIPS public health flexibilitiesMajok, Daniel Bol January 2018 (has links)
When the Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS) was
annexed to the Agreement Establishing the World Trade Organisation (WTO) in 1994, it set
minimum standards for intellectual property (IP) protection, including protection of patent
rights, that must be observed and enforced by all WTO Member States. On the one hand,
stringent Intellectual Property protection as seen innovation in the field of science where
medical innovation hasled to the creation of live saving vaccines which have reduced
prevalence of diseases, ranging from polio to the human Papillomavirus, and invention of
antiretroviral medicines which have greatly improved the lives of people living with the
Huma Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). On the other hand, the fulfilment of the obligations
under TRIPS has generated a lot of controversy especially as they have been seen as the
cause of reduced access to essential medicines in developing countries. / Magister Legum - LLM (Mercantile and Labour Law)
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Evaluating the enforcement of World Trade Organisation dispute settlement decisionsWalters, Zeph January 2019 (has links)
Magister Legum - LLM / The World Trade Organisation (WTO) deals with regulation of trade in goods, services and
intellectual property between participating countries by providing a framework for negotiating
trade agreements.1 Furthermore, it has implemented a dispute resolution process aimed at
enforcing participants' adherence to WTO agreements. Ideally, all WTO member states have
‘a level playing field’ in terms of access and equal rights under the dispute settlement
mechanism. Disputes should be resolved in a fair and impartial manner. However, the WTO’s
DSS has been criticised for being undemocratic, non-transparent and accountable to none.
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The end of the multifibre agreement : a case study of South Africa and China / Melissa Chantel KrugerKruger, Melissa Chantel January 2011 (has links)
The Multifibre Agreement ("MFA") regulated textile trade until 1 January 2005. It was
predominantly focused on curtailing textile exports from developing countries, like South
Africa and China. With the end of the MFA, a textile crisis occurred in South Africa due to
the domination of the domestic market by more affordable Chinese textile products. This
case study is applied to illustrate the inadequacy of domestic legislation to provide for the
resolution of an international trade dispute that affects an industry. No legislation refers to
the resolution of the trade dispute by entering into a Memorandum of Understanding
("MOU"), or recourse to the neutral dispute settlement body of the World Trade
Organisation ("WTO"). Due to the absence of legislation that directly addresses either
forum, all the power is vested• in the government to determine the appropriate course of
action. Applications brought by textile industry representative bodies like TEXFED,
CLOTRADE and SACTWU were inadequately investigated due to the limited powers of
the independent investigative body, ITAC, and were ultimately abandoned. The
government entered into a MOU with the Chinese government and in doing so violated
international agreements, rights and obligations. An analysis of the inadequacy of the
MOU that was entered into and the suitability of the WTO as dispute settlement body is
conducted. It is concluded that the current legislation is inadequate in that it doesn't
provide for recourse to the WTO and in that it doesn't clearly set out the obligations on
government and the independent powers of an independent body. / LLM (Import and Export Law), North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2012
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The end of the multifibre agreement : a case study of South Africa and China / Melissa Chantel KrugerKruger, Melissa Chantel January 2011 (has links)
The Multifibre Agreement ("MFA") regulated textile trade until 1 January 2005. It was
predominantly focused on curtailing textile exports from developing countries, like South
Africa and China. With the end of the MFA, a textile crisis occurred in South Africa due to
the domination of the domestic market by more affordable Chinese textile products. This
case study is applied to illustrate the inadequacy of domestic legislation to provide for the
resolution of an international trade dispute that affects an industry. No legislation refers to
the resolution of the trade dispute by entering into a Memorandum of Understanding
("MOU"), or recourse to the neutral dispute settlement body of the World Trade
Organisation ("WTO"). Due to the absence of legislation that directly addresses either
forum, all the power is vested• in the government to determine the appropriate course of
action. Applications brought by textile industry representative bodies like TEXFED,
CLOTRADE and SACTWU were inadequately investigated due to the limited powers of
the independent investigative body, ITAC, and were ultimately abandoned. The
government entered into a MOU with the Chinese government and in doing so violated
international agreements, rights and obligations. An analysis of the inadequacy of the
MOU that was entered into and the suitability of the WTO as dispute settlement body is
conducted. It is concluded that the current legislation is inadequate in that it doesn't
provide for recourse to the WTO and in that it doesn't clearly set out the obligations on
government and the independent powers of an independent body. / LLM (Import and Export Law), North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2012
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State-aid, subsidies and government bail-outs and their impact on international trade: a critical look at subsidies for financial services with particular focus on trade financeMatanga, Nigel S. January 2013 (has links)
Magister Philosophiae - MPhil
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Agricultural trade under the multilateral trade system in sub-Saharan Africa: a South African perspective with lessons from BrazilRunick, Alah Fru January 2011 (has links)
No description available.
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Anticipating pressing issues in trade and climate change policies: a critical analysis of border carbon adjustment measures with WTO lawAdedeji Adedayo Samuel January 2011 (has links)
No description available.
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