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The editor's Thesis--Heidelberg. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 3-37 (1st set)).

Thesis (M.A. in National Security Affairs)--Naval Postgraduate School, June 2007. / Thesis Advisor(s): Abbas Kadhim, Heather Gregg. "June 2007." Includes bibliographical references (p. 67 -71). Also available in print.

Tihama is Yemen's coastal strip of land bordering the Red Sea. It occupies an area of about 20,000 km² and represents the country's most promising agronomic resource. With a total median annual volume of about 1,000 MCM (million cubic meters), surface water enters the Tihama plain through seven major wadis that drain the mountainous catchments to the east. The Tihama's Quaternary section constitutes the region's only known ground water aquifer. It consists of a thick sequence of alluvial sediments. Ground water occurs under water table conditions, and is annually replenished primarily by seepage of surface runoff. Using the technique of flow net analysis, it was found that annual natural ground water discharge through the Tihama aquifer to the Red Sea amounts to about 300 MCM. A confirmation of this magnitude of discharge was possible by computing two water balances at two of the major wadis. Results of the discharge computations can be applied in the planning of future salvage of this non-beneficial loss. Given that the current system of surface and ground water irrigation in the Tihama supports an area of about 150,000 hectares, a recovery of as little as 50 percent of this loss can increase the irrigated area by an additional 15,000 hectares.

By all conventional measurements of modernization and development, from communication and education to bureaucracy and urbanization, Arab societies have been undergoing an impressive transformation. There is, however, a wide gap in the Arab Middle East between such a transformation and the political consequences of modernization. In other words, the Arab Middle East exhibits a sharp contrast between its societal and political progress. In the case of Yemen, such a gap looks different from the one that exists in the rest of the region. In addition to being a country with the weakest and most limited bureaucracy in the Arab world, Yemen has, also, the lowest level of urbanization and education in the region. According to United Nations Human Development Report for the year 2004, 73.7 % of Yemen’s population are living in rural areas, and the country has a combined gross enrolment rate for primary, secondary and tertiary schools of 43%. In 2008, Yemen was rated near the bottom of the Human Development Index (HDI) by the UNDP; as number 153rd out of the 177 countries with HDI data, and it ranked as number 82 out of 108 countries in the Human Poverty Index. The United Nations Human Development Report 2006, for instance, indicates that the percentage of Yemeni population who live below National Poverty Line is 41.8%. Yet, Yemen is more democratic than most countries in the Arab Middle East. In light of this paradox, the following central question guides this research: which contextual factors are central in explaining the unique process of political modernization in tribal Yemen?

This study analyzes the impact of the Poultry Extension and Training Subproject (PETS) on the village household in North Yemen. The subproject was funded by the U.S. Agency for International Development and implemented by Oregon State University The primary goal of this study was to determine the impact of the subproject by using a survey conducted among 130 village women. The questionnaire used in the survey was designed to determine changes in consumption and production, management practices and the effect of extension information. There were three major discoveries uncovered in the survey: (1) management practices were not significantly influenced by PETS personnel; (2) the project was not the only source of Golden Comet pullets; and (3) the use of egg-laying pullets did help increase egg production and consumption. A secondary goal of this study was to analyze the project design and a 1984 evaluation in order to understand how the project could have been more effective in its purpose. It was found that although the project designers used the USAID "logframe" and conducted a social soundness analysis prior to project implementation, too little research was conducted about subsistence poultry care and the role of rural women in agriculture. Success of the project was based on several unfounded assumptions which prevented the subproject from having a more positive impact on traditional poultry farmers. / Graduation date: 1989

This dissertation is the result of an interest in the description of al-Yaman and the Hadramawt found in medieval Arabic texts. These texts have never been translated into English to any important degree, and this research represents therefore a pioneer effort. The dissertation begins with an overview, a summary of how medieval Arabic geography began and developed through the influences of Greek, Indian, and Iranian thought to the classical period of Arabic geography and subsequently declined into an age of compilation. This is followed up by a section on the life and works of each author, how the work here translated fits into his career, and how each work relates to the knowledge and information available to that author in his contemporary learned society. The main part of the dissertation deals with the translations themselves. Selections of the important texts are presented to reveal the context of the major geographical themes described. The last major section focuses upon the major themes in the translations. The significance of what information emerges from the texts is analyzed and those elements appearing in each author's work that give it unique importance are discussed.

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The Gulf of Aden holds one of the strategic chokepoint along the important Eurasian maritime trade route. On both sides of the Gulf of Aden lie countries in need of political stability. In the south lies Somalia, one of the worlds longest failed states and hosts of pirates violently disrupting maritime trade in the region. On its northern shores lies Yemen, one of the poorest countries in the world and home to the terrorist movement Al-Qaeda in the Arabian Peninsula. This thesis aims to look deeper into what effect on piracy another failed state in the region would have and to illustrate that the thesis describes a scenario where Yemen has followed Somalia’s footsteps and developed into a failed state. Applying Lindgren and Bandhold’s method of scenario planning and through a quantitative analysis, recent trends affecting piracy development were identified. Through a scenario cross four different scenarios were developed to illustrate the effects a failed state Yemen would have on piracy leading to which new challenges the EU might be faced with in the region. The overall conclusions are that a failed state Yemen would have a negative effect on the efforts in mitigating piracy and pirates, driven by opportunity and profit, would benefit from further instability in the region. The thesis supports previous research regarding the connection between maritime piracy in the Gulf of Aden and failed states and illustrate the multifaceted challenges the EU could face as a consequence of the new development of piracy. / <p>Erasmus</p>

The submitted diploma thesis deals with failed states and tries to find out whether the Republic of Yemen can be classified as a failed state. First of all, the diploma thesis defines the term state and its functions, and then focuses on the terminology of weak statehood that has come into existence in the international politics. The thesis concentrates on the Failed States Index and analyzes its social, political and economic indicators. The theory is later applied on the case of Republic of Yemen.