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Dès 1951, le compositeur américain John Cage (1912-1992) s’engage dans la recherche de stratégies nouvelles de création. Son objectif principal consiste à éviter de laisser la subjectivité gouverner son univers artistique. L’œuvre doit être exempte de tout geste expressif, ainsi que d’éléments issus de la mémoire. Commence alors l’invention de multiples procédés impersonnels de composition permettant au hasard d’être à l’origine de la conception de l’œuvre et de jouer un rôle à différents stades de l’élaboration. Il s’ensuit une exploration artistique où le créateur se trouve confronté à l’imprévisible. À partir de 1969, la recherche de moyens non-intentionnels de création s’élargit du domaine musical au domaine plastique. Les trois parties de notre thèse portent sur le processus d’élaboration, la performance et l’exposition. Pour une part importante de la production musicale et visuelle de Cage, si le hasard intervient dans la phase d’élaboration, les œuvres engendrées restent néanmoins fixes dans leur état final. Cependant, notamment dans les années soixante, la plupart des œuvres musicales prennent une forme indéterminée, le hasard intervenant également au moment de la performance, d’où l’imprévisibilité du résultat. Enfin, cette dialectique entre un hasard fixe et une indétermination mobile est mise en œuvre à la fin de sa vie dans la conception d’installations et d’expositions. D’un point de vue théorique, il est important de comprendre si la position de Cage est alors celle d’un simple transcripteur des résultats fournis par le hasard ou si des choix tiennent néanmoins une place dans sa création. Notre recherche montre que la position de l’artiste est double. Si Cage est à l’écoute du hasard, ses préoccupations thématiques dans les domaines musical, plastique et muséologique n’en ont pas moins laissé une forte empreinte sur sa production sous forme de différents invariants. / Starting in 1951 the American composer John Cage (1912-1992) relentlessly searched for new creative strategies. His main goal was to ensure that no form of subjectivity ruled his artistic universe. A work had to be free of any and all expressive gestures, as well as traces of memory. This stipulation led to his inventing multiple impersonal procedures of composition in that chance operations both initiated the conception of a work and played a role at different stages of its elaboration. The outcome of this artistic exploration meant that the creator had to come to terms with the unpredictable. From 1969 on, Cage carried over non-intentional modes of creation from his musical production to his visual works. The three main sections of our thesis focus on their process of elaboration, musical performance, and exhibitions. If chance operations came into play in the elaborative stage of a large number of these works, the latter nonetheless remained fixed in their final state. Yet, particularly in the 1960’s, most of the composer’s musical works had an indeterminate form, given that chance intervened during the performance, leading to unforeseen results. Finally, at the end of his life Cage put into play this dialectic relationship between fixed chance and mobile indetermination in his conception of installations and exhibitions. From a theoretical point of view, it is important to understand if his role is that of a simple transcriber of chance operation results or if choice still remains operative in his production. Our research shows that the position of the artist is dual: if Cage remains open to chance, his thematic interests in the fields of music, visual arts, and museology have just as strongly left their mark on his production in the form of different invariants.

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Orientador: Silvio Ferraz Mello Filho / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Artes / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-11T01:16:18Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Ribeiro_AndreSilvaPereiradeOliveira_M.pdf: 16070395 bytes, checksum: 47f7137f0d8f2b01f2cc50541cb5b829 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007 / Resumo: O objetivo desse trabalho é apresentar a criação musical como uma convergência de elementos de natureza distinta da ordem do sonoro ¿ tais como sons, imagens, sensações, sentimentos, idéias e etc ¿, e examiná-la em seus momentos relativos a formação das idéias musicais. Para isso criamos um dispositivo conceitual próprio, intitulado ¿proximidades e distância?, a fim de revelar suas características principais. Assim, orientamos nossos esforços à criação de conceitos para tentar revelar a dinâmica dos processos criativos musicais, os quais, freqüentemente, demonstram uma presença marcante de elementos não musicais / Abstract: The purpose of this work is to present the musical creation as a convergence of elements of distinct nature of the order of the sonorous one - such as sounds, images, sensations, feelings, ideas and etc -, and to examine it at its relative moments the formation of the musical ideas. For this we create a proper conceptual device, intitled "proximities and distance", in order to disclose its main characteristics. Thus, we guide our efforts to the creation of concepts to try to disclose the dynamics of the musical creative processes, which, frequently, demonstrate a presence of not musical elements / Mestrado / Mestre em Música

Au, Sau Woon Rebecca. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2013. / Includes bibliographical references. / Electronic reproduction. Hong Kong : Chinese University of Hong Kong, [2012] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Abstract also in Chinese; includes Chinese. / Au, Sau Woon Rebecca.