Dans cette thèse la mesure du rapport des sections efficaces de production de bosons W et Z en association avec un jet au LHC est effectuée.Le rapport des sections efficaces est mesuré à l'aide des données issues de collisions proton-proton au LHC à une énergie dans le centre de masse de 7 TeV, recueillies par l'expérience ATLAS en 2010, correspondant à une luminosité intégrée d'environ 40 pb-1. L'analyse est effectuée à l’aide de bosons W et Z se désintégrant dans le canal muon.Il s'agit de la première mesure du rapport des taux de production de bosons W et Z associés à un jet réalisée à une si haute énergie dans le centre de masse, la mesure est la également la première effectuée au LHC. Cette mesure constitue un test très important des calculs théoriques perturbatifs et tire avantage des annulations partielles ou totales de diverses incertitudes expérimentales.La mesure sert aussi pour les recherches de nouveaux phénomènes de physique au LHC à contraindre les bruits de fonds ayant les mêmes signatures topologiques.La valeur du rapport de mesuré est présentée en fonction de différents seuils d’impulsion transverse de jet cumulatifs et est trouvé, a l’intérieur de la précision statistique, en bon accord avec prédictions pertubatives de QCD aux LO et NLO. / In this thesis an investigation of the ratio of the production cross section of W and Z bosons in association with one jet at LHC is performed.The cross-section ratio is measured with LHC proton-proton collision data at a center-of-mass energy of 7 TeV, collected by the ATLAS experiment in 2010, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of approximately 40 pb-1. The analysis is performed selecting W and Z bosons decaying in the muon channel.It is the first time the ratio of W and Z bosons production associated with one jet is measured at such a high center-of-mass energy, the measurement is the first one at the LHC. This measurement constitutes a very important test of perturbative theoretical calculations based on the advantage of the partial and full cancellations of various uncertainties.It also serves as constraining backgrounds with similar topological signatures in the search for new physics phenomena at the LHC. The measured ratio value is presented as a function of cumulative jet transverse momentum thresholds and found, within statistical precision, to agree well with perturbative LO and NLO QCD predictions.

Malnutrition is concerning in children because it effects proper growth and development. Handgrip Strength (HGS) has been identified as a diagnostic indicator for identifying pediatric malnutrition but normal reference ranges have not yet been established; therefore, HGS can be used to identify malnutrition but not quantify the degree of malnutrition: mild, moderate, or severe. The aim of this study was to determine if HGS differed between hospitalized and non-hospitalized children and to describe the association between HGS and several parameters including height, weight, body mass index (BMI), and mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC). One hundred nine hospitalized and 110 non-hospitalized pediatric patients ages 6-14 years participated in this cross sectional, nonequivalent control group design study. Nutrition status was evaluated using BMI z scores and MUAC z scores, and HGS was evaluated within 48 hours of hospital admission or at a well-child appointment. According to BMI z scores, 24.8% of hospitalized and 18.3% of non-hospitalized participants were malnourished. Mean HGS of hospitalized participants was not significantly different from non-hospitalized participants (p=.2053). HGS was found to be associated with age, height, dominant hand, and MUAC z scores in all participants. The difference in HGS measurements was not statistically significant between hospitalized and non-hospitalized children using a one-time HGS measurement. Further research examining HGS measurements over time as well as comparing HGS measurements to the degree of malnutrition deficit in pediatrics is needed.

Z-pinning is a through-thickness reinforcement technology for polymer composite materials that has been developed and commercialised over the past fifteen years. The through-thickness reinforcement of composites with thin metallic or fibrous pins aids in suppressing delamination, improving impact damage tolerance and increasing joint strength. Z-pins are applied to the composite part during its manufacture. Pins are embedded within sheets of foam and placed over the unconsolidated part. Subsequently, the foam is compacted and the pins transferred into the part, which is usually an uncured prepreg. In this manner, large numbers of pins can be inserted quickly and easily. The pinned composite is then cured using conventional processes. The use of z-pins is currently limited to several high performance composite structures, most notably Formula One racing cars and F/A-18 E/F (Superhornet) fighter aircraft, although the technology has potential applications in a d iverse variety of aerospace and non-aerospace composite structures. A limited understanding of the mechanical performance of z-pinned parts under high load and fatigue loading conditions currently hinders the application of z-pinned composites. The aim of this PhD project is to investigate the mechanical properties, strengthening mechanics and failure mechanisms of z-pinned carbon/epoxy laminates and joints. The effect of z-pin reinforcement on the tensile and flexural properties of laminates under monotonic and fatigue loading is studied. The sensitivity of these properties to the volume content and diameter of the z-pins is systematically studied by experimentation and analytical modelling. This PhD also evaluates the efficacy of z-pins in improving the load-bearing properties of carbon/epoxy lap joints. Improvements to the room temperature and elevated temperature properties of z-pinned lap joints under monotonic and fatigue tensile loading were determined. The effect of strain rate on the load-bearing properties of z-pinned lap joints was also evaluated. A further aim of the PhD project was to assess the z-pin manufacturing process and the microstructural damage caused by that process. The outcome of this study augments the analysis of the me chanical properties of z-pinned laminates and joints.

No description available.

No description available.

No description available.

Dans ce mémoire, nous tenterons de démontrer comment le roman House of Leaves de Mark Z. Danielewski se présente littéralement comme un labyrinthe dans lequel se perdent ses lecteurs et qui s'étend constamment à travers les lectures qu'on peut en faire. House of Leaves met en scène plusieurs narrateurs qui se superposent, les uns commentant les autres. Ces différents niveaux de narration s'interpénètrent, transgressant ainsi leur hiérarchie ontologique. Nous montrerons, en nous appuyant sur les théories de la lecture de Bertrand Gervais, comment cette transgression se fait par le biais d'une forme d'interprétation partageant les caractéristiques de la lecture littéraire. La figure du labyrinthe représente le mieux cette forme d'interprétation et elle est inscrite à même le texte dans les traces de ce qui fonde le travail de lecture d'un des personnages. Pour chaque palier d'interprétation, cette figure représente à la fois, en suivant la métaphore de la lecture littéraire, le texte lu, la lecture elle-même et le discours qui en résulte. Les traits de la figure sont reconnaissables dans chacun des principaux actes d'interprétation et les personnages-interprètes se comportent en accord avec la mise en récit du mythe du labyrinthe. Le texte, par la complexité propre à sa nature labyrinthique, suscite constamment une interprétation chez ses lecteurs. De cette façon, il happe ceux-ci qui, dans une logique d'invagination, viennent à le contenir en eux pour ensuite lui donner une matérialité sous la forme d'un discours pouvant être supporté par toutes sortes de médias. Le labyrinthe se répand sous la forme de ce texte contenu dans le roman de Danielewski, mais menaçant constamment de sortir de ses limites. House of Leaves se veut une œuvre totale utilisant le plus possible toutes les pratiques signifiantes que l'on trouve dans un livre pour perdre le lecteur tout en s'étendant dans d'autres discours, dans d'autres médias. ______________________________________________________________________________ MOTS-CLÉS DE L’AUTEUR : House of Leaves, Mark Danielewski, labyrinthe, lecture, interprétation, figure.

This thesis will analyze the Z-wing configuration. The Z-wing configuration is basically an airplane that has one of the wings placed at the forward section of the fuselage and the other wing placed on the other side far aft at the fuselage. This configuration creates a lot of different and unwanted forces and moments due to a differential in lift and drag between both the wings and the main objective with this thesis is to get a Z-wing to fly straight and level flight without these strange and unwanted forces and moments over it. Therefore the contribution of the wings different parameters to different moments and forces have been mapped out. Parameters such as the angle of incidence, wing span, dihedral, placement of wings etc. All the calculations done regarding the aerodynamic forces on the Z-wing have been performed in the Tornado, which is a program that runs in MATLAB and uses Vortex Lattice Method for its calculations. The outcome was that a steady level flight was possible. The configuration does have a lot of disadvantages. It will be very difficult to control in pitch, yaw and roll, although a backwards sweep of the front wing and a backwards sweep of the aft wing made roll control much better.

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The Mud Bay, British Columbia study site is located on eastern shores of Mud Bay, south of the Serpentine River, west of the King George & 99 highways, and north of the Nicomekl River in the Vancouver suburb of Surrey. The site consists of approximately 400 hectares of land. The site is bordered by a growing community on Panama Ridge to the north and Crescent Beach to the south who are exploring the study area. The site is also a rich biologically productive area that lies on the Pacific Flyway route for migratory birds. With the increasing population and the rich ecological significance of the site, it seems natural to explore the possibilities for a greenway on the site. This is further proven when looking at a map. One notices that Mud Bay sits as a greenway gap in Boundary Bay. To the east is the Boundary Bay Park Network, and to the south is Crescent Beach. If Mud Bay were to become a greenway, then one could potentially follow the Boundary Bay shore and walk from Blaine to Point Roberts USA and would form part of a border to border trail. Currently, when one reaches Mud Bay, one must leave the shore and travel far inland to regain the waterside trail. A Mud Bay greenway would fill in the gap for a greenway corridor along Boundary Bay. A Mud Bay greenway would also fill in the gap that the Serpentine Fen Nature Reserve has with Mud Bay. Currently, the Serpentine Fen Nature Reserve is separated from the Bay. With the creation of a Mud Bay greenway that is designed for the sensitive habitat, Serpentine Fen would be better connected with the bay and it would help maintain the site as important feeding and resting ground along the Pacific Flyway. These are the issues and factors that were considered in the project. The project developed a greenway that is sensitive to wildlife while allowing for recreation to take place within it. The greenway design is structured so that it can be implemented over a period of time to form the final design.