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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
21

Self-masked epitaxial lateral overgrowth of ZnO

Chen, Zheng-huan 30 July 2009 (has links)
none
22

The fabrication of piezoelectric transducers by depositing ZnO films on PET substrates

Wu, Bing-Rung 04 August 2009 (has links)
In this thesis, piezoelectric transducers were fabricated by depositing ZnO films on PET substrates. The optimal deposition parameters for ZnO films are sputtering pressure of 15 mTorr, RF power of 75 W and oxygen concentration of 60 %, which are determined by scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction analysis. PET substrates of Young¡¦s modulus of 6.62 GPa are obtained by Nano Indenter. To fabricate a transducer with resonance frequency of 100 Hz, the cantilever length of 0.979 cm and vibration area of 1.4835 cm2 are calculated by Cantilever Vibration Theory. Copper layer was attached to ZnO/ITO/PET structure to form piezoelectric transducers. A mass of 0.57 g was attached to the transducer to increase the vibration amplitude. A vibration source of 100 Hz was provided to the piezoelectric transducer and then the experimental results were obtained by oscilloscope. The optimal thickness of ZnO films is 964.65 nm, at which the open circuit voltage is 1.87 V. A bridge rectifier was constructed by Shottky diode with product number 1N5711 along with a capacitor of 37 nF. After rectifying and filtering of device output, the maximum power of 0.0697£gW/cm2 was generated with the load resistance of 5 M£[ and the internal resistance of 4.3185 M£[.
23

Characterization of P- and N-type Zinc Oxide Films Prepared by RF Sputtering

Tseng, Ching-Fan 05 August 2009 (has links)
In this study, the reactive rf magnetron sputtering was used to deposit P- and N-type zinc oxide (ZnO) thin films, Zinc oxide (ZnO) has higher exiton bindingenergy (60 meV) and high band gap (~3.4 eV) that can provide efficient ultraviolet (UV) light at room temperature (RT). Intrinsic ZnO is thought to be N-type primarily because of donor defects such as zinc interstitials (Zni) and oxygen vacancies (VO). we want to prepared N-doped ZnO (ZnO:N) films, we used two method : Deposition Zn3N2 films by dc sputtering of Zn target in proportional Ar and N2 mixture. After deposition, it were thermally oxidized at difference temperatures to prepared N-doped ZnO (ZnO:N) films. And to make use of rf sputtering that ZnO target in proportional Ar and N2 mixture, to prepared N-doped ZnO (ZnO:N) films. The physical characteristics of ZnO thin films with different parameter were obtained by the analyses of field emission scanning electron microscopic (FE-SEM) and XRD. The electron spectroscopy for chemical analysis (ESCA) was used to analyze the chemical states of ZnO thin films. In optical properties, the photoluminescence spectrometer was used to measure the photoluminescence characteristics (PL).
24

Stability of zinc oxide varistors

Poosimma, Poonsuk January 2014 (has links)
Ceramic varistors based on ZnO, Bi2O3, Sb2O3, MnO and Co3O4 were prepared by the mixed oxide route. After milling the powders, disc shaped samples were pressed and sintered for 2 hours at temperatures in the range 950°C to 1250°C. Products were characterised in terms of phase development and microstructure by X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy; electrical characterisation included current-voltage (I-V), capacitance-voltage (C-V) and degradation behaviour. Most varistors contained a three phase microstructure comprising ZnO grains (3–54 μm in size), a Bi-rich grain boundary phase and a spinel phase. Product densities were approximately 5.45 g cm-3, and nonlinear coefficients were typically in the range 5 to 53. By selective removal of either Sb2O3, or MnO or Co3O4, the role of individual components was investigated. The absence of Sb2O3 encouraged grain growth (to 40 μm) but reduced nonlinearity (to 5) and degraded the stability. The absence of Co3O4 improved the stability whilst the absence of MnO reduced the nonlinear coefficient and leakage current. The use of attrition milling yielded powders of small particle size (0.3 μm). The resulting sintered varistors exhibited a slightly smaller grain size (~ 5 μm) lower nonlinear coefficients (~ 30) but higher breakdown fields and leakage currents. Samples sintered at high temperatures (1050°C to 1250°C) degraded under electrical stress more slowly than the samples sintered at low temperature (950°C). Al-doping enhanced the nonlinearity but reduced the stability. In contrast Ag-doping reduced the nonlinearity but improved the ageing behaviour. An appropriate combination of Al and Ag doping led to varistor improvements in both nonlinearity and stability. The optimum aluminium nitrate and silver oxide levels for the varistor composition studied were found to be 500 ppm and 250 ppm, respectively. C-V measurements on this material gave barrier heights of ~ 1.7 V, and donor densities of 1.3x10^18 cm-3. One batch of samples was prepared Ga2O3 additions of 750 – 4000 ppm. Doping with Ga caused a significantly decrease in grain size to ~ 6 μm), and reduced the nonlinear coefficients (to ~25) but increased the stability in terms of breakdown fields and leakage currents.
25

Micro-supercondensateurs 3D tout solide à électrodes hiérarchiques fabriqués à l'échelle du wafer / Towards solid state micro-supercapacitors based on 3D hiererachical electrodes

Bounor, Botayna 23 October 2019 (has links)
Notre étude porte sur la fabrication des micro-supercondensateurs à base d'électrodes hiérarchiques à large surface spécifique. Ces électrodes hiérarchiques combinent des approches top down et bottom up afin de développer des surfaces spécifiques importantes en cumulant les gains des microstructures 3D (top down - gravure) et des nanofils (bottom up - croissance). Des microstructures 3D usinées dans un substrat de silicium (microtubes / micropiliers / micromurs) constituent le socle de base de ces électrodes hiérarchiques. Deux volets ont été donc explorés pour décorer ces microstructures 3D par des nanofils. La première voie est basée sur la synthèse hydrothermale des nanofils de ZnO à partir d'une couche de germination nanométrique déposée par ALD sur ces microstructures 3D. La seconde voie explorée s'articule autour d'un procédé de recuit rapide (< 10 min) à haute température (1000 °C) d'un empilement SiO2/Pt. Ce recuit rapide permettait la formation des nanofils de silice (SiO2). Les matériaux pseudocapacitifs ont été ensuite déposés par voie électrolytique sur ces électrodes hiérarchiques. Le procédé d'élaboration de ces électrodes était couplé à celui de fabrication des MSCs complets afin d'obtenir des densités d'énergie surfaciques encore jamais atteintes à ce jour (>100 µWh/cm2) en maintenant les performances en densité de puissance raisonnables (> 10 mW/cm2) par l'utilisation des couches minces (-200 nm). Cette thèse a été réalisée dans 3 laboratoires du RS2E : l'IMN, l'ICGM et l'IEMN. / Our study focuses on the fabrication of micro-supercapacitors based on hierarchical electrodes with a large surface area. These electrodes combine top down and bottom up approaches in order to develop important specific area by combining the surface gain of the 3D microstructures (top down / etching) and the nanowires (bottom up / growth). 3D microstructures etched within silicon substrate (microtubes / micropiliers / micromurs) forme the base of these hierarchical electrodes. Two aspects was explored to decorate 3D microstructures with nanowires. The first route is based on the hydrothermal synthesis of ZnO nanowires from a nanometric seed layer deposited by ALD on these 3D microstructures. The second explored route is based on a fast annealing process (<10 min) at high temperature (1000 ° C) of a SiO2 / Pt stack. This rapid annealing allowed therefore the formation of silica nanowires. The pseudocapacitive materials was then deposited electrolytically on these hierarchical electrodes. The method of elaboration of these electrodes was coupled with that of manufacturing complete MSCs in order to obtain high surface energy densities never before reached (> 100 uWh / cm2) while maintaining reasonable power density performances. (> 10 mW / cm2) by the use of thin films (~ 200 nm). This thesis was conducted between 3 laboratories of the RS2E: IMN, ICGM and IEMN.
26

Role of Ionicity in Correcting the Band Gap of Zinc Oxide using DFT+U

Bashyal, Keshab 02 August 2017 (has links)
No description available.
27

Fabrication et caractérisation des microcavités à base de ZnO en régime de couplage fort : laser à polaritons / Fabrication and characterization of ZnO-based microcavities working in the strong coupling regime : polariton laser

Li, Feng 29 November 2013 (has links)
Les polaritons de cavité sont des quasi-particules, partiellement matière-t partiellement lumière, crées lors du couplage fort d'un exciton et d’un photon de cavité. A une certaine température et densité de particules, les polaritons de cavité peuvent subir une transition de phase de type quasi-Bose-Einstein et condenser dans l'état de plus basse énergie du système; dans ces conditions, la cavité émet de la lumière cohérente et le dispositif associé est appelé laser à polaritons. ZnO est l'un des matériaux les plus adaptés pour la fabrication des lasers à polaritons fonctionnant à température ambiante, en raison de ses excellentes propriétés excitoniques. Cependant, des difficultés techniques ont empêché la réalisation de microcavités à base de ZnO pendant longtemps. Dans cette thèse nous présentons la fabrication de microcavités à base de ZnO par deux approches différentes, ce qui a permis de surmonter les difficultés technologiques existantes et ont permis d'obtenir des figures de mérite avec des valeurs records (pour le facteur de qualité ainsi que pour l’éclatement de de Rabi). Des lasers à polaritons fonctionnant à température ambiante ont été démontré dans les deux cas. Dans la microcavité entièrement hybride, des condensats de polaritons ont été étudiés dans une gamme de désaccord exciton-photon sans précédents, et de basse température à température ambiante; ceci a permis d'obtenir, pour la première fois, un diagramme de phases complet. Cette thèse ouvre la voie à une polaritonique appliquée fonctionnant à température ambiante. / Cavity polaritons are quasi-particles, partially light partially matter, resulting from the strong-coupling of an exciton and a cavity photon. At a certain temperature and particle density, cavity polaritons can go through a quasi-Bose-Einstein phase transition and condense at the lowest energy state of the system; in this situation the cavity emits coherent light and the associated device is termed polariton laser. ZnO is one of the most adapted materials for fabricating room temperature polariton lasers, due to its excellent excitonic properties. However, technical difficulties have been preventing the achievement of ideal ZnO microcavities for a long time. In this thesis we report the fabrication of high quality ZnO microcavities with two different approaches, which overcome the existing technical challenges and allow to achieve a record cavity quality factor and large Rabi splittings. Room temperature polariton lasing has been demonstrated in both cases. In a fully-hybrid ZnO microcavity, polariton condensates were studied within an unprecedented range of exciton-photon detunings, and from low to room temperature. This tunability has enabled to obtain, for the first time, a complete condensation phase diagram for ZnO-based microcavities, wherein the exciton fraction of the polaritons has been tuned between 17% to 96%, corresponding to a modification of the exciton-polariton mass, its lifetime and its interaction constant by 1 order of magnitude. This thesis paves the way for implementing a polariton-based technology operating at room-temperature.
28

Nanoparticules hybrides oxydes métalliques/polymères : synthèse et caractérisation / Metal oxide/Polymer nano-hybrid particles : synthesis and characterization

Ngo, Van Giang 12 December 2011 (has links)
L’objectif de cette étude consiste à synthétiser et caractériser de nouveaux matériaux hybrides organique/inorganique obtenus par greffage de poly(méthacrylate)s d’alkyle sur des nanoparticules de dioxyde de titane (TiO2) et d'oxyde de zinc (ZnO). Afin de mieux comprendre les facteurs influents les réactions mises en jeu lors d'un greffage à partir de la surface d'un oxyde métallique, nous avons choisi de travailler avec des nanoparticules disponibles commercialement et/ou élaborées. Des nanoparticules d’oxyde de zinc, de dimensions allant de 5 à 100 nm, ont été synthétisées par la méthode de précipitation, à température ambiante. La diffractométrie de rayons X (DRX) et la microscopique électronique à transmission (MET) ont permis de déterminer la structure cristalline, les dimensions et la morphologie des particules ainsi préparées. Les conditions de synthèse ont été optimisées afin d'augmenter la surface spécifique des particules tout en favorisant la présence de groupes hydroxyles en surface. La méthode de greffage de polymères méthacryliques a consisté à modifier préalablement la surface des nanoparticules par un agent de couplage réactif de type 3-méthacryloxypropyltriméthoxysilane (MPS). Les nanoparticules ainsi modifiées ont été caractérisées par spectroscopie (IRTF et RMN CP-MAS 13C et 29Si) et par analyse thermogravimétrique afin de confirmer la présence et la quantité de MPS greffé. Cet alcoxysilane, porteur d'une fonction méthacrylate, a permis de greffer des chaînes de poly(méthacrylate de méthyle), de poly(méthacrylate de tert-butyldiméthylsilyle) à partir de la surface des nanoparticules. La polymérisation radicalaire contrôlée par addition-fragmentation réversible (procédé RAFT) a été sélectionnée pour obtenir un contrôle des masses molaires, de faibles indices de polymolécularité et le greffage de copolymères diblocs. L'observation de ces nanoparticules hydrides en microscopie électronique à transmission montre clairement la présence d'une couronne de polymères à la surface des particules. L'étude de la stabilité thermique des nouvelles nanoparticules hybrides à base de ZnO a été réalisée par analyse thermogravimétrique sous atmosphère inerte. L'impact du procédé de polymérisation sur les mécanismes de dégradation thermique des polymères méthacryliques étudiés a été mis en évidence. Pour la première fois, des valeurs d'énergie d'activation ont été calculées sous atmosphère inerte et oxydante. / The objective of this study is to synthesize and characterize new organic/inorganic hybrid materials obtained by grafting methacrylic polymer through the surface of metal oxide nanoparticles. Commercially available titanium dioxide (TiO2) and zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles were used as raw materials. For a better understanding of parameters which influence the grafting efficiency of polymers, ZnO nanoparticles were synthesized using the precipitation method. The synthetic pathway was optimized to obtain nanoparticles with high surface area and surface hydroxylation. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were used to determine the crystal structure, the size and morphology of nanoparticles. A polymerizable silane coupling agent, i.e. 3-(trimethoxysilyl)propylmethacrylate (MPS) was used to modify the surface of nanoparticules to obtain hydrophobic surface containing a polymerizable function. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), solid-state (13C and 29Si) Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopic investigations demonstrated that the silane coupling agent was fully hydrolyzed and linked to the hydroxyl groups already present on the particle surface through covalent and hydrogen bonds. Thermogravimetric data were helpful to quantify the amount of MPS linked to the nanoparticles surface. New poly(methacrylic ester)/ZnO and TiO2 nano-hybrid particles were prepared by in situ RAFT polymerization were prepared using the "grafting through" method. (Meth)acrylic homopolymers and diblock copolymers containing unconventional trialkylsilyl methacrylate (MASi) and methyl methacrylate (MMA) monomer units were grafted through the surface of nanosized particles modified by MPS. Results from FTIR and TGA analyses demonstrated that polymer chains were anchored on the nanoparticles surface. The thermal and thermo-oxidative degradation of methacrylic polymers and hybrid nanoparticles were also investigated by TGA. The effect of the RAFT polymerization on the thermal degradation of polymers was demonstrated. In addition, their apparent activation energy of degradation (Ea) was determined for the first time.
29

The characteristic of ZnO thin film heterjunction deposited by RF sputtering

Liu, Cheng-Yu 14 July 2011 (has links)
The electro-optical properties of the ZnO thin film are affected by the deposition parameters. In this study, we find the optimum growth parameters to grow high quality ZnO film. We change the RF power to adjust the surface roughness. The higher RF power will result in a higher deposition rate and rough surface roughness. We obtained an optimum surface roughness of 1.811nm at 50W RF power. The ZnO films have more than 80% transmittance in visible range, and obvious absorption in UV range. A significant peak in the wavelength of 385nm is observed in PL measurement. For the electric characteristics, the resistivity of as-grown ZnO films is high and decreases with post annealing treatment. We have obtained a minimum resistivity of 2.764¡Ñ10-2(£[-cm) at 700oC annealing treatment. Under the fixed 50RF power and 5sccm Ar flux, the optical characteristics and the crystal qualities are worse in the lower pressure (below 5mTorr). The ZnO films have lowest resistivity of 1.826¡Ñ10-2(£[-cm) in the 15mTorr and, strongest PL intensities in 25mTorr after 700oC annealing treatment. After the optimum growth condition, we enhance the optical characteristics through the surface Plasmon effect of the metal nanoparticles. The nano gold particles in the diameter of 50nm and 200-250nm can be obtained under the 5nm and 10nm Au film deposition and annealing at 700oC, respectively. For the optical characteristics, the PL intensity and optical transmittance are enhanced dependent on the size and position of the gold nanoparticles. For the electric characteristics, the n-ZnO/p-Si shows a good rectification effect. The mechanisms of current conduction are space charge current limit, and tunnel current. Sample with 50nm diameter has a significant space charge current limit mechanism. In the C-V measurement, we observed the hysteresis curve in the sample with gold nanoparticles. The sample with larger gold particles have larger memory window of ¡µVFB=0.23.
30

ZnO-based metal-semiconductor field-effect transistors / ZnO-basierte Metall-Halbleiter Feldeffekttransistoren

Frenzel, Heiko 03 November 2010 (has links) (PDF)
Die vorliegende Arbeit befasst sich mit der Entwicklung, Herstellung und Untersuchung von ZnO-basierten Feldeffekttransistoren (FET). Dabei werden im ersten Teil Eigenschaften von ein- und mehrschichtigen Isolatoren mit hohen Dielektrizitätskonstanten betrachtet, die mittels gepulster Laserabscheidung (PLD) dargestellt wurden. Die elektrischen und kapazitiven Eigenschaften dieser Isolatoren innerhalb von Metall-Isolator-Metall (MIM) bzw. Metall-Isolator-Halbleiter (MIS) Übergängen wurden untersucht. Letzterer wurde schließlich als Gate-Struktur in Metall-Isolator-Halbleiter-FET (MISFET) mit unten (backgate) bzw. oben liegendem Gate (topgate) genutzt. Der zweite Teil konzentriert sich auf Metal-Halbleiter-FET (MESFET), die einen Schottky-Kontakt alsGate nutzen. Dieser wurde mittels reaktiver Kathodenzerstäubung (Sputtern) von Ag, Pt, Pd oder Au unter Einflußvon Sauerstoff hergestellt. ZnO-MESFET stellen eine vielversprechende Alternative zu den bisher in der Oxid-basierten Elektronik verwendeten MISFET dar. Durch die Variation des verwendeten Gate-Metalls, Dotierung, Dicke und Struktur des Kanals und Kontakstruktur, wurde ein Herstellungsstandard gefunden, der zu weiteren Untersuchungen herangezogen wurde. So wurde die Degradation der MESFET unter Belastung durch dauerhaft angelegte Spannung, Einfluss von Licht und erhöhten Temperaturen sowie lange Lagerung getestet. Weiterhin wurden ZnO-MESFET auf industriell genutztem Glasssubstrat hergestellt und untersucht, um die Möglichkeit einer großflächigen Anwendung in Anzeigeelementen aufzuzeigen. Einfache integrierte Schaltungen, wie Inverter und ein NOR-Gatter, wurden realisiert. Dazu wurden Inverter mit sogenannten Pegelschiebern verwendet, welche die Ausgangsspannung des Inverters so verschieben, dass eine logische Aneinanderreihungvon Invertern möglich wird. Schließlich wurden volltransparente MESFET und Inverter, basierend auf neuartigen transparenten gleichrichtenden Kontakten demonstriert.

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