This diploma thesis deals with a production proces of komponent from hydraulic cylinder, called wreath. The first part is focused on the desciption of the current production proces, with their positive and negative side. In the second part is made a proposal of production proces. At the end je made an economy and technical analysis

Bc. Marek Budiš Comparison of X-ray microtomography possibilities of application in metrology with conventional approaches Master thesis, Institute of production machines, systems and robotics, BUT FME Brno This master thesis is focused on the analysis of metrological possibilities of using computer X-ray microtomography methods in the industry. The work contains a description of the methods, equipment and measurement. Listed are the main advantages of using X-ray tomography in metrology in comparison with coordinate measuring machine. The work deals with the measurement accuracy of microtomography machine GE V|tome|x L 240, analyzing sources of instrument uncertainty and its quantification. The work was also devised a practical table for the calculation of uncertainty of measurement. The practical part was also measuring on real samples of the industry.

abstract: Children with cleft palate with or without cleft lip (CP+/-L) often demonstrate disordered speech. Clinicians and researchers have a goal for children with CP+/-L to demonstrate typical speech when entering kindergarten; however, this benchmark is not routinely met. There is a large body of previous research examining speech articulation skills in this clinical population; however, there are continued questions regarding the severity of articulation deficits in children with CP+/-L, especially for the age range of children entering school. This dissertation aimed to provide additional information on speech accuracy and speech error usage in children with CP+/-L between the ages of four and seven years. Additionally, it explored individual and treatment characteristics that may influence articulation skills. Finally, it examined the relationship between speech accuracy during a sentence repetition task versus during a single-word naming task. Children with CP+/-L presented with speech accuracy that differed according to manner of production. Speech accuracy for fricative phonemes was influenced by severity of hypernasality, although age and status of secondary surgery did not influence speech accuracy for fricatives. For place of articulation, children with CP+/-L demonstrated strongest accuracy of production for bilabial and velar phonemes, while alveolar and palatal phonemes were produced with lower accuracy. Children with clefting that involved the lip and alveolus demonstrated reduced speech accuracy for alveolar phonemes compared to children with clefts involving the hard and soft palate only. Participants used a variety of speech error types, with developmental/phonological errors, anterior oral cleft speech characteristics, and compensatory errors occurring most frequently across the sample. Several factors impacted the type of speech errors used, including cleft type, severity of hypernasality, and age. The results from this dissertation project support previous research findings and provide additional information regarding the severity of speech articulation deficits according to manner and place of consonant production and according to different speech error categories. This study adds information on individual and treatment characteristics that influenced speech accuracy and speech error usage. / Dissertation/Thesis / Doctoral Dissertation Speech and Hearing Science 2020

This work deals with the possibilities of assessments of mental maps using GIS tools. The main goal is to create a collection of methods to evaluate positioning and relative accuracy of mental maps. The method principles are based on methods of GIS. The emphasis is on maximum versatility and automation the assessment procedure. For all proposed methods there are further discussed the advantages and disadvantages. First part of this work deals with the theme of mental maps, followed by a brief introduction to GIS and their use in the field mental maps. The main part is devoted to the description and practical examples of evaluation methods. At the conclusion there is a discussion of the proposed methods and the appropriateness of use GIS at this issue in general. This work was created under the project No. 26609 called "Mental Maps: Object and Device for Assessment" supported by the Grant Agency of Charles University.

Quality inspection is an indispensable part of the production process of screws for hardware manufactories. In general, hardware manufactories do the quality test of screws by using an electric screwdriver to twist screws. However, there are some limitations and shortcomings in the manual inspection. Firstly, the efficiency of manual inspection is low. Second, manual inspection is difficult to achieve continuous working for 24 hours, which will make a high wage cost. In this thesis, in order to enhance the inspection efficiency and save test costs, we propose to use the image recognition technology of memristor neural networks to check the quality of screws. Here, we discuss different training models of neural networks, namely: convolutional neural networks, one-layer memristor neural network with fixed learning rates. By using the dataset of 8,202 screw head images, experimental results show that the classification accuracy of CNNs and memristor neural networks can achieve 96% and 90%, respectively, which prove the effectiveness of the proposed method.

This is a preliminary study investigating the effects of emotion on a confrontational naming task in people with aphasia (PWA). Previous research investigating the effects of emotion on various language tasks in PWA has produced mixed findings with some suggesting a facilitative effect and others an inhibitory effect. Participants included 9 adults with aphasia as the result of a stroke, resulting in the presence of word-finding deficits (i.e., anomia). Participants named images in positive, negative, and neutral conditions. Responses were scored as either correct or incorrect; incorrect responses were coded further to illustrate individual error patterns. The majority of participants demonstrated a decrease in naming accuracy in the negative condition compared to the preceding and subsequent neutral conditions. The results of this study suggest that negative emotional arousal may cause PWA to devote attentional resources to emotional regulation and away from the linguistic task, thus interfering with language performance. Further research is needed to support these preliminary findings.

The thesis seeks to improve the accuracy of indoor wireless local area network (WLAN) location detection. The main task of the project is the design and analysis of a solution, which utilizes the packets which are already emitted by WLAN devices. The system consists of a signal receiver and signal processing. The positioning system does not transmit, thus the detection is completely passive. The result of measurements on received frames is used to calculate the WLAN transmitter's position. It does not require any transmissions, thus the detection is completely passive. The result of the measurements can be used to calculate the WLAN transmitter’s position. Location systems are more and more viewed as a necessary element of a WLAN system. Positioning accuracy is the most important issue in location system, especial in the indoor WLAN location detection. Indoor location systems are affected by indoor environment both due to multi-path and man-made effects. To resist these problems, we introduce a way to detect the arrival of the first instance of the signal by detecting the signal header. In our experiment, we timestamp the arrival of an IEEE 802.11b header. In our prototype the logic necessary to do this is implemented in an FPGA, specifically that of the Ettus Research USRP. The additional logic is quite small and might easily be added to the receiver in an access point, thus reducing the deployment cost of a location system in a real network. The proposed solution was experimentally verified. From our experiments, the detection works without requiring any changes to the hardware or software of the mobile device. By exploiting existing IEEE 802.11b transmissions the cost and difficulty of deployment is simplified due to the wide usage of IEEE 802.11b in mobile devices. Additionally, the preamble has good correlation properties making it is easy to detect the arrival of a IEEE 802.11frame. Our implementation is based upon open source hardware and software making it possible to implement this solution. A relatively low cost FPGA can be used as the correlation and timestamp circuit is rather simple (in terms of numbers of gates), making this solution feasible for commercial implementation. The method, implementation, testing, and analysis are presented in detail in the thesis. / Avhandlingen syftar till att förbättra noggrannheten i inomhus trådlösa lokala nätverk (WLAN) placering upptäckt. Huvuduppgiften för projektet är design och analys av en lösning som utnyttjar paketen som redan avges av WLAN-enheter. Systemet består av en signal mottagare och signalbehandling. Det kräver inga transmissioner, alltså upptäckt är helt passiv. Resultatet av mätningarna kan användas för att beräkna WLAN-sändarens läge. Målet är att förbättra noggrannheten i inomhus plats uppskattning. Läge system alltmer ses som en nödvändig del av WLAN system. Positioneringsnoggrannheten ses som den viktigaste frågan i läge system, speciellt för inomhusbruk WLAN baserade location. Läge system påverkas mer av inomhusmiljöer än utemiljön, eftersom det finns mer multi-path fading och konstgjorda effekter. Att minska dessa problem, vi införa ett sätt att känna av signalen ankomst genom att förbättra upptäckten av ankomsten av IEEE 802.11-huvudet. Detta kan bidra till att besegra multipath effekt och enkla metoden skulle kunna minska kostnaderna för placering i framtiden kopplingspunkter. Den föreslagna lösningen har verifierats experimentellt. Från vårt experiment fungerar upptäckt utan att kräva några ändringar i hårdvara eller mjukvara för den mobila enheten. Genom att utnyttja befintliga IEEE 802.11b sändningar kostnaden och svårigheten att utbyggnaden är förenklad på grund av den breda användningen av IEEE 802.11b i mobila enheter. Dessutom "preamble" har god korrelation egenskaper som gör det lätt att upptäcka ankomsten av en IEEE 802.11-ramen. Vår genomfört bygger på öppen källkod maskin-och programvara som gör det möjligt att genomföra denna lösning. En relativt låg kostnad FPGA kan användas som korrelation och tidstämpel kretsen är ganska enkel (i termer av antalet logikelement), vilket gör denna lösning vara möjlig för kommersiell tillämpning. Metoden, implementation, testning och analys presenteras i detalj i avhandlingen.

Middle childhood is a dynamic period in children’s lives marked by a host of dramatic and concomitant physical, cognitive, and social changes. Typically, during this time, fundamental motor skills improve and children develop sport-specific forms of those skills as they participate in active physical recreation. This participation occurs in expanding social worlds, and changes in children’s cognitive development heightens their ability to reflect on their successes and failures in those contexts. This dissertation examined some of these concomitant changes and interactions longitudinally in three related studies among approximately 450 children from grade 2 to grade 5. In Study 1, “Perceptions matter! Accuracy of perceived physical competence in middle childhood and the impact on active physical recreation participation,” I found that children’s self-perceptions of their physical abilities became more accurate by grade 3, and that children with both positive perceptions and high motor skills participated in the most active physical recreation. Contrastingly, children with less positive self-perceptions, whether they had relatively high or low motor skills, participated in less active physical recreation. The expanding social worlds of children were explored in Study 2, “Social contexts and participation in recreational activities across middle childhood.” Supporting what had been theorized for children, I found significant expansion in with whom and where children participated across the grades, including a significant increase in children’s participation by themselves and with friends, and a concomitant decrease in activities with their family. Overall, however, children still spent the largest proportion of their recreational time with their family in each grade. Lastly, in Study 3, “Latent profile analysis of children’s active physical recreation patterns in middle childhood,” I identified unique profiles of children from grade 2 to grade 5 based on combinations of motor skills, perceptions of physical competence, social contexts, and active physical recreation. Two consistent profiles of children persisted across the grades: one of children on a path toward active physical recreation engagement, and one seemingly at risk of disengagement. Ultimately, however, I discovered that with each subsequent grade came increasing diversity in children’s profiles, highlighting the need for tailored programs that can accommodate children’s individual differences. The findings from these three studies confirm that middle childhood is a dynamic time where children experience a multitude of changes. Overall, I found that children are developing cognitively as evidenced by improvements in accuracy, and socially, as evidenced by expanding social networks. Physically, in terms of motor skill development, children were not optimally developing, which is concerning. Three concrete recommendations arising from this work relate to (a) children who underestimate their abilities; (b) the early engagement of many children in organized sports; and (c) how perceptions of physical competence are used in physical activity research during middle childhood. Approximately one-quarter of children underestimated their physical abilities, and of great concern was their lack of motor skill improvement from grade 2 to grade 5. Along with opportunities to develop their motor proficiency, children who underestimate their abilities, need instructors in active recreation contexts to point out, affirm, and confirm their actual abilities. The second recommendation relates to the early participation of a majority of children in organized sports in the community. As such, children were participating in formal physical activities, such as team sports, during a turbulent time in the development of their self-appraisals. Leaders and family members need to ensure that the expectations they convey to children are realistic. Further, children will benefit from activities and learning opportunities that are meaningful and provide choices that are suited to their current skill and confidence levels. Finally, when examining children’s physical self-perceptions during middle childhood, researchers should consider the expected developmental trajectory of the accuracy of those self-perceptions. A drop in perceptions of physical competence levels among children with inflated self-perceptions at the beginning of middle childhood is expected as these perceptions become more accurate. Overlooking this expected developmental trajectory may confound research findings, particularly if self-perceptions are an outcome measure. / Graduate

Background: Malaria is a major world health issue and its continued burden is due, in part, to difficulties in the diagnosis of the illness. The World Health Organization recommends confirmatory testing using microscopy-based techniques or rapid diagnostic tests (RDT) for all cases of suspected malaria. In regions where Plasmodium species are indigenous, there are multiple etiologies of fever leading to misdiagnoses, especially in populations where HIV is prevalent and children. To determine the frequency of malaria infection in febrile patients over an 8-month period at the Regional Hospital in Bamenda, Cameroon, we evaluated the clinical efficacy of the Flourescence and Staining Technology (FAST) Malaria stain and ParaLens AdvanceTM microscopy system (FM) and compared it with conventional bright field microscopy and Giemsa stain (GS). Methods: Peripheral blood samples from 522 patients with a clinical diagnosis of "suspected malaria" were evaluated using GS and FM methods. A nested PCR assay was the gold standard to compare the two methods. PCR positivity, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) were determined. Results: Four hundred ninety nine samples were included in the final analysis. Of these, 30 were positive via PCR (6.01%) with a mean PPV of 19.62% and 27.99% for GS and FM, respectively. The mean NPV was 95.01% and 95.28% for GS and FM, respectively. Sensitivity was 26.67% in both groups and specificity was 92.78% and 96.21% for GS and FM, respectively. An increased level of diagnostic discrepancy was observed between technicians based upon skill level using GS, which was not seen with FM. Conclusions: The frequency of malarial infections confirmed via PCR among patients presenting with fever and other symptoms of malaria was dramatically lower than that anticipated based upon physicians' clinical suspicions. A correlation between technician skill and accuracy of malaria diagnosis using GS was observed that was less pronounced using FM. Additionally, FM increased the specificity and improved the PPV, suggesting this relatively low cost approach could be useful in resource-limited environments. Anecdotally, physicians were reluctant to not treat all patients symptomatically before results were known and in spite of a negative microscopic diagnosis, highlighting the need for further physician education to avoid this practice of overtreatment. A larger study in an area with a known high prevalence is being planned to compare the two microscopy methods against available RDTs.

Dynamic written corrective feedback is a strategy that raises student awareness of the patterned errors they make in their writing. Teacher feedback provides the location and type of error made in the form of error codes. Multiple studies have shown it to significantly improve the grammatical accuracy of student writing. This research examines the effects of the frequency of teacher feedback, on student written accuracy, fluency, and complexity whether daily or every-other-day. The total number of minutes students write for is also questioned since it is directly related to the amount of feedback students receive. This is done to make the process more manageable for teachers, as well as determine the optimum volume and feedback frequency that can be processed and benefit students. Findings suggest that 20 minutes of writing a week has the potential to significantly improve accuracy no matter how the time is divided. Fluency also has the potential to improve significantly if students are writing for 5 minutes and receiving feedback daily. As previous research on daily 10-minute writing has suggested that only accuracy will improve, this study is instrumental in highlighting specific modifications that can be made to the DWCF process that increase the potential for development of both accuracy and fluency.