This paper examines the “activist effect” on the levels and structures of CEO compensation when a company is targeted by a sample of activist groups. Activist investors are focused funds that use their resources to influence management of target investments in an effort to increase shareholder value. Due to their efforts to impose return enhancing agendas on the management of targets, activists have developed a reputation as “raiders” and are commonly feared by management. In this paper, the nature of activist investing is discussed, including a review of previous research on activism, and an explanation of why compensation changes are a logical focus for extension of the previous research. The study is based on a sample of hand-collected data of 53 activist investments from 2007 to 2008. This analysis finds that contrary to fears, evidence suggests that the presence of an activist – particularly larger more famous activist investors – is associated with an increase in total CEO compensation achieved through a change in compensation structure.

The balance of the world has been built on various empires, kingdoms, civilizations and economic systems for centuries. This study is written in the belief that the center of the world rule started to change. The determiners are not the leaders or the systems anymore but the individuals themselves. People are aware of that their voice can easily reach to the rest of the world. For most of the people it is not onlysharing their ideas on various social networks but also playing an active role in the world order. Since every human being has different ways of expressing themselves, their active role will also differ from each other. This study focuses on the active role of Art, which is one of the important ways when it is about self-expression. By this research, it is aimed to find answers to the following questions: "How can art be effective in the change of the world?" and "In what point activist art differs from propaganda?"

This thesis will explore Boise, Idaho as a real-world case study of the car dominated American cities, and the potential to enact a large-scale shift to alternative forms of transportation. Examining the complexities of inter-governmental and communal-governmental relationships to better understand the history and current state of infrastructure and alternative transit facilities in Boise and theorizing a best path forward. The thesis will also delve into bicycle activists’ groups operating in Boise, to assess their goals and methods of reaching those goals.

Master of Music / Department of Music / Dale Ganz / Nina Simone was a prominent jazz musician of the late 1950s and 60s. Beyond her fame as a jazz musician, Nina Simone reached even greater status as a civil rights activist. Her music spoke to the hearts of hundreds of thousands in the black community who were struggling to rise above their status as a second-class citizen. Simone’s powerful anthems were a reminder that change was going to come. Nina Simone’s musical interpretation and approach was very unique because of her background as a classical pianist. Nina’s untrained vocal chops were a perfect blend of rough growl and smooth straight-tone, which provided an unquestionable feeling of heartache to the songs in her repertoire. Simone also had a knack for word painting, and the emotional climax in her songs is absolutely stunning. Nina Simone did not have a typical jazz style. Critics often described her as a “jazz-and-something-else-singer.” She moved effortlessly through genres, including gospel, blues, jazz, folk, classical, and even European classical. Probably her biggest mark, however, was on the genre of protest songs. Simone was one of the most outspoken and influential musicians throughout the civil rights movement. Her music spoke to the hundreds of thousands of African American men and women fighting for their rights during the 1960s. Although Simone is remembered for the lyrics she sang and the emotions she evoked, not enough credit is given to her as an interpreter of song. Simone had an incredible talent at finding the true message of a song and exposing it to her audience. Rather than jazz musician or activist, this thesis will focus on Simone as a gifted interpreter.

This thesis explores how a group of Caribbean and African American activist-intellectuals became global race women in the early to mid twentieth century. Global race women, is the term I use to describe middle-class, public women of African ancestry who were committed to aiding the progress of the darker races, especially, but not exclusively, blacks. They frequently travelled, both literally and imaginatively, which allowed them to develop a cosmopolitan sensibility, forge multiracial coalitions with Africans, Asians, Caribbeans, and Europeans, and practice transnational activism. Their globalism saw them identify, think, and act on a global basis that was tied to the global African diaspora. But it did not distract them from the local considerations that shaped their politics. For global race women, the global and the local were intertwined. This study centres on three protagonists including the Jamaican writer and broadcaster Una Marson (1905-1965), the Martiniquan journalist Paulette Nardal (1896-1985), and the American anthropologist and writer Eslanda Robeson (1895-1965). While the three women did not call themselves global race women, they embodied its characteristics. Their identities as global race women saw them grapple with the race and gender problem as a global phenomenon. They participated in race-based civil rights organisations, anti-fascist campaigns, the League of Nations, United Nations, feminist, and women’s groups. By embracing a range of strategies, they forged networks that crossed ideological, religious, racial, and gendered divisions. The original contribution this thesis makes is the argument that physical or imagined travel and overlapping global social and professional networks were critical to the practice of becoming a global race woman. The significance of this work lays in its placing of black women at the centre of globally connected conversations about cosmopolitanism, anti-fascism, transnational activism, feminism, the end of empires, and the long global freedom struggle between the 1920s and 1960s.

Could we have a better way to innovate future library service, so that more creative ideas could be embraced and more people can get involved? Many libraries around the world is in search of a new position and innovating new service in order to stay relevant to their users. What if more people who care enough can join forces and be part of it? In this project, my goal is to design a workshop model and toolkit for library activists to initiate a co-creative experience. I hope people who experienced the creation of workshop can be confident enough to put their creativity into actions. And ultimately more library lovers can impact the way library service is developed. Thanks to the great support from Umeå University Library, LIme — A toolkit for library activist to create effective workshop experience, is created in form of a physical toolkit in combination with a mobile digital platform

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In the calendar year since the election of President Donald J. Trump, there has been a marked intensification of activist demonstrations that have permeated mainstream American culture. Roughly one century after its inception, a group of powerful, semi-underground activists and organizers have resurrected a radical social movement called the Antifa network. Antifa, which is short for anti-fascist, originated in early 20th century Germany, Italy and Spain. The group has now been reborn in response to what Antifa members have identified as a strong and dangerous wave of fascist mentality in American politics. They will not rest until they have succeeded in suppressing and defeating every inkling of fascist sentiment from the American political landscape, regardless of what they must do to accomplish that goal. This thesis examines the intentions, motivations and actions of Antifa by dissecting what they are, who they are, and how they work. I will provide a brief history of the movement in its various recorded forms—both in the United States and Europe. In addition to examining the stated goals and behaviors of the movement, I will assess and evaluate Antifa’s ideology by analyzing several key pieces of writing from their resource archives. Primarily, my goal is to determine the ideological legitimacy of Antifa’s efforts against those they have deemed fascist, and the legitimacy of the claims that it is members of Antifa who are the real perpetrators of fascist action in the United States.

Digital texts present significant challenges to technical communicators in terms of genre and persona. Because of the ubiquity of electronic media, we increasingly embrace digital formats over print-based documents. As a result, technical communicators must now devise the means to cue audiences to the purposes of digital documents in any given discourse community. We can only convey meaning to our Internet audiences through the use of appropriate standards and elements recognizable generic forms and rhetorical cues that we designate as conventions in specific digital discourse. Just as we use file and folder office metaphors for information stored on computers, digital activist communities use campaign metaphors to signal the intentions of their electronic pages. Although these electronic pages, such as Take Action, Donate, Lobby, and Speak Out, have the same names as their print-based counterparts, they represent digital generic forms, such as letters, flyers, and receivables, which occur in a virtual world rather than genres that exist in a physical community. If we examine activist sites in terms of digital-format texts, we can become familiar with the genre and forms of activist sites and determine site-visitor responses to the personas of the sites, which will help us to determine our ability to inform our audiences and call them to action. This study looks at six activist websites in terms of genre and persona to identify electronic-text conventions and forms that must be recognizable to site visitors in order for digital activists to effectively communicate. Activist organizations were among the first to understand the power of digital media as tools to disseminate information, lobby decision-makers, boycott corporations, broadcast opportunities for real and virtual legal protests and civil disobedience, and engage in subversive activities. Activist websites already use a number of text forms and visual rhetorical elements to cue the site visitor; many of these text forms are common to the activist websites examined for this thesis and constitute an identifiable and distinct genre. In terms of persona, this study examines the electronic public self of activist websites. The arena is a metaphor for the virtual world; the rhetors are the activist sites; and the debate the intertextual conversation is the digital discourse that occurs among website users, activist sites, and targets. By categorizing activist sites in terms of their primary activities helping, protest, and revolutionary - we determine which elements of genre repeat according to categories and we ultimately gauge the intensity of the outcome that the website rhetor hopes to create in the user. Designers and owners of activist sites have goals which can only be reached by means of effective, well-considered, digital genre and persona. Because many technical communicators and students of technical communication first experience the profession through service learning for a nongovernmental organization often an activist organization this study will help those technical communicators to reconsider their own assumptions about genre and persona and may lead those students to understand the importance of privileging genre and persona when designing and redesigning digital texts. This study provides a framework that both experienced and new technical communicators can apply to documents in order to (1) cue site visitors to the meaning of electronic texts and (2) construct effective public personas in the digital forum.

The purpose of this study is to listen to teachers' stories and reconstruct their classrooms in the midst of the global upheaval of people's movements in the 1960s-70s through teachers' narratives. The primary research questions are: How did social movements in the 1960s-1970s influence their teaching practices? What was their intention and how did they carry out their daily teaching practice? In the educational research field, narrative inquirers explore teachers' stories, their life experiences and teaching practices, in order to understand how teachers view the world. I collected stories, through in-depth interviews, of ten Japanese teachers who taught in Japanese public school system, and were active in social and educational movements during the 1960s-70s in order to understand how teachers understood and resisted dominant oppressive forces which create and perpetuate social inequality. Teacher narratives were analyzed using two complementary methods: contents analysis and interactional positioning theory. First, stories of teachers' struggles in their classrooms and schools were contextualized in a wider social struggle for humanity and a more just society, in order to explore teachers' understanding of social oppression and their resistance, and multiculturalism in Japanese classrooms in the 1960s-1970s. Through their stories, an indigenous multicultural nature of Japanese classrooms was revealed, even before the multiculturalism became an imported educational topic in the 1980s. Furthermore, using interactional positioning theory, I discussed how teacher activist identities were constructed during the narration, at the same time, uncover how social stigma of being an activist possibly suppressed the participants overtly constructing an activist identity in narratives.