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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Self-Reported Trait Mindfulness and Affective Reactivity: A Comprehensive Investigation of Valence, Arousal, and Attention to Emotional Pictures

Cosme, Danielle January 2014 (has links)
Mindful attention is qualitatively receptive and non-reactive, and is thought to facilitate adaptive emotional responding. Using a multi-method approach, I studied the relationship between individual differences in self-reported trait mindfulness and electrocortical, electromyographic, electrodermal, and self-reported responses to emotional pictures. Specifically, while subjects passively viewed IAPS pictures, electrocortical data, skin conductance, and also electromyographic data were recorded. Afterwards, subjects rated their subjective valence and arousal while viewing the pictures again. If trait mindfulness reduces general emotional responding, then responses from individuals with high mindfulness would be associated with decreased late positive potential amplitudes, decreased skin conductance response, and decreased subjective ratings of valence and arousal to emotional pictures. High mindfulness would also be associated with a decreased emotional modulation of startle eyeblink amplitudes and of startle P3 amplitudes during emotional pictures. Although analysis showed clear effects of emotion on dependent measures, in general, mindfulness did not moderate these effects.
2

Associations between physical health and subjective well-being across adulthood and old age / Their nature, correlates, and consequences across multipl timescales

Potter, Sophie 15 November 2022 (has links)
Das subjektive Wohlbefinden (SWB) spiegelt die Gesamtbeurteilung des Lebens (globales SWB) und die Höhen und Tiefen des täglichen Lebens (erfahrungsbezogenes SWB) wider. Eine Fülle von Belegen deutet darauf hin, dass gesundheitliche Herausforderungen die langfristige Aufrechterhaltung des globalen SWB älterer Erwachsener sowie ihre Emotionsregulation vor Ort gefährden (Barger et al., 2009). Gleichzeitig behauptet die Lebensspannenpsychologie, dass sich das SWB als Ergebnis gesundheitlicher Anfälligkeiten entfaltet, die in ein System von Kontextebenen eingebettet sind, das vom Individuum bis zur Dyade reicht (Baltes & Smith, 2004). Allerdings haben nur wenige Studien mehr als eine Facette der Gesundheit oder des SWB untersucht, noch haben sie typischerweise individuelle Unterschiede (Persönlichkeit) oder sozial-kontextuelle Antezedenzien (z. B. die Gesundheit von signifikanten anderen Personen) untersucht. Um diese Lücken zu schließen, untersucht diese Dissertation: (i) die langfristigen Verläufe mehrerer Facetten des globalen SWB im Alter und ihre Vorhersage durch den objektiven Gesundheitszustand; sowie die kurzfristige Variabilität der Facetten des erfahrungsbezogenen SWB älterer Erwachsener als Ergebnis (ii) anlassbezogener Abweichungen des Gesundheitszustands und (iii) anlassbezogener Abweichungen des Gesundheitszustands des Ehepartners. In jeder Studie wird zusätzlich die Rolle des Neurotizismus untersucht. Zu diesem Zweck verwenden diese Studien fünf unabhängige Datensätze älterer Erwachsener, die objektive, leistungsbezogene und subjektive Maße der Gesundheit und des SWB über drei zunehmend feinere Zeitskalen erhoben haben. Die Ergebnisse dieser Dissertation zeigen, dass es älteren Erwachsenen gelingt, gesundheitliche Herausforderungen zu überwinden, um das SWB über kurze und lange Zeiträume aufrechtzuerhalten. Dabei werden die Kontexte hervorgehoben, in denen dieser Erfolg versagt (angesichts der gesundheitlichen Gefährdung des Ehepartners). / Subjective well-being (SWB) reflects our overall appraisals of life (global SWB) and the ups and downs of everyday living (experiential SWB). Lifespan developmental theory considers the maintenance of SWB in the face of age-related loss an indicator of successful aging (Baltes & Baltes, 1990). However, such loss limits the resources necessary to maintain SWB across old age, with a wealth of evidence that health challenges threaten the long-term maintenance of older adults’ global SWB as well as their in-situ regulation of emotions (Barger et al., 2009). At the same time, lifespan psychology maintains that SWB unfolds as a result of health vulnerabilities embedded into a system of contextual layers from the individual to the dyad (Baltes & Smith, 2004). However, few studies have examined more than one facet of health or SWB, nor have they typically examined individual differences (personality) or social-contextual antecedents (e.g., health of significant others). To address these gaps, this dissertation examines: (i) the long-term trajectories of multiple facets of global SWB across old age and their prediction by objective health; as well as the short-term variability in facets of older adults’ experiential SWB as a result of (ii) occasion-specific deviations in health; and (iii) occasion-specific deviations in one’s spouses’ health. Each study additionally examines the role of neuroticism. To do so, these studies utilize five independent datasets of older adults that sampled objective, performance-based, and subjective measures of health and SWB across three increasingly finer timescales. The findings of this dissertation showcase older adults’ success at overcoming health challenges to maintain SWB across short and long-time scales, and in doing so, highlights the contexts where such success falls short (in the face of spousal health vulnerabilities).

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