A presente pesquisa teve como objeto de estudo o estudo dos mitos e dos gêneros da literatura oral africanos e afro-brasileiros. A questão que orientou a nossa investigação é a seguinte: Quando se valoriza a afirmação cultural e identitária no processo escolar como um todo a escola passa a ser menos reprodutora das estruturas sociais atuais? A mesma teve como objetivos: identificar, discutir e averiguar a importância da afirmação cultural e identitária no processo a partir do estudo dos mitos africanos e afro-brasileiros utilizando como objeto de estudo os gêneros da literatura oral africana e afro-brasileira a fim de ressaltar a relevância da lei 10639/03 na educação brasileira. O referencial teórico deste trabalho foi composto pelos seguintes autores:Bourdieu, Winnicottn, Joseph Campbell, Charlot , Lahire, Jean Biarnès, Abadi, Antonio Risério, Sikiru Salami , Juarez Xavier, Nilce da Silva, Ivan da Silva Poli. Os sujeitos que participaram desta investigação foram os professores e alunos da Escola do Ile de Opo Afonjá de Salvador A metodologia de pesquisa utilizada para a construção do capítulo da pesquisa de campo foi qualitativa com características dos espaços de criação (cf. Winnicott, 2002, 2000 e 1990), Biarnès (1999) e Silva (2002). / The present research had as study object the study of myths and genres from African-Brazilian and African oral literature. The question that guided our research is the following: When cultural and identitary affirmation is valorized in the school process as a whole school becomes less reproductive of current social structures? These research had as goals to: identify, assess and discuss the importance of cultural and identity affirmation in the process from the study of African myths and African-Brazilian using as the object of study of African oral literature genres and African-Brazilian in order to emphasize the relevance of the Law 10639/03 in Brazilian education. The theoretical framework of this study was composed of the following authors: Bourdieu, Winnicottn, Joseph Campbell, Charlot , Lahire, Jean Biarnès, Abadi, Antonio Risério, Sikiru Salami , Juarez Xavier, Nilce da Silva, Ivan da Silva Poli. The subjects who participated in this investigation were the teachers and pupils of the Ile Opo Afonjá of Salvador. The research methodology used for the construction of the chapter of the field research was qualitative featuring the \'creative spaces\' (cf. Winnicott, 2002 , 2000 and 1990) Biarnes (1999) and Silva (2002).

This work traces the relationship of Jews to African-Americans in the process of Jews attaining whiteness in the 20th century. Specific attention is paid to blackface performance in The Jazz Singer and the process of identification with suffering. Theoretically this work brings together psychoanalytic theories of projection, repression and masochism with afro-pessimist notions of the libidinal economy of white supremacy. Ultimately, I argue that in its enjoyment and its masochism, The Jazz Singer empathizes with blackness both as a way to assimilate into white America and express doubt at this very act.

MOTIVATION In Richmond, there are 1.21 times as many African Americans as any other ethnic group. Yet 63.4% of African Americans live in poverty (Richmond, VA). African Americans face greater exposure to stress due to low socioeconomic status and poverty. In these communities, “discrimination and deprivation undermine individuals’ ability to accumulate the social and material resources to mitigate the effects of stress” (Brondolo, 2018). In this city’s African American community, where stress levels are high and consequential health concerns are prevalent, dance can be a remedy for managing stress and improving health (Hanna, 2006). DESIGN PROBLEM How can an intentionally designed interior environment support dance as a remedy for stress and its negative health effects? How can the design of this environment celebrate the culture of the African American community? METHODS Literature reviews on the relationship between space and dance will help inform design decisions. Studies of programmatic precedents will focus on spaces involving dance, healing, community engagement and cultural specificity. Studies of conceptual precedents that involve movement, rhythm and the body will take place. Rudolf Laban’s notation system for studying movement in dance will be utilized to analyze the movements required of African dance, resulting in a more targeted design approach. A dancer with a background in African dance will serve as a research advisor. Interviews of African American dancers will be conducted to gain insight into the practice of dance and the needs of a dance space. PRELIMINARY RESULTS Research shows that dance reduces stress levels. Specifically, African dance, significantly decreases perceived stress and repeated practice can lead to overall stress reduction (West, J. et al). African dance’s main purpose is to serve as an expression of the physical and psychological states of individuals, allowing for emotional release.(Welsh-Asante, 1996). Dance can be used to cope with stress by discharging repressed aggression, improving self-esteem and allowing for self expression . Dance also prevents stress through physical exercise (Hanna, 2006). Additionally, research from Steven Holl, Santiago Calatrava and other architectural masters discuss the relationships between dance and architecture. CONCLUSION The research will inform the design of a cultural dance center for the city’s historically African American neighborhood. The interior design of this center will support African dance and culture, foster creativity, and encourage stress reduction. The design will also support the secondary programs of dance movement therapy, seminars, celebrations, community outreach, educational programs, and exhibitions.

The study investigates the establishment and development of the Kimberley Africana Library and its mother institution, the Kimberley Public Library within the broader social, economical and political environment in which they took place. The history of these institutions is inextricable until 1984 when the public and Africana sections of the Library were separated and the Kimberley Africana Library was opened to the public in 1986. It was the exceptional collections of Africana and rare books which distinguished the Kimberley Public Library and the main factor which bound the history of these two institutions. The Kimberley Public Library and its progeny the Kimberley Africana Library are the products of a new industrialised era which came about after the discovery of diamonds in South Africa. They emanated from an environment which produced the new wealth of the country, an almost uncharted region which was relatively new to the established British colonies. In order to place the origins of and motivation for the establishment of the Kimberley Public Library and the Kimberley Africana Library in perspective, it is necessary in this study also to include an overview of the development of the diamond mining industry in Kimberley. This development, peculiar as it was to Kimberley, gave rise to the type of social and cultural milieu in which the Public Library was founded by the immigrants to this area. Also included in the study is a brief survey of the development of the library movement in South Africa and the role played by the Kimberley Public Library in the growth of this movement and in the expansion of public library services to the people of the country. The history of the Kimberley Public/Africana Library which covers a period of more than a century is divided into three distinct periods, namely that which deals with the institution as a Subscription Library from 1882 until 1960 and, from 1961 as a free library under the jurisdiction of the Kimberley Municipality and affiliated to the Cape Provincial Library Service. The third period concerns the dichotomisation of the Kimberley Public Library and the establishment of the Kimberley Africana Library in 1986 to house the Library’s renowned collection of Africana and rare books. This section also deals with the period after 1994 when the Kimberley Libraries functioned under the new political dispensation in South Africa. Emphasis is laid on the formation, nature and scope of the Africana Collection which was the raison d’etre for the establishment of the Kimberley Africana Library and the most significant of the items in the collection are broadly described. The study concludes with an assessment of the challenges the Kimberley Africana Library faces and suggests ways and means of resolving these. An Appendix entitled The Founders and the Builders is added in order to elaborate on the exceptional contributions of several prominent Committee members and Librarians who controlled and managed these institutions from their inception in 1882 until 2008. / Information Science / M. Inf. (Information Science)

Tropical African forests are thought to be declining due to human activity, resulting in serious threat to local communities and wildlife. The threatened status of populations of Juniperus procera and Olea africana was studied in Loliondo, Tanzania. Three hundred persons were interviewed in ten Maasai communities concerning tree utilization for fence and house construction, firewood, traditional medicine and gourd sterilization. By comparing the indices for 169 species, J. procera and O. africana usage was significantly higher than all other species (Kruskal-Wallis, chi2 = 15.3, DF = 2, p = 0.0005). Ninety-six percent of interviewees have witnessed local decline in J. procera and O. africana. In conjunction with interviews, ecological sampling was carried out in community forests to determine species status. The correlations of size class distributions are not typical of "healthy" plant populations. If current trends continue local extinction of J. procera and O. africana may occur.

<p>The incidence of cardiovascular diseases, including hypertension, is on the increase worldwide. Medicinal plants played an important role in the treatment of hypertension for centuries. Very few scientific studies have, however, been done to validate the use of these phytotherapies. O africana is on of the many phytotherapies that has been use indigenously for years to treat hypertension. The objectives of this study were to determine the most effective does of O africana aqueous extract which will reduce blood pressure / to determine whether chronic administration of O africana can be used to prevent and treat hypertension / to determine whether O africana exert its effects by modulation of the renin-angiotensin system.</p>

The study conducted was An Appreciative Inquiry approach into the post-merger Campbell Collections at UKZN. The study was meant to explore and discover the value of the Campbell Collections in the new merged institution, which is the University of KwaZulu- Natal. The study was appreciative in nature, and it took the complete interconnected elements that affect the system into consideration. Every year since 2004, when the University of Natal and the University of Durban Westville were officially declared as merged, there have been various changes that took place. The merger is one huge change project that the universities engaged in. Thus the concepts ‘merger’ and ‘change’ were used inter-changeably in the study. The background on the merger was brought into perspective, and an in-depth literature review on Appreciative Inquiry was conducted. Appreciative Inquiry (AI) introduced to the study a research perspective that was very different in focus from more traditional approaches. AI is a highly participative, systemwide approach that seeks to identify and enhance the life-giving forces. It concentrates on things we want to increase to add value, and it is a radical approach to understanding the social world. It concentrates on exploring ideas that people have about what is valuable in what they do and then tries to work out ways in which this can be built on. The emphasis is strong on appreciating the activities and responses of people, rather than focusing on their problems. Appreciative Inquiry is declared to be a strong pillar of research which looks to build a productive link between people and the substance of what they talk about as past and present capacities. In general AI studies are carried out through the use of 4-D Cycles. The 4-Ds represent: discovery; dream; design and destiny. This study was conducted through the application of only two Ds which are discovery and dream phases. The questions used in data gathering were crafted based on affirmative topics to meet the principles of AI. The interview technique was employed and carried out in the form of individual/one-one interviews as well as through focus groups. All Campbell Collections’ staff members were invited to participate in the study, and a few former staff members were also part of the study. The strategic decisions made about whom to invite to take part in a study were based on their experience, familiarity, and understanding of Campbell Collections and the merger. The study findings revealed the strengths and value of Campbell Collections as well as the impact of the merger, mainly in terms of decisions taken at the University’s executive level. One limitation of the study was that it was bound to Campbell Collections; therefore, the information generated could not be generalised and remained specific to the particular case studied. However, the same research can be studied further to evaluate the entire postmerger system of the University. / Thesis (M.Com.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville, 2010.

<p>The incidence of cardiovascular diseases, including hypertension, is on the increase worldwide. Medicinal plants played an important role in the treatment of hypertension for centuries. Very few scientific studies have, however, been done to validate the use of these phytotherapies. O africana is on of the many phytotherapies that has been use indigenously for years to treat hypertension. The objectives of this study were to determine the most effective does of O africana aqueous extract which will reduce blood pressure / to determine whether chronic administration of O africana can be used to prevent and treat hypertension / to determine whether O africana exert its effects by modulation of the renin-angiotensin system.</p>

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:35:43Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2012-07-06Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T18:47:08Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 polatto_lp_dr_rcla.pdf: 2948399 bytes, checksum: 97e147e458652d1832185af8b2321660 (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / As características florais podem facilitar ou restringir a coleta de recursos alimentares por determinados animais. Assim sendo, o objetivo deste trabalho foi determinar os níveis de especialização dos sistemas de polinização em uma comunidade vegetal em regeneração, mantendo o foco principal na avaliação das interações envolvidas entre os atributos florais e a diversidade de visitantes. Para isso, foram selecionadas algumas espécies vegetais. As características florais de cada planta e o comportamento de forrageio de seus visitantes foram registrados. Com base nesses dois critérios, determinou-se o grau de especialização em relação ao sistema de polinização observado em cada espécie de planta. As espécies estudadas apresentaram oito tipos de formato floral (aberta, goela, capítulo, aberta com glândulas secretoras de óleo, aberta com anteras poricidas, pincel, tubular e transição entre aberta e polipétala profunda), e mostraram um contínuo de sistemas de polinização, desde os níveis mais especializados até os mais generalizados. As espécies mais especialistas foram visitadas predominantemente pelo grupo funcional de polinizadores eficientes, enquanto as espécies mais generalistas receberam visitantes florais de quatro ou cinco grupos funcionais, mas nenhum deles agiu como polinizador eficiente. Além disso, nas espécies mais generalistas não foi possível caracterizar os visitantes florais como vetores de pólen ou furtadores/pilhadores de recursos. Foram registrados cinco tipos de forrageio que não resultaram em polinização: furto de pólen, furto de néctar, furto de néctar extrafloral, furto de óleo e pilhagem de néctar / Floral traits may either facilitate or constrain the gathering of food resources by certain animals. The objective of this study was to determine the degrees of specialization of the pollination systems in a regenerating plant community, having as main focus the analysis of interactions among floral traits and diversity of visitors. For this purpose, some plant species were selected. The floral traits of each plant and the foraging behavior of their visitors were recorded. Based on those two criteria the degree of specialization of each plant-pollinator system was determined. The species studied had eight types of flowers (open, gullet, capitulum, opened with oil-secreting glands, opened with poricidal anthers, brush, tubular, and transition between open and deep polypetalous), and showed a continuum of pollination systems, from the more specialized levels to the most generalized. The most specialized species were visited predominantly by functional group of efficient pollinators, whereas the most generalist species received visitors of four or five functional groups, but they did not act as efficient pollinators. Furthermore, in the more generalist species it was not possible to characterize the floral visitors as pollen vectors or thieves/pillagers of resources. Five types of foraging that did not result in pollination were recorded: pollen theft, nectar theft, theft of extra floral nectar, oil theft, and nectar pillage

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:26:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2011-04-15Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T19:14:18Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 daverni_rf_me_arafcl.pdf: 580462 bytes, checksum: 7546e70f7c197a613c8d8479a6f79f8f (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / O romance Um rio chamado tempo, uma casa chamada terra (2002), do autor moçambicano Antonio Emílio Leite Couto, comumente conhecido como Mia Couto, evidencia, por meio de uma ficção, uma proposta de revitalização, pela via do literário, da sociedade moçambicana. Nessa perspectiva, sua poética repousa em uma relação dialética que se funda, sobretudo, entre a permanência (representada ou registrada pela existência do bairro rural denominado Luar-do-Chão) e a ausência (cidade, espaço da narrativa dedicado ao desenvolvimento, progresso e conforto, mas também o da perda da memória tribal, dos sentimentos, etc.), ambas demarcadas pela espacialidade. O presente trabalho tem por finalidade demonstrar como algumas temáticas comuns às literaturas africanas aparecem representadas na espacialidade do universo diegético miacoutiano. Isso acontece sobretudo no que toca ao espaço da convivência das diferenças culturais, colaborando dessa maneira com uma melhor compreensão teórica desse importante aspecto essencial de toda narrativa ficcional. Em Um rio chamado tempo, uma casa chamada terra, o personagem Marianinho, protagonista e narrador da história, após anos estudando na cidade (moderna), retorna à sua ilha de origem, Luar-do-Chão (religiosa e mítica), por ocasião da morte de seu avô Dito Mariano, o patriarca da família. Ao sabor de um romance policial, muitas peripécias serão desveladas na trajetória de todos os personagens, configurando uma narrativa que prende a atenção do leitor de maneira marcante. A viagem empreendida por Mariano, quando deixa a cidade em que fora estudar as Letras para regressar à ilha de Luar-do-Chão, não diz respeito apenas a uma mudança de espaço geográfico, mas implica também numa mudança de sua condição humana e cultural e de sua visão... / The novel Um rio chamado tempo, uma casa chamada terra (2002), written by the Mozambican author Antonio Emílio Leite Couto, commonly known as Mia Couto, evidences through a fiction a revitalization proposal, through literary way, of Mozambican society. In this perspective its poetic rests in a dialetic relation that founds itself specially between the permanence (represented or registered by the rural neighborhood called Luar-do-Chão existence) and the absence (city, narrative space dedicated to the development, progress and comfort, but also the space of the tribal space loss, of the feelings loss, etc.), both flagged by spatiality. This report aims to show how some themes common to African literatures appear represented in the spatiality of Mia Couto‘s diegetic universe. This happens specially with regard to the cultural differences companionship space, collaborating this way with the better theoretical comprehension of this important essential aspect of all fictional narrative. In Um rio chamado tempo, uma casa chamada terra, the character Marianinho, the story protagonist and narrator, after years studying at the city (modern), returns to his birthplace island, Luar-do-Chão (religious and mystic), on the occasion of his grandfather‘s death, Dito Mariano, the family‘s patriarch. Tasting like a police novel many incidents will be uncovered on the all character‘s trajectory, configuring a narrative that holds the reader‘s attention in a remarkable way. The trip endeavor by Mariano, when he lefts the city in which he went to study the Arts to regress to the island Luar-do-Chão, does not concern only to a geographic space changing, but also implicates a changing in his human and cultural condition and worldview. It is what the city (capitalist, urban and progressive) had transformed him into. To the voyager hero... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)