Demenssjukdomar drabbar i högre grad en åldrande population. Med detta följer ett antal komplikationer och problemskapande beteenden som påverkar omvårdnaden. Syftet med denna litteraturstudie var att belysa musikens betydelse för att minska agitation hos personer som drabbats av demenssjukdom. Metoden som valdes var en systematisk litteraturstudie som omfattade 12 vetenskapliga artiklar. Vid granskningen av artiklarnas resultat bildades tre teman, vilka var; musikens påverkan på agiterande beteende, musiken betydelse för kommunikation och socialt samspel samt betydelsen av musikval. Resultatet visade att musik kan ha positiv effekt på agiterade beteenden. Bäst effekt har den individuellt anpassade musiken som valts ut efter varje individs enskilda smak och resultatet bör utvärderas i varje enskilt fall. I diskussionen konkluderades det bland annat att musik kan antas förbättra välbefinnandet hos personer med demenssjukdom och därmed underlätta såväl omvårdnadsarbetet för vårdaren, som välbefinnandet för personer som drabbats av demenssjukdom.

No description available.

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Michigan, 1989.

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Michigan, 1989.

Syftet var att beskriva vilka icke farmakologiska omvårdnadsåtgärder en sjuksköterska kan användaför att lindra agitation hos äldre personer med demens. Metod Designen som har använts, är enlitteraturöversikt. Artiklar söktes via Cinahl och PubMed, med sökorden dementia, nonpharmacological,nursing och agitation. Sammanställning av sökord, antal träffar, urval,inklusionskriterier och exklusionskriterier återgavs genom text och tabeller. Till resultatsdelenvaldes 11 artiklar ut efter att granskats med granskningsmallar för kvalitetsbedömning. Bådekvantitativa och kvalitativa artiklar valdes ut i resultatet.Resultatet visade att de icke farmakologiska omvårdnadsåtgärderna, har en positiv verkan påpersoner med demens agitation. Litteraturöversiktns slutsats är att speciellt musik och beröringfungerar bra som icke farmakologisk omvårdnadsåtgärd. Den positiva effekten är dock kortvarig.Slutsats Det behövs lite nytänkande kring de icke farmakologiska omvårdnadsåtgärderna.Metoderna är bra. Det som behövs, är att komma på hur man får en långvarig effekt av dessa.

The thesis examines the agitations and riots that broke out in Calcutta in the aftermath of the Second World War. Through a close analysis of local outbreaks of urban violence, it hopes to contribute to the understanding of decolonization in the subcontinent. It interrogates existing chronological and conceptual frameworks through which decolonization has been understood in the historiography of the region. At the same time, the study analyses the continuities and changes in the practices of the local state apparatus, especially the police, through the transition ‘from the colonial to the post-colonial’ regime in South Asia. The scope of the study is limited to incidents and experiences in Calcutta, although it attempts to take into account relevant issues at the regional and all-India level wherever possible. The historiography of popular politics in South Asia is fairly unanimous in concluding that the immediate aftermath of the Second World War saw widespread ‘anti-imperialist’ ‘cross-communal’ protests throughout the subcontinent. In this period, many argue, people of all religions came together for the last time to fight the colonial regime. However, this moment of communal unity was quickly lost as the subcontinent plunged into communal violence on an unprecedented scale. Incidents in Calcutta are believed to exhibit this pattern very clearly. In February 1946 the city witnessed large-scale protests against the conviction of Captain Rashid Ali of the Indian National Army. However, just six months later, Calcutta witnessed massive communal riots. The Great Calcutta Killing of August 1946 set off the chain of communal violence across the subcontinent that ultimately precipitated the partition of British India into two mutually hostile post-colonial states of India and Pakistan. This thesis hopes to challenge some of these assumptions in the historiography of decolonization. It seeks to complicate this linear narrative by questioning the ‘cross-communal’ dimension of the anti-colonial protests. It also argues that the outbreak of communal violence was not as sudden as has been assumed. Rather, communal tension often co-existed with periods of united anti-colonial agitations. The thesis will also examine inter-community relations in the city in the very first years after independence. It will study how new minorities produced by the Indian nation state grappled with, and were affected by, the changed circumstances in Calcutta.

Agitated patients are common in the prehospital environment and pose a significant danger to themselves, the public, law enforcement and prehospital medical providers. Pharmacologic and non-pharmacologic options exist for managing agitation in the prehospital setting. Severe agitation is best managed with pharmacologic methods, but the optimal drug or drug combination is unclear. Intramuscular (IM) ketamine has been shown to be very effective at obtaining fast and safe control of severely agitated patient. However, current research on this subject is limited to retrospective studies and case series. This proposal is a 2 year, single-center, double-blind randomized controlled trial which will measure the potential superiority of ketamine compared to a commonly used standard-of-care medication (IM haloperidol) for the rapid sedation of acutely agitated patients in the prehospital environment. It will be the first randomized, controlled, double blind study investigating the use of ketamine compared to haloperidol in the prehospital setting for agitation and will impact prehospital protocols for the treatment and management of agitation. It will potentially aid in the future reduction of harm to medical and law enforcement personnel by violent patients as well as decrease morbidity and mortality to the acutely agitated patients.

<p>I Sverige är det omkring 200 000 personer som fått diagnosen demens. Läkemedelskostnaderna för behandling av demenssymtomen anses uppgå till 160 miljoner kronor/år i Sverige. Att använda sig utav icke-farmakologiska omvårdnadsåtgärder kan ses som ett alternativ, både ur etisk synpunkt såväl som ekonomisk. Det är därför viktigt att sjuksköterskan känner till vilka omvårdnadsåtgärder som finns tillgängliga. Syftet med litteraturstudien var att belysa sjuksköterskans icke-farmakologiska omvårdnadsåtgärder i omvårdnaden av oroliga, agiterade och aggressiva personer med demens. Studien genomfördes som en litteraturstudie där 14 vetenskapliga artiklar och två avhandlingar granskades och analyserades. I resultatet skapades fyra kategorier, aktivitet relaterat till social samvaro, musik, kommunikation och dans. Resultatet visade att för att lindra lidande hos personer med demenssymtom, är insikten om livshistorian och intressen grundläggande för det goda vårdandet. Detta kan ske genom att föreslå en meningsfull aktivitet. Exempel på sådan aktivitet kan vara dans, musik, små gruppträffar eller handarbete. Det framgår att det existerar alternativa icke-farmakologiska omvårdnadsåtgärder som kan lindra oro, agitation och aggression hos personer med demens. Dessa anses inte vila på lika hög vetenskaplig grund som farmakologisk behandling då kunskapen inom det området inte är lika evidensbaserad. Ytterligare forskning inom området är därför önskvärt i form av kliniska framtida pilotprojekt för att bevisa dess effektivitet</p> / <p>The number of people with dementia in Sweden is around 200 000. The costs of medication for those people are 160 million Swedish crones/year. Using non-pharmacological nursing measures can be seen as an alternative, at an ethical point of view as well as an economic. It’s therefore very important that the nurse knows about the different treatments and is capable to delegate this further. The aim of this study was to illuminate the nurse non-pharmacological nursing measures in purpose to reduce the anxiety, agitation and aggression in people with dementia. This study was a literature study where 14 articles and two dissertations were used to form the result. In the result 4 categories were created, activity related to socializing, music, communication and dance. The result shows that to relief suffering in persons with dementia it's important to know the individual and this person’s life-history, for the purpose to relief anxiety but also to divert aggressive behaviors in different situations. To know the persons interests and life-history is important to be able to give the person a meaningful activity. An example of this can be dance, music, small group meetings and handcraft. There exist non-pharmacological approach to reduce anxiety, agitation and aggression in persons with dementia. Those strategies are not as scientific as the pharmacological nursing measures because is not that evidence-based. More research in this area is therefore requested such as a clinical pilot study to prove its effectiveness.</p>

No description available.

Aim of investigation¡GThe purpose of the randomized, double blind study is to determine whether intravenous ketamine will reduce the frequency of emergence agitation and whether the timing of ketamine administration have any impact on the recovery profile of sevoflurane anesthesia, will also be investigated. Methods¡GWe study 223, under 12 years old, otherwise healthy children of ASA physical status I and II, who will undergo polio-related surgery. During the operation, the keta group (n =96) receive ketamine intravenously; and the Control group(n = 127) receive saline as control and ketamine will be administered only when the Agitation Scale¡Ù3 . In the recovery room, routine standard measurement every 30 minutes monitoring included blood pressure, SaO2, heart rate, respiratory rate, agitation scale, and pain scale. Postoperative pain was assessed using the Objective Pain Scale (OPS). Agitation level will be evaluated by using 5-point agitation scale. The data will be analyzed with SPSS. Results¡GThe use of ketamine on surgery pain management is effective within 30 min after surgery, buy not actually effective thereafter. Multiple factors affect the emergence of agitation. The satisfaction survey shows no difference whether using ketamine or not. Emergence agitation using ketamine expend highest cost. Conclusion¡GIt is considerable to further search a more costive and effective agent than ketamine after sevoflurane anesthesia.