O recente crescimento da utilização de tecnologias de automação e eletrônica embarcada em máquinas e implementos agrícolas tem estabelecido uma nova prática na área agrícola. Estas novas práticas relacionadas com a agricultura de precisão (AP) têm demandado a utilização de sensores e redes de comunicação embarcadas para aquisição de dados e controle dos dispositivos em campo. A incompatibilidade entre equipamentos e formatos de dados tornou-se um grande obstáculo. A tendência global é de uso de sistemas padronizados de acordo com a norma ISO 11783 (também conhecida como ISOBUS) nos dispositivos, ou Electronic Control Unit (ECU), utilizados na produção agrícola. No Brasil, essas ferramentas ainda não são largamente aplicadas. O objetivo deste trabalho é sistematizar as informações necessárias dos procedimentos para comunicação de uma ECU do implemento com a ECU de trator de gerenciamento. Focou-se no desenvolvimento dos arquivos padrões necessários e no programa da ECU do implemento, e testes de validação da comunicação dos dispositivos via rede ISO 11873. Estabeleceu-se a relação entre as informações sistematizadas e os dispositivos embarcados em máquinas agrícolas. Os dispositivos embarcados consistem em cinco ECUs interconectadas pela rede ISO 11783. Quatro ECUS estão localizados no tractor: ECU do GPS, Controlador de Tarefas (TC), Terminal Virtual (VT) e ECU do Trator (TECU). A ECU do GPS é responsável pela recepção do sinal do Differencial Global Position System (DGPS) e disponibilização na rede ISO 11783. O TC é responsável pelo gerenciamento da aplicação do mapa de prescrição e pelo controle do implemento. O VT é responsável por monitorar e disponibilizar uma interface gráfica com o operador da máquina. O TECU disponibiliza a velocidade do trator obtida por um sensor de radar. A quinta ECU está localizado no implemento, definido como Working Set Master (WSM), que é responsável por interpretar os comandos das ECUs do trator e integrar o dispositivo mecânico-hidráulico para realização de uma aplicação agrícola. Este trabalho mostrou os requisitos necessários para o desenvolvimento dos arquivos necessários (TaskData.XML e o Device Description Object Pool), as capacidades necessárias para o programa da ECU do Implemento, a validação da comunicação da ECU do Implemento com o TC (ECU do trator de gerenciamento) e comprovou que as informações sistematizadas facilitaram e proporcionaram a implementação de um sistema ISO 11783. Espera-se, que este trabalho possa abrir oportunidades para que a norma ISO 11783 possa ser melhor entendida e ampliar a possibilidade de disponibilizar um número maior de aplicações que envolvem o conceito de AP no Brasil. / The recent growth of automation technology and embedded electronic in agricultural machinery has established a new practice in agriculture. These new practices related to precision agriculture (PA) have demanded the use of sensors and communications embedded networks for data acquisition and control devices in the farm field. The incompatibility between hardware, software and data formats has become a major obstacle. The global trend is to use standardized systems in accordance with ISO 11783 (also known as ISOBUS) in the devices, or Electronic Control Units (ECU), used in agricultural production. In Brazil, these tools are not yet implemented. The purpose of this work is to systemize the information necessary of the procedures for communication among the implement ECU with management tractor ECU. This work focuses standardized files format, the program of the implement ECU and the validation tests of the devices communication via ISO 11873 network. It was established the relation among the systematized information and embedded devices on agricultural machinery. The embedded devices consist in five ECUs connected in the ISO 11783 network. Four ECUs are located in the tractor: GPS ECU, Task Controller (TC), Virtual Terminal (VT) and Tractor ECU (TECU). The GPS ECU is responsible to the Differential Global Positioning System (DGPS) positioning. The TC is responsible to manage the prescription map and to control the implement. The VT is responsible monitor the application. The TECU disposes tractor velocity of a radar sensor. The fifth device located in the implement is Working Set Master (WSM), which is responsible to interpret the commands from the tractors ECUs and integrate the mechanical-hidraulical device instruction for agricultural operation. It was presented how to develop the needed standardized files (TaskData.XML and Device Description Object Pool), the capabilities needed of the implement ECU program, the validation of communication between the implement ECU with the TC (management tractor ECU) and was prove that the information systematized has facilitated and provided the communication. It is expect that this work may open opportunities for the ISO 11783 standard can be better understood and enlarge the possibility of providing a great number of applications involving the concept of AP in Brazil.

O recente crescimento da utilização de tecnologias de automação e eletrônica embarcada em máquinas e implementos agrícolas tem estabelecido uma nova prática na área agrícola. Estas novas práticas relacionadas com a agricultura de precisão (AP) têm demandado a utilização de sensores e redes de comunicação embarcadas para aquisição de dados e controle dos dispositivos em campo. A incompatibilidade entre equipamentos e formatos de dados tornou-se um grande obstáculo. A tendência global é de uso de sistemas padronizados de acordo com a norma ISO 11783 (também conhecida como ISOBUS) nos dispositivos, ou Electronic Control Unit (ECU), utilizados na produção agrícola. No Brasil, essas ferramentas ainda não são largamente aplicadas. O objetivo deste trabalho é sistematizar as informações necessárias dos procedimentos para comunicação de uma ECU do implemento com a ECU de trator de gerenciamento. Focou-se no desenvolvimento dos arquivos padrões necessários e no programa da ECU do implemento, e testes de validação da comunicação dos dispositivos via rede ISO 11873. Estabeleceu-se a relação entre as informações sistematizadas e os dispositivos embarcados em máquinas agrícolas. Os dispositivos embarcados consistem em cinco ECUs interconectadas pela rede ISO 11783. Quatro ECUS estão localizados no tractor: ECU do GPS, Controlador de Tarefas (TC), Terminal Virtual (VT) e ECU do Trator (TECU). A ECU do GPS é responsável pela recepção do sinal do Differencial Global Position System (DGPS) e disponibilização na rede ISO 11783. O TC é responsável pelo gerenciamento da aplicação do mapa de prescrição e pelo controle do implemento. O VT é responsável por monitorar e disponibilizar uma interface gráfica com o operador da máquina. O TECU disponibiliza a velocidade do trator obtida por um sensor de radar. A quinta ECU está localizado no implemento, definido como Working Set Master (WSM), que é responsável por interpretar os comandos das ECUs do trator e integrar o dispositivo mecânico-hidráulico para realização de uma aplicação agrícola. Este trabalho mostrou os requisitos necessários para o desenvolvimento dos arquivos necessários (TaskData.XML e o Device Description Object Pool), as capacidades necessárias para o programa da ECU do Implemento, a validação da comunicação da ECU do Implemento com o TC (ECU do trator de gerenciamento) e comprovou que as informações sistematizadas facilitaram e proporcionaram a implementação de um sistema ISO 11783. Espera-se, que este trabalho possa abrir oportunidades para que a norma ISO 11783 possa ser melhor entendida e ampliar a possibilidade de disponibilizar um número maior de aplicações que envolvem o conceito de AP no Brasil. / The recent growth of automation technology and embedded electronic in agricultural machinery has established a new practice in agriculture. These new practices related to precision agriculture (PA) have demanded the use of sensors and communications embedded networks for data acquisition and control devices in the farm field. The incompatibility between hardware, software and data formats has become a major obstacle. The global trend is to use standardized systems in accordance with ISO 11783 (also known as ISOBUS) in the devices, or Electronic Control Units (ECU), used in agricultural production. In Brazil, these tools are not yet implemented. The purpose of this work is to systemize the information necessary of the procedures for communication among the implement ECU with management tractor ECU. This work focuses standardized files format, the program of the implement ECU and the validation tests of the devices communication via ISO 11873 network. It was established the relation among the systematized information and embedded devices on agricultural machinery. The embedded devices consist in five ECUs connected in the ISO 11783 network. Four ECUs are located in the tractor: GPS ECU, Task Controller (TC), Virtual Terminal (VT) and Tractor ECU (TECU). The GPS ECU is responsible to the Differential Global Positioning System (DGPS) positioning. The TC is responsible to manage the prescription map and to control the implement. The VT is responsible monitor the application. The TECU disposes tractor velocity of a radar sensor. The fifth device located in the implement is Working Set Master (WSM), which is responsible to interpret the commands from the tractors ECUs and integrate the mechanical-hidraulical device instruction for agricultural operation. It was presented how to develop the needed standardized files (TaskData.XML and Device Description Object Pool), the capabilities needed of the implement ECU program, the validation of communication between the implement ECU with the TC (management tractor ECU) and was prove that the information systematized has facilitated and provided the communication. It is expect that this work may open opportunities for the ISO 11783 standard can be better understood and enlarge the possibility of providing a great number of applications involving the concept of AP in Brazil.

Neue elektrische Antriebskonzepte ermöglichen es, eine hohe Funktionalität in einem eingeschränkten Bauraum unterzubringen. Damit steigt auch in der Landwirtschaft das Interesse an elektrischen Antrieben. Die Projektgruppe Elektrische Maschinen und Antriebe der HTW Dresden beteiligt sich mit der TU Dresden an einem Projekt, bei dem beginnend mit der elektrisch angetriebenen Dreschtrommel umfassend an einem Mähdrescher untersucht wird, wie diese Antriebe in einzelne Funktionselemente integriert werden können. Neben der Auslegung der Antriebe werden Verfahren erarbeitet, die Verluste im Motor mit hoher Genauigkeit zu berechnen. So können in Zukunft passgenaue Kühlkonzepte für diese Antriebstechnik entwickelt werden. Anforderungen gerade im Bereich der Elektromobilität fordern den Blick für neue Materialien, deren elektromagnetisches und thermisches Verhalten werden in ihrem Einfluss auf die Erwärmung untersucht. Analytische und kombinierte Berechnungsmethoden in 2D-FEM gestatten die vereinfachte Rechnung unter Berücksichtigung von Grundwelle und entstehenden Harmonischen zu qualifizieren. Verlustberechnungen aus der transienten FEM-Rechnung ermöglichen diese Verbesserung. Die Methode wird am Beispiel der elektrischen Dreschtrommel mit den berechneten Verlustverteilungen beschrieben. Neue Methoden der 3D-FEM, wie sie die Software Ansys bietet, werden für die Nutzung von Einflüssen der Wirbelstromeffekte und in Auswertung für die Segmentierung von Permanentmagneten dargestellt. Die exemplarisch gewonnenen Erkenntnisse liefern einen Beitrag für weitere Schneidwerksantriebe am Mähdrescher, aber auch darüber hinaus in Projekten mit Herstellern elektrischer Maschinen. / New concepts for electrical drives make it possible to put a high functionality into a restricted structural form. Thereby the interest in electrical drives increases also in the farming. The project team Electrical machines and drives of the HTW Dresden participates together with the TU Dresden in a project, where starting with the electrically driven threshing cylinder is comprehensively examined at a combine harvester, how these drives can be integrated into single function elements. Besides the dimensioning of the drives are developed methods to calculate losses in the engine with high precision. So custom-fit cooling concepts can be developed for this drive technology in future. Requirements just in the area of the electric mobility call looking for new materials, whose electromagnetic and thermic behavior are examined in her influence on the warming. Analytical and combined computation methods in 2D-FEM allow the simplified calculation under consideration of the fundamental wave and the arising harmonic ones. Loss calculations by means of the transient FEM calculation make possible this improvement. The method is described at the example of the electrical threshing cylinder with the calculated loss distributions. New methods of the 3D-FEM, as the software of Ansys offers, are presented for the use of influences of the eddy current effects and in evaluation for the segmentation of permanent magnets. The exemplarily got knowledge provides a contribution for further cut header drives at the combine but also furthermore in projects together with manufacturers of electrical machines.

Neue elektrische Antriebskonzepte ermöglichen es, eine hohe Funktionalität in einem eingeschränkten Bauraum unterzubringen. Damit steigt auch in der Landwirtschaft das Interesse an elektrischen Antrieben. Die Projektgruppe Elektrische Maschinen und Antriebe der HTW Dresden beteiligt sich mit der TU Dresden an einem Projekt, bei dem beginnend mit der elektrisch angetriebenen Dreschtrommel umfassend an einem Mähdrescher untersucht wird, wie diese Antriebe in einzelne Funktionselemente integriert werden können. Neben der Auslegung der Antriebe werden Verfahren erarbeitet, die Verluste im Motor mit hoher Genauigkeit zu berechnen. So können in Zukunft passgenaue Kühlkonzepte für diese Antriebstechnik entwickelt werden. Anforderungen gerade im Bereich der Elektromobilität fordern den Blick für neue Materialien, deren elektromagnetisches und thermisches Verhalten werden in ihrem Einfluss auf die Erwärmung untersucht. Analytische und kombinierte Berechnungsmethoden in 2D-FEM gestatten die vereinfachte Rechnung unter Berücksichtigung von Grundwelle und entstehenden Harmonischen zu qualifizieren. Verlustberechnungen aus der transienten FEM-Rechnung ermöglichen diese Verbesserung. Die Methode wird am Beispiel der elektrischen Dreschtrommel mit den berechneten Verlustverteilungen beschrieben. Neue Methoden der 3D-FEM, wie sie die Software Ansys bietet, werden für die Nutzung von Einflüssen der Wirbelstromeffekte und in Auswertung für die Segmentierung von Permanentmagneten dargestellt. Die exemplarisch gewonnenen Erkenntnisse liefern einen Beitrag für weitere Schneidwerksantriebe am Mähdrescher, aber auch darüber hinaus in Projekten mit Herstellern elektrischer Maschinen. / New concepts for electrical drives make it possible to put a high functionality into a restricted structural form. Thereby the interest in electrical drives increases also in the farming. The project team Electrical machines and drives of the HTW Dresden participates together with the TU Dresden in a project, where starting with the electrically driven threshing cylinder is comprehensively examined at a combine harvester, how these drives can be integrated into single function elements. Besides the dimensioning of the drives are developed methods to calculate losses in the engine with high precision. So custom-fit cooling concepts can be developed for this drive technology in future. Requirements just in the area of the electric mobility call looking for new materials, whose electromagnetic and thermic behavior are examined in her influence on the warming. Analytical and combined computation methods in 2D-FEM allow the simplified calculation under consideration of the fundamental wave and the arising harmonic ones. Loss calculations by means of the transient FEM calculation make possible this improvement. The method is described at the example of the electrical threshing cylinder with the calculated loss distributions. New methods of the 3D-FEM, as the software of Ansys offers, are presented for the use of influences of the eddy current effects and in evaluation for the segmentation of permanent magnets. The exemplarily got knowledge provides a contribution for further cut header drives at the combine but also furthermore in projects together with manufacturers of electrical machines.