In this days the osteoporosis is getting to the centre of interest because of its increasing. It is the worldwide problem. Physical activity is one of the main factors affecting the course of disease. Suitable physical activity is possible to reduce a risk of falls, fractures with following, frequently fatal complications. Finding the ma in problems lowering balance ability of endangered population groups and subsequently targeted physical program it possible to include in preventive program of safety locomotion and give support to enhance quality of life for endangered persons. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Author: Petra Nekolná Title: Alkaloids of family Amaryllidaceae: genus Lycoris Diploma thesis Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Department of Pharmaceutical Botany and Ecology 2015, 79 p. The aim of this diploma thesis was to summarize the findings about alkaloids which were isolated from Lycoris plants of Amaryllidaceae family. It contains a botanical characteristics of species of genus Lycoris which were studied phytochemically, a file of alkaloids which were isolated from these plants and findings about the biological activity of these compounds. Within the genus Lycoris 11 species were studied phytochemically and 118 alkaloids were isolated from these plants. Alkaloids which were isolated from Lycoris plants are divided in several structural groups. The lycorine-, homolycorine-, crinine-, galanthamine- and pancratistatine-type alkaloids occur the most numerously. Anticancer, acetylcholinesterase-inhibitory and antimalarial activity of the alkaloids were described. The biological activity of alkaloids is connected with their structure. The most significant anticancer activity was observed in alkaloids from lycorine-, crinine- and pancratistatine-type. Acetylcholinesterase-inhibitory activity was pronounced the most in galanthamine-type alkaloids. The most...

The master thesis focuses on dysplasia of the hip joint in relation to the physical activities of an infant under one year. The thesis contains three sections. The theoretical part informs about dysplasia of the hip and physical activities jointed to this infliction. The special part defines suitable and unsuitable physical activities of an infant under one year with dysplasia of the hip. The research deals with hypothesis, problem's questions and goals. The methods used are anamnesis, experiment, interviews and casuistry. On the basis of experiment was difined short-term and a long-term exercise's plan for infant under one year with dysplasia of the hip. The research was conducted at the patient K. V. from birth to one year of age. Were applied the selected physical activities that demonstrate their significant impact on the reporting of disability. Medical reports suggest that the degree of disability investigated patients improved more than one level. It was also found that there are differences of opinion between medical approaches and treatment by specialists. Even parents have a different attitude to medical recommendations and some seek the views of other experts. Conclusion contains a summary of the facts and submitted to the positive impact of alternative approaches to influence child...

The thesis deals with the attitude of high school students towards sport activities and the relationship between their attitude and the interests of their parents. The theoretical part of the thesis includes the characteristics and the definition of adolescence - general definition, pedagogically - psychologic and physio-motoric characteristics. It also focuses on the definition of a physical activity, it's link to human health and the aspects which may affect it. Furthermore, the theoretical chapters of the paper characterize sport and it's function, leisure time and healthy lifestyle as linked concepts. This part of the thesis also mentions previous research conducted on adolescent physical activity. The research part of the paper firstly introduces the sample group and the research design. Secondly, it presents and analyses the survey and the questions used, compared with previous research. The final part of the paper focuses on the outcomes of the research.

Charles University in Prague Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Pharmaceutical Botany and Ecology Candidate: Zuzana Kavková Supervisor: doc. Ing. Lucie Cahlíková, Ph.D. Title of diploma thesis: Alkaloids of family Amaryllidaceae and their analogues as potential drugs The object of this diploma thesis was to prepare derivatives of alkaloids of Amaryllidaceae family and to deal with their biological activity. These alkaloids are famous for their antibacterial, antiinfectives, antifungal, antimalarial and inhibitory activity against AChE, BuChE and POP and also for cytotoxic effect against cell lines. In the current studies about anticancer activity it was found that the most active alkaloids are Amaryllidaceae alkaloids of these types: lycorine, crinane and pancratistatine. Their biological activity relates closely with their structure. The changes of different parts of the structure can explain the relationship between structure and activity, and also the importance of their organization which is necessary for starting the activity. Based on this finding were for the experiments chosen alkaloids like haemanthamine, haemanthidine and lycorine. An eleven derivatives were prepared and identified mostly by GC-MS and NMR. These derivatives were tested on a wide spectrum of tumor lines....

The importance of the searching for novel antimycobacterial active agents is continually increasing with growing mycobacterial resistance to currently used drugs. However, the resistance-related problems are also associated with other bacteria and fungi. The systematic modification of compounds with a known antimicrobial activity represents one of the possible approaches to overcome this problem. Sulphonamide derivatives may be considered to be such a kind of compounds. That is why we synthesized various sulphathiazole derivatives. Amides were obtained by the reaction of sulphathiazole with appropriate acyl chlorides, substituted ureas from corresponding isocyanates. These ureas were cyclized via oxalyl chloride to form substituted 2,4,5-trioxoimidazolidines. Among derivatives evaluated for their antimycobacterial action, 4-(3- phenethylureido)-N-(thiazol-2-yl)benzenesulphonamide showed the highest activity. Its minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) against Mycobacterium tuberculosis My 331/88 (4 µmol/l) were superior to those obtained for sulphathiazole. In the case of nontuberculous mycobacteria (M. avium My 330/88, M. kansasii My 235/88 and M. kansasii My 6509/96), their activities were comparable (≥ 2 µmol/l). Amides showed also a significant antimycobacterial activity, especially against M....

Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradci Králové Department of Pharmaceutical Botany and Ecology Lucie Gábrlová Diploma thesis: Alkaloids of family Amaryllidaceae and their biological activity The aim of this diploma thesis was to compile assigned fraction of alkaloidal extract obtained from Chlidanthus fragrans and isolation of at least two alkaloids for testing their biological aktivity. For the processing of the extract and isolation of the alkaloids contained in it was used preparative TLC. The obtained substances were then undegone structure analysis, specifically, there were used EI-MS and NMR methods. Based on the results obtained were isolated substances identified and prepared for screening of their biological activity, which was not part of this diploma thesis anymore. The isolated alkaloids were identified as 6α-hydroxybuphanidrine, crinamidine and crinine. 6α-Hydroxybuphanidrine failed to get enough for biological testing. Inhibitory activity of crinamidine and crinine against erythrocyte AChE and serum BuChE was quite weak. Equally, neither of alkaloids showed stronger ability to inhibit the POP, where for crinamidine was determined IC50 = 0,790 ± 0,062 mM and for crinine IC50 = 1,473 ± 0,122 mM. The measurment of cytotoxic activity has been carried out only with...

Author's first name and surname: Bc. Eliška Svobodová Title of the master thesis: The Validation of czech version of 3DPAR questionnaire for adolescents Department: Department of Physiotherapy and Sports Medicine Supervisor: As. MUDr. Michal Procházka The year of presentation: 2013 Abstract: The aim of the study was to test the questionnaire of physical activity "3 Day Physical Activity Recall" and determine its reliability and validity. The research was accomplished by using pedometers Yamax SW 200 on a group of children from 15 to 17 years. The theoretical part of this thesis reviews the possibilities of monitoring the physical activity of youth by subjective and objective methods with some examples of studies already carried out. The results were statistically processed and described. Keywords: physical activity, 3DPAR questionnaire, pedometer I agree the thesis paper to be lent within the library service.

Title: Designing eating plans for women and men suffering from overweight. Objectives: Show an importance of lifestyle changes, a modification of diet habits and an inclusion of physical activities in overweight or obesity therapy. Find which aspects made positive influence to the state. Methods: The study selected five women and five men suffering from overweight. None of them did not operate or operate professionally or competitively any sports. Selected men and women would like to change your lifestyle and this study they had to be developed. I put probands and their questions about their past activities, health and relationship with food. In addition, I measured using bioelectrical impedance and tailoring meter. The last parameter that interested me was the weight, which I measured using scales. Based on all the identified model parameters was compiled weekly individual eating plan and recommended physical activity. The study lasted six months, during which I attended probands and continuously measured them. After 180 days was made final assessment of the impact of changes in eating habits to influence overweight and obesity. Results: The study demonstrate that physical activities, diet changes and lifestyle changes have a big influence on overweight or obesity fight. Keywords: obesity,...

Zuzana Bílková, Biological activities of Lavandula angustifolia essential oil, Thesis, Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, thesis author: PharmDr. Jan Martin, PhD., Hradec Králové, 2013, 72 pages. The thesis called "Biological activities of Lavandula angustifolia essential oil" is interested in biological activities of Lavandula angustifolia essential oil, specifically antifungal, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, cytotoxicity, nematicidal and repellency activities. The aim of work was to find out, if the oil can be used in these indications and become natural substitution to the chemical compound toxic to the environment. Antifungal activity was tested against the most common human patogenes, low toxicity proves that essential oil can be used on human cells without causing any harm. Antioxidant activity was tested on NO reaction, nematicidal activity was tried on proctection of crop where nematodes cause huge economic loss. Repellency activity can protect both decorative and agricultural plants. Key words: Lavandula angustifolia, biological activities, anti-inflammatory, antifungal, cytotoxicity, repellency, antioxidant, nematicidal, essential oil.