• Refine Query
  • Source
  • Publication year
  • to
  • Language
  • 654
  • 64
  • 49
  • 33
  • 24
  • 15
  • 10
  • 5
  • 4
  • 3
  • 2
  • 2
  • 2
  • 2
  • 2
  • Tagged with
  • 881
  • 389
  • 160
  • 148
  • 140
  • 107
  • 99
  • 94
  • 88
  • 66
  • 57
  • 56
  • 54
  • 53
  • 53
  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
71

Počátky komerčního rozhlasového vysílání v České republice: případová studie Rádia Alfa / Beginnings of private radio broadcasting in the Czech Republic: the case of Radio Alfa

Skalický, Matěj January 2019 (has links)
After the Velvet Revolution in 1989, the Czech media landscape was getting its second wind. The boom in the private sector of the broadcasting landscape of Czechoslovakia, and later the Czech Republic, was unprecedented. However, it often preceded the legislative changes of the reborn state. Society-wide changes were followed by granting of first experimental licenses to local radio broadcasters, but in 1993 the Broadcasting Council decided to provide the transmitters to two nationwide stations - Frekvence 1 and Radio Alfa. Alfa was, in fact, the first nationwide private radio in the Czech Republic which started broadcasting on September 13, 1993. During six years of existence, it has earned its place on the private radio market in the Czech Republic. Until today, a little legacy of this frantic time has been retained, therefore it is even more important to remember the existence of Radio Alfa through memories of radio journalists who formed the radio during that time and experienced this key stage of the Czech media market in the 1990's. This is also the aim of the thesis, which offers a comprehensive picture of the origins of commercial radio broadcasting in the Czech Republic (with emphasis on so-called dual broadcasting system) through a case study of Radio Alfa, including research...
72

Formulation et caractérisation d'éco-bétons renforcés aux fibres d'alfa pour des bâtiments verts et durables / Formulation and characterization of eco-concrete reinforced with alfa fibers for the green and sustainable Building

Khelifa, Mohammed Rissel 08 November 2017 (has links)
Le béton est le matériau de construction le plus utilisé dans le monde. Des fibres sont introduites pour le renforcement du béton de structure. Jusqu'à présent, les fibres utilisées sont généralement des fibres métalliques ou synthétiques (par exemple les fibres de polypropylène).Dans notre étude, nous nous sommes intéressés au remplacement des fibres synthétique (le polypropylène dans notre cas), par des fibres végétales naturelles à s'avoir l'alfa, une graminée méditerranéenne.Nous avons formulé et confectionné des éprouvettes de différents types de bétons renforcés aux fibres d'alfa ainsi que deux bétons témoins, le premier ordinaire et le second renforcé de fibres de polypropylène.La caractérisation a montré que les dosages en fibres d'alfa les plus performants sont ceux de 1% et 1,5% de fibres d'alfa, qui ont donnés des résistances mécaniques comparables à celles des bétons ordinaires et des bétons renforcés au polypropylène.Les tests de durabilité (attaque sulfatique externe et élévation de température) ont montré que le béton renforcé à 1% de fibre d'alfa est celui dont les résultats se rapprochent de ceux des bétons ordinaires. Le béton à 1% de fibres d'alfa constitue donc le béton optimal.L'analyse environnementale a montré que les fibres d'alfa sont beaucoup moins impactantes sur l'environnement que celles de polypropylènes quant-à l’épuisement des énergies fossiles, le changement climatique (lié à l’émission de gaz à effet de serre, parmi lesquels le CO2), l’émission atmosphérique de particules, l’écotoxicité marine et l’oxydation photochimique. / Concrete is the most used building material in the world. In order to reinforce struture concretes, different kinds of fibres are added among which metallic and synthetic (e.g. polypropylene) fibres.In our study, we have replaced polypropylene fibres by natural vegetal fibres of alfa, a grass commonly found aroud the Mediterranean.We have prepared 3 kinds of concrete : alfa-reinforced concrete (with various amounts of alfa fibres), polypropylene-reinforced concrete and ordinary concrete used as references.Characterization showed that the best amounts of alfa fibres are 1 and 1.5 %, that gave a mechanical behaviour close to that of ordinary and polypropylene-concrete.Durability tests (sulfatic attack and high temperature) showed that the concrete reinforced with 1% of alfa fibres gives the closest results compared to ordinary concrete. Concrete with 1% of alfa fibres is hence the best concrete.Environmental analyses showed that alfa fibres generate far less impacts than polypropylene fibres as regards fossil fuel depletion, climate change (linked with emissions of greenhouse gases among which CO2), atmospheric emission of particles, marine ecotoxicity and photochemical oxydation.
73

Desenvolvimento e avaliação da eficácia de formulações cosméticas contendo extrato de camomila ou seus componentes isolados / Development and evaluation of efficacy of cosmetic formulations containing Matricaria chamomilla L. extract or its isolate compounds

Nóbrega, Ananda de Toledo 16 November 2010 (has links)
Os extratos vegetais, em função de sua rica composição e propriedades medicinais têm tido grande interesse na área cosmética. Contudo, muitas vezes, o grande número de componentes químicos pode causar instabilidade às formulações, assim, a indústria cosmética também utiliza seus principais componentes isolados. Dentre esses extratos podemos destacar o de camomila, o qual vem sendo comumente utilizado em cosméticos. Este possui uma rica composição de flavonóides, terpenos, polissacarídeos, dentre outros, o que lhe confere propriedades anti-inflamatória, antioxidante e emoliente, as quais foram bastante estudadas quanto às suas aplicações farmacológicas em geral, porém pouco estudadas quanto a sua aplicação tópica. O objetivo deste trabalho foi o desenvolvimento de formulações cosméticas estáveis contendo extrato glicólico de camomila (Matricaria chamomilla L.), ou os seus componentes isolados, alfa-bisabolol e apigenina, bem como a avaliação da eficácia clínica destas formulações na hidratação e proteção da pele. Visando avaliar potencial antioxidante in vitro do extrato de camomila e do seu componente isolado, apigenina, foram realizados estudos de quimioluminescência. Foram desenvolvidas cinco formulações à base de blend autoemulsificante, de copolímero de ácido sulfônico acriloildimetiltaurato e vinilpirrolidona (ASAV), blend autoemulsificante de polímero de celulose, copolímero de ASAV e polímero de poliacrilamida. Estas formulações foram acrescidas ou não (veículo) de 0,5% de alfa-bisabolol e de 5% de extrato de camomila. Realizou-se estudos preliminares de estabilidade e estudos de estabilidade física por determinação do comportamento reológico, bem como uma análise sensorial. A formulação composta copolímero ASAV apresentou melhor estabilidade e melhor sensorial e, assim, foi utilizada como veículo na avaliação da eficácia clínica a curto (efeitos imediatos) e longo prazo. Para a avaliação dos efeitos imediatos, analisou-se a hidratação, a perda transepidérmica de água, as propriedades viscoelásticas e o microrelevo da pele da região interna dos antebraços e da face, antes e após 2 horas da aplicação das formulações: veículo (F1), veículo + alfa-bisabolol (F2), veículo + extrato de camomila (F3) e veículo + apigenina (F4). Para analisar os efeitos a longo prazo, as voluntárias aplicaram as formulações duas vezes ao dia nos antebraços e na face sendo que, após 15 e 30 dias de aplicação, foram realizadas medidas dos parâmetros acima mencionados e das propriedades mecânicas da pele por determinação de suas características anisotrópicas. Os resultados mostraram que o extrato de camomila possui potencial antioxidante e que as formulações estudadas apresentaram efeitos hidratantes no estudo a curto prazo, porém somente as que continham extrato de camomila proporciono tal efeitos no estudo a longo prazo. Finalizando, de acordo com os resultados obtidos, pôde-se concluir que a formulação contendo extrato de camomila foi estável e apresentou propriedade hidratante, efeito esse evidenciado na avaliação da percepção da eficácia da referida formulação. Assim, o extrato de camomila pode ser sugerido para a aplicação em produtos cosméticos, visando a obtenção de efeitos hidratantes pronunciado e manutenção do equilíbrio fisiológico da pele. / Botanical extracts due to its rich composition and medicinal properties have attracted great interest in the cosmetic area. However, the large amount of chemicals compounds present in those extracts could cause instability to the formulations; thus, the cosmetic industry also uses its isolated major compounds. Among these extracts we can mention the Matricaria chamomilla L. extract, which has been commonly used in cosmetics. This extract has a rich composition in flavonoids, terpenes, polysaccharides, among others, which confers anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and emollient properties. M. chamomilla L. extract has had its use recognized and, in general, in terms of pharmacological applications, it has being well studied on its therapeutic properties. Although, there are only a few studies about its topical application. The aim of this study was to development of stable cosmetic formulations containing glycolic extract, or its isolated compounds, alpha-bisabolol and apigenin, as well as to evaluate the clinical efficacy of those formulations on skin hydration and skin protection. In order, to evaluate the in vitro antioxidant activity of the M. chamomilla L. and apigenin was applied the chemiluminescence assay. Five formulations were developed based on sclerotium gum, ammonium acryloyldimethyltaurate/ vinylpyrrolidone copolymer (A/VPC), hydroxietylcelulose, acrylate polymer and C13-14 Laureth-7 acrylamide polymer. Those formulations were supplemented or not (vehicle) with 0.5% of alpha-bisabolol and 5% of M. chamomilla L. extract. Afterwards, further studies were carried out to determine the formulations physical stability by analyzing the rheological behavior and also a sensorial analysis. The formulation containing A/VPC copolymer demonstrated the best physical stability and the best sensorial characteristics and thus it was used as the vehicle to evaluate the clinical efficacy in the immediate and long term effects. In order to evaluate the immediate effects, it was analyzed the skin hydration, transepidermal water loss, the viscoelastic properties and the skin microrelief on the region of the volunteers forearms and face, before and after 2 hours of the following formulations application: vehicle (F1), vehicle + alpha-bisabolol (F2), vehicle + M. chamomilla L. extract (F3) and vehicle + apigenin (F4). For the long-term study, the volunteers applied the formulations twice a day in the forearms and face; after 15 and 30 day-period of application, the parameters above mentioned were measured and the skin mechanical properties was also evaluated, by determining skin anisotropic characteristics. The results showed that M. chamomilla L.extract has antioxidant activity and the formulations studied demonstrated immediate moisturizing effects, but only the formulation containing M. chamomilla L. extract provides such effects in long-term study. Finally, according to the obtained results, it can be concluded that the formulation containing M. chamomilla L. extract was stable and showed moisturizing properties, it also was demonstrated by the efficacy perception assessment. Thus, M. chamomilla L. extract can be suggested for application in cosmetic product, in order to obtain pronounced hydration effect and keeping physiological balance of the skin.
74

Desempenho, incremento de energia e digestibilidade de nutrientes em rações de frangos de corte contendo enzimas exógenas / Performance, energy increment and digestibility of nutrients in broiler chickens diets containing exogenous enzymes

Rizzoli, Paula Wick 16 October 2009 (has links)
Essa pesquisa avaliou o efeito da suplementação de dois complexos enzimáticos sobre o desempenho, incremento de energia e digestibilidade da matéria seca (MS), proteína (PB), aminoácidos (AAs) e extrato etéreo (EE) por 3 metodologias (coleta total de fezes, coleta com indicador e coleta ileal) em rações de frangos. No ensaio de desempenho foram utilizados 2.592 pintos machos distribuídos em um delineamento inteiramente casualizado com sete tratamentos (1: controle positivo; 2: controle negativo 1 (CN 1) decrescido de 2% de energia metabolizável aparente (EMA), AA e PB na fase de 1 a 21 dias e de 2,5% na fase de 22-42 dias; 3: controle negativo 2 (CN 2) decrescido de 4% de EMA, AA e PB na fase de 1 a 21 dias e de 5% na fase de 22-42 dias; 4: CN 1 mais 400 g do complexo A (α-amilase e β-glucanase); 5: CN 1 mais 500 g do complexo B (α-amilase, β-glucanase e xilanase); 6: CN 2 mais 400 g do complexo A; 7: CN 2 mais 500 g do complexo B), sendo o tratamento 1 com 6 repetições e os outros com 7, totalizando 48 parcelas experimentais com 54 aves cada. Foi adotado um programa alimentar com 2 fases: de 1 a 21 dias e de 22 a 42 dias. As características de desempenho avaliadas foram: consumo de ração, ganho de peso, conversão alimentar, conversão alimentar ajustada, viabilidade e índice de eficiência produtiva. No ensaio de metabolismo foram utilizados 351 pintos machos de um dia alojados em baterias seguindo delineamento inteiramente casualizado com os mesmos tratamentos do experimento 1, sendo os três primeiros com 5 repetições e os demais com 6, totalizando 39 parcelas experimentais com 9 aves por gaiola. O complexo enzimático B na dieta com menor redução proporcionou desempenho similar ao encontrado no controle positivo nas diferentes fases estudadas. Na primeira coleta do ensaio de metabolismo, realizada com aves de 21 dias, os complexos enzimáticos não foram eficazes em incrementar a energia da ração e a digestibilidade da matéria seca, do extrato etéreo, da proteína bruta e dos aminoácidos. Na coleta realizada com aves de 42 dias, o tratamento 5 proporcionou maiores valores de energia digestível e metabolizável, não diferindo dos tratamentos 1, 3 e 4 na metodologia de coleta total e dos tratamentos 3 e 4 nas metodologias de coleta com indicador e coleta ileal. O tratamento 5 ainda apresentou maior digestibilidade da MS pela metodologia de coleta com indicador. Os complexos enzimáticos melhoraram a digestibilidade do EE quando comparados aos seus respectivos tratamentos controle. Os tratamentos 4 e 5 apresentaram maior digestibilidade da PB pela metodologia de coleta ileal. Os maiores coeficientes de digestibilidade dos AAs concentraram-se no tratamento 5, seguido pelo tratamento 4. No geral, a metodologia de coleta total de excretas promoveu resultados mais consistentes. Conclui-se que a utilização de enzimas exógenas e viável técnica e economicamente. / This study evaluated the effect of supplementation of two enzymatic complexes on performance, energy increment and digestibility of dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), amino acids (AA) and ether extract (EE) by three methodologies (total excreta collection, collection with marker and ileal collection) in broilers diets. In the performance assay a total of 2,592 male broiler chicks were randomly distributed in seven treatments (1: positive control; 2: negative control 1 (NC 1) with 2% reduction on apparent metabolizable energy (AME), AA and CP from 1 to 21 days and 2,5% from 22 to 42 days; 3: negatice control 2 (CN 2) with 4% reduction on AME, AA and CP from 1 to 21 days and 5% from 22 to 42 days; 4: NC 1 with 400 ppm of enzymatic complex A (α-amylase and β-glucanase); 5: NC 1 with 500 ppm of enzymatic complex B (α-amylase, β-glucanase and xylanase); 6: NC 2 with 400 ppm of enzymatic complex A; 7: NC 2 with 500 ppm of enzymatic complex B. Treatment one had six replicates and all the others treatments had seven replicates, in a total of 48 experimental units of 54 birds each. A feeding program with two phases was used from 1 to 21 days and from 22 to 42 days. Body weight gain, feed intake, feed conversion rate, adjusted feed conversion rate, viability and index of production efficiency were measured. In the metabolism assay a total of 351 male broiler chicks were housed in metallic batteries and randomly distributed in the same treatments of the performance assay. Treatments 1, 2 and 3 had 5 replicates and all the others treatments had 6 replicates, in a total of 39 experimental units of 9 birds by cage. The enzymatic complex B in the diet with lower reduction reached the same level of performance as the positive control diet. In the first collection of the metabolism assay (21 days), the enzymatic complexes were not efficient to increment the energy of the feed and digestibility of DM, EE, CP and AA. In the collection with 42 days, the treatment 5 provided the best result for digestible and metabolizable energies, but was not different of the treatments 1, 3 and 4 in total excreta collection methodology and of the treatments 3 and 4 in collection with marker and ileal collection methodologies. Treatment 5 even provided higher digestibility of DM by collection with marker methodology. The enzymatic complexes improved the ether extract digestibility when compared to their respective control treatments. The treatments 4 and 5 presented higher crude protein digestibility by ileal collection. The highest coefficients of digestibility of AA were observed in treatment 5, followed by treatment 4. In general, the total excreta collection methodology promoted higher consistency of the results. It was concluded that the exogenous enzymes utilization is technical and economically feasible.
75

Novos métodos para análise de curvas de espalhamento a baixo ângulo aplicados a um inibidor de α-amilase, à hexocinase e à aspartato transcarbamilase / New method for SAXS curves analysis and its application to an inhibitor of α-amylase, hexokinase and aspartate of transcarbamilase

Barberato, Claudio 01 August 1996 (has links)
Este trabalho teve por finalidade a implementação e desenvolvimento de novos métodos para a análise de curvas de espalhamento de raios X a baixo ângulo por sistemas monodispersos. O resultado básico final deste trabalho foi a confecção de três programas de computador e suas aplicações em proteínas de interesse biológico. ELLFIT é um programa de computador que encontra o elipsóide cuja curva de SAXS melhor se ajusta a uma dada curva experimental. Para casos favoráveis este programa é capaz de determinar a dimensão máxima e algumas características básicas do formato da partícula. CRYSOL é um programa para a avaliação de curvas de espalhamento em solução para proteínas com estrutura atômica conhecida. O programa usa a expansão de multipolos para o cálculo rápido da promediação espacial e simula uma camada de hidratação ao redor da proteína. CRYSOL pode predizer a curva de SAXS de uma determinada proteína e compará-la com dados experimentais. HOMDIM é um programa para a determinação da posição das sub-unidades de um homodímero no caso de ser conhecida somente a estrutura da sub-unidade sozinha. Dada a curva experimental e a amplitude da sub-unidade, HOMDIM procura os parâmetros posicionais que descrevem o homodímero. Estes e outros programas foram aplicados a várias proteínas. O método da expansão de multipolos foi usado na determinação do envelope molecular de uma inibidora de ALPHA-amilase. O programa CRYSOL foi utilizado para resolver uma ambiguidade na estrutura quatemária cristalina da hexocinase e o programa HOMDIM para a proposição de um novo modelo para a estrutura quatemária da aspartato transcarbamilase no estado R em solução / This work was aimed at the implementation and development of new methods for solution scattering analysis of monodisperse systems. The basic final result of this work was the development of three programs and their applications to proteins of biological interest. ELLFIT is a computer program, which finds the elipsoid whose SAXS curve has the best fit to a given experimental curve. In favorable cases, this program is able to determine the maximum dimension and some basic characteristic of the particle shape. CRYSOL is a program for evaluating the solution scattering from, proteins of known structure. The program uses multipole expansion for fast calculation of the spherically averaged scattering pattern and takes into account the hydration shell. Given the atomic coordinates it can predict the solution scattering curve and compare it with the experimental scattering curve. HOMDIM is a program to determine the position of both subunits of a homodimer when only one sub-unit structure is known. Given the experimental curve of the homodimer and the subunit scattering amplitudes. HOMDIM searches for the positional parameters, which describe the homodimer. These and other programs were used to study several proteins. The multipole expansion method was used in the shape determination of an ALPHA-amylase inhibitor. The program CRYSOL was used to solve the ambiguity in the hexokinase quaternary crystal structures and the program HOMDIM was utilized for the quaternary structure modeling of the R-state of the aspartate transcarbamilase in solution
76

Interação entre α-ciclodextrina e compostos de terras raras luminescentes. / Luminescent rare earth compounds and α-cyclodextrin interaction.

Ribeiro, Anderson Orzari 08 March 2002 (has links)
O estudo dos processos de transferência de energia por íons opticamente ativos em matrizes rígidas vem recebendo bastante atenção por parte de pesquisadores, devido a importância destes processos em dispositivos de estado sólido, tais como laseres e materiais ópticos e eletrônicos. Esses materiais luminescentes (luminóforos) em solução aquosa podem ainda ser muito úteis como sensores ou sondas para análises de biomateriais. Neste contexto, íons de terras raras (TR) e as ciclodextrinas (CD) são muito importantes, já que podem participar no estado sólido e em solução. Algumas TRs – como o európio e o térbio – apresentam a propriedade da luminescência, enquanto que as CDs possuem uma cavidade apolar que pode incorporar moléculas (ou partes delas) em seu interior e protegê-las das moléculas do solvente, proporcionando assim uma matriz hidrofílica rígida em solução. Neste trabalho foi realizado o estudo de complexos de íons terras raras incorporados na cavidade da α-CD e, posteriormente, o estudo desses compostos (TR/α-CD) incorporados em matrizes inorgânicas através do método sol-gel. Inicialmente, foram sintetizados e caracterizados complexos de terras raras com β-dicetonas. A solubilização dos complexos em solução aquosa foi realizada pela incorporação destes na cavidade apolar da α-CD. Foram obtidos espectros de excitação, emissão e valores de tempo de vida do íon TR em ambiente aquoso. Observou-se que os íons apresentaram suas transições características no novo ambiente. Posteriormente, os compostos de α-CD foram estudados em matrizes inorgânicas, obtidas através do método sol-gel. Após a dopagem, a estabilidade térmica do composto aumentou e as linhas espectrais dos íons TR apresentaram-se mais definidas. / In recent years, there has been considerable research on the study of energy transfer process by active optically ions due to their great importance in solid state devices, e.g., lasers and optic-electronic materials. These luminescent materials (phosphors) in aqueous solution can also be very useful as sensors or probe in biomaterials analysis. In this context, the interest on rare earth ion (RE), as well as cyclodextrin (CD) in such systems are increasing due to their compatibility wish solid state and aqueous media. Some RE, like europium and terbium, present luminescent properties, while the CD’s have an apolar/hydrophobic cavity that can incorporate molecules, protecting them from solvent entities and resulting na a rigid hydrophobic matrix in solution. In the present work was performed the study of RE complexes incorporate into α-CD hydrophobic cavity, and then, the investigation on RE/α-CD compounds incorporated in inorganic matrices through the sol-gel method. First, RE complexes with β-diketones were synthesized and characterized. The solubilization of these complexes in aqueous solution was achieved by their incorporation into α-CD hydrophobic cavity. Excitation and emission spectra as well as lifetime measurements were performed for RE ions in aqueous media. It was observed that the RE ions present their characteristic transitions in the new environment. Therefore, RE/α-CD compounds in inorganic matrices obtained by sol-gel method were also studied. After doping, the thermal stability of these compounds increase and the detected RE ions emission lines presented a better definition than the ones in the α-CD incorporate RE/β-diketones in aqueous medium.
77

Suaugusiųjų krikščioniškasis ugdymas ir jo efektyvumas vykdant ,,Alfa“ kursą X parapijoje / Christian education and its efectiveness of adults by pursueing ,,Alfa“ course in X parish

Sabeckytė, Jurgita 20 January 2014 (has links)
Laimės trokštantis žmogus alksta Dievo meilės. Asmens prigimtyje įrašytas antgamtės siekimas, t.y. noras pažinti Dievą per Kristų veikiant Šventajai Dvasiai. Tikėjimu ir Kristaus kaip Tiesos ir Meilės ilgesiu turi būti paremtas kasdieninis krikščionio gyvenimas. Suaugusiųjų krikščioniško ugdymo poreikiui didėjant Lietuvoje, Bažnyčia imasi realių praktinių veiksmų apmokant katechetus, kuriant suaugusiųjų rengimo programas įvairiuose rajonuose ir įsisavinant gerąja užsienio šalių pastoracinę praktiką. Ypatingai didelį dėmesį skiria pagrindinei metodinei bazei kurti, idant pritraukti ne tik jaunuolius, bet taip pat evangelizuoti ir suaugusiuosius. Kaip ,,atspirties taškas“ ypatingai pasitarnauja ,,Alfa“ kursas. / Human desired for happiness is starveling for God love. Supernature aiming is written in human's nature – the wish to know God through Christ by acting Holy Spirit. Faith and yearning in Christ as Truth and Love schould be based daily Christian life. Christian education of adults demand is growing in Lithuania, therefore, Church is taking real practise actions by instructing catechits by creating adults training programs in variuos areas and assimilating good foreign countries pastoral practise. Particularly large consideration is distinguished to create basic metodical basis in order to attract not even youth, but also to evangelize the adults. As starting point particularly helps ''Alfa“ course.
78

Participação do fator inibidor da migração de macrófagos (MIF) no processo inflamatório pulmonar induzido por sílica em camundongos

Gallois, Kene Dique January 2009 (has links)
Submitted by Anderson Silva (avargas@icict.fiocruz.br) on 2013-11-18T15:46:49Z No. of bitstreams: 1 kene_d_gallois_ioc_bcm_mest_2009.pdf: 8919174 bytes, checksum: 5cb63a99e70a1503eb86db1086b275b0 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Gentil Jeorgina(jeorgina@icict.fiocruz.br) on 2013-11-26T11:00:18Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 kene_d_gallois_ioc_bcm_mest_2009.pdf: 8919174 bytes, checksum: 5cb63a99e70a1503eb86db1086b275b0 (MD5) / Submitted by Anderson Silva (avargas@icict.fiocruz.br) on 2014-09-25T17:38:28Z No. of bitstreams: 1 kene_d_gallois_ioc_bcm_mest_2009.pdf: 8919174 bytes, checksum: 5cb63a99e70a1503eb86db1086b275b0 (MD5) / Submitted by Anderson Silva (avargas@icict.fiocruz.br) on 2016-08-31T14:15:20Z No. of bitstreams: 1 kene_d_gallois_ioc_bcm_mest_2009.pdf: 8919174 bytes, checksum: 5cb63a99e70a1503eb86db1086b275b0 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Anderson Silva (avargas@icict.fiocruz.br) on 2016-09-08T18:41:22Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 kene_d_gallois_ioc_bcm_mest_2009.pdf: 8919174 bytes, checksum: 5cb63a99e70a1503eb86db1086b275b0 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-09-08T18:41:22Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 kene_d_gallois_ioc_bcm_mest_2009.pdf: 8919174 bytes, checksum: 5cb63a99e70a1503eb86db1086b275b0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-01-16 / Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil / A silicose é a pneumoconiose de maior prevalência no Brasil partículas de sílica cristalina, sendo caracteriza colágeno e formação de granulomas, mediadores. O fator inibidor inflamatória atuante em diferentes tipos de patologias, sendo importante em respostas imunes e nos mecanismos decorrentes do dano tecidual. do MIF no modelo experimental de silicose murina. MIF “knockout” (MIF-/-) foram submetidos à instilação as análises realizadas 7 (fase aguda) e 28 dias (fase crônica) pós existência de um aumento significativo no número de leucócitos totais broncoalveolar de camundongos silicóticos de células mononucleares elevado por pelo menos 28 dias. infiltrado de células inflamatórias 7 dias pós fibrótica com formação de granuloma camundongos silicóticos exibiram um aumento na deposição de colágeno nos pulmões quando comparados aos controle quimiocinas MIP-1 MIPtempos analisados. Esse fenômeno apresentou correlação direta com o quadro de comprometimento da função pulmonar (aumento de resistência e elastância) e de hiperreatividade das vias aéreas ao agente broncoconstrictor metacolina. MIF-/- sílica apresentaram, ainda, paralelo a um menor infiltrado leucocitário, expressão diminuída menor proporção dos granulomas, acompanhado por redução da resposta de hiperreatividade das vias aéreas. Em contraste, foi verificado processo exacerbado de granulomas no pulmão dos camundongos sílica MIF área tecidual ocupada por granulomas TNF- e TGF- , quando comparados ao detectada, na fase crônica da doença, uma expres camundongos sílica MIF-/-, refletindo a presença de miofibroblastos camundongos silicóticos tratados com anticorpo neutralizante anti comprometimento da função pulmonar e alteraçõe reduzidos, indicando a participação do MIF como mediador pró silicose. Em conclusão, nossos resultados indicam que o MIF coloca atuante na modulação do quadro silicótico, c terapêutica no caso da doença humana. / Silicosis is the pneumoconiosis of highest prevalence in Brazil and is of crystalline silica particles, being characterized by granuloma formation, in a way dependent on a wide range of mediato migration inhibitory factor (MIF) several inflammatory diseases to investigate the potential role of MIF in a model of (BALB/c) and MIF knockout the analyses made on day 7 (acute phase) and 28 (chronic phase). increase in the number of total l mice, on day 7 after silicosis induction mononuclear cells and neutrophil least 28 days. Tissue analyses day 7, followed by fibrotic response day 28. We also noted that silicotic mice exhibited an increase in a marked increase in the levels of MIP increase in the levels of fibrogenic cytokines TNF These phenomena directly correlated resistance and elastance) and MIF-/- silicotic mice showed hyperreactivity to methacholine of MIP-1 and MIP-2 and F4/80 expression and granuloma area phase, a marked increased in granuloma tissue area compared to WT mice, together with lower collagen deposition and and TGF- . An increase in the expression of also noted. When silicotic mice were treated with anti the reduced pulmonary function and tissue damage were noted, indicating a role for MIF as a proinflammatory mediator in silicosis. In conclusion, our results to play a relevant modulatory role in as a potential therapeutic target in human disease.
79

Praktické ověření technologie chovu kapra obecného se zvýšeným obsahem omega 3 mastných kyselin / Practical verification of rearing of common carp with high levels of omega 3 fatty acids

ZROSTLÍK, Jakub January 2012 (has links)
The aim of my thesis was to verify the technology of rearing common carp (Cyprinius carpio) with increased levels of omega 3 fatty acids. The technology was tested in 2010 and 2011. A mixture of KP Len and cereal was used for the experiment in 2010. In 2011, the fish were divided into three groups The first group was fed a mixture of KP Len, the second a type of cereal, and the third was kept on natural feed. The technology was carried out under the conditions of the Czech fishery industry. During the entire growing period the course of growth was monitored as part of the framework of regular checks and the parameters of the quality of water was measured. The main descriptive characteristics was the fat content and composition of fatty acids. The combination of KP Len achieved a significantly higher content of PUFA than the group of fish receiving cereals in 2010 and in 2011. When comparing groups of fish fed a mixture of KP Len and those fed natural feed in 2011, no statistically significant differences in PUFA were detected. In 2010 the fish fed a mixture of KP Len reached the highest content of EPA and DHA. On the contrary, in 2011 the significantly highest content was detected in the muscle of fish kept on natural feed.
80

Desempenho, incremento de energia e digestibilidade de nutrientes em rações de frangos de corte contendo enzimas exógenas / Performance, energy increment and digestibility of nutrients in broiler chickens diets containing exogenous enzymes

Paula Wick Rizzoli 16 October 2009 (has links)
Essa pesquisa avaliou o efeito da suplementação de dois complexos enzimáticos sobre o desempenho, incremento de energia e digestibilidade da matéria seca (MS), proteína (PB), aminoácidos (AAs) e extrato etéreo (EE) por 3 metodologias (coleta total de fezes, coleta com indicador e coleta ileal) em rações de frangos. No ensaio de desempenho foram utilizados 2.592 pintos machos distribuídos em um delineamento inteiramente casualizado com sete tratamentos (1: controle positivo; 2: controle negativo 1 (CN 1) decrescido de 2% de energia metabolizável aparente (EMA), AA e PB na fase de 1 a 21 dias e de 2,5% na fase de 22-42 dias; 3: controle negativo 2 (CN 2) decrescido de 4% de EMA, AA e PB na fase de 1 a 21 dias e de 5% na fase de 22-42 dias; 4: CN 1 mais 400 g do complexo A (α-amilase e β-glucanase); 5: CN 1 mais 500 g do complexo B (α-amilase, β-glucanase e xilanase); 6: CN 2 mais 400 g do complexo A; 7: CN 2 mais 500 g do complexo B), sendo o tratamento 1 com 6 repetições e os outros com 7, totalizando 48 parcelas experimentais com 54 aves cada. Foi adotado um programa alimentar com 2 fases: de 1 a 21 dias e de 22 a 42 dias. As características de desempenho avaliadas foram: consumo de ração, ganho de peso, conversão alimentar, conversão alimentar ajustada, viabilidade e índice de eficiência produtiva. No ensaio de metabolismo foram utilizados 351 pintos machos de um dia alojados em baterias seguindo delineamento inteiramente casualizado com os mesmos tratamentos do experimento 1, sendo os três primeiros com 5 repetições e os demais com 6, totalizando 39 parcelas experimentais com 9 aves por gaiola. O complexo enzimático B na dieta com menor redução proporcionou desempenho similar ao encontrado no controle positivo nas diferentes fases estudadas. Na primeira coleta do ensaio de metabolismo, realizada com aves de 21 dias, os complexos enzimáticos não foram eficazes em incrementar a energia da ração e a digestibilidade da matéria seca, do extrato etéreo, da proteína bruta e dos aminoácidos. Na coleta realizada com aves de 42 dias, o tratamento 5 proporcionou maiores valores de energia digestível e metabolizável, não diferindo dos tratamentos 1, 3 e 4 na metodologia de coleta total e dos tratamentos 3 e 4 nas metodologias de coleta com indicador e coleta ileal. O tratamento 5 ainda apresentou maior digestibilidade da MS pela metodologia de coleta com indicador. Os complexos enzimáticos melhoraram a digestibilidade do EE quando comparados aos seus respectivos tratamentos controle. Os tratamentos 4 e 5 apresentaram maior digestibilidade da PB pela metodologia de coleta ileal. Os maiores coeficientes de digestibilidade dos AAs concentraram-se no tratamento 5, seguido pelo tratamento 4. No geral, a metodologia de coleta total de excretas promoveu resultados mais consistentes. Conclui-se que a utilização de enzimas exógenas e viável técnica e economicamente. / This study evaluated the effect of supplementation of two enzymatic complexes on performance, energy increment and digestibility of dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), amino acids (AA) and ether extract (EE) by three methodologies (total excreta collection, collection with marker and ileal collection) in broilers diets. In the performance assay a total of 2,592 male broiler chicks were randomly distributed in seven treatments (1: positive control; 2: negative control 1 (NC 1) with 2% reduction on apparent metabolizable energy (AME), AA and CP from 1 to 21 days and 2,5% from 22 to 42 days; 3: negatice control 2 (CN 2) with 4% reduction on AME, AA and CP from 1 to 21 days and 5% from 22 to 42 days; 4: NC 1 with 400 ppm of enzymatic complex A (α-amylase and β-glucanase); 5: NC 1 with 500 ppm of enzymatic complex B (α-amylase, β-glucanase and xylanase); 6: NC 2 with 400 ppm of enzymatic complex A; 7: NC 2 with 500 ppm of enzymatic complex B. Treatment one had six replicates and all the others treatments had seven replicates, in a total of 48 experimental units of 54 birds each. A feeding program with two phases was used from 1 to 21 days and from 22 to 42 days. Body weight gain, feed intake, feed conversion rate, adjusted feed conversion rate, viability and index of production efficiency were measured. In the metabolism assay a total of 351 male broiler chicks were housed in metallic batteries and randomly distributed in the same treatments of the performance assay. Treatments 1, 2 and 3 had 5 replicates and all the others treatments had 6 replicates, in a total of 39 experimental units of 9 birds by cage. The enzymatic complex B in the diet with lower reduction reached the same level of performance as the positive control diet. In the first collection of the metabolism assay (21 days), the enzymatic complexes were not efficient to increment the energy of the feed and digestibility of DM, EE, CP and AA. In the collection with 42 days, the treatment 5 provided the best result for digestible and metabolizable energies, but was not different of the treatments 1, 3 and 4 in total excreta collection methodology and of the treatments 3 and 4 in collection with marker and ileal collection methodologies. Treatment 5 even provided higher digestibility of DM by collection with marker methodology. The enzymatic complexes improved the ether extract digestibility when compared to their respective control treatments. The treatments 4 and 5 presented higher crude protein digestibility by ileal collection. The highest coefficients of digestibility of AA were observed in treatment 5, followed by treatment 4. In general, the total excreta collection methodology promoted higher consistency of the results. It was concluded that the exogenous enzymes utilization is technical and economically feasible.

Page generated in 0.0685 seconds