Master of Science / Department of Industrial and Manufacturing Systems Engineering / Chih-Hang John Wu / The University of Kansas Medical Center’s Emergency Department is adopting a new residency program. In the past, generalized Residents have supported attending physicians during a required three month rotation in the Emergency Department. As of July 2010, the University of Kansas Medical Center’s Emergency Department has switched to a dedicated Emergency Medicine Residency program that allows recently graduated physicians the opportunity enter the field of Emergency Medicine. This thesis shows that although not initially a dedicated residency program provides an advantage to the Emergency Department. Discrete Event Simulations have been used to predict changes in processes, policies, and practices in many different fields. The models run quickly, and can provide a basis for future actions without the cost of actually implementing changes in policies or procedures. This thesis applies a learning curve in a Simulation Model in order to provide data that the University of Kansas Medical Center’s Emergency Department can utilize to make decisions about their new Residency Program. A generalized learning curve was used for the base model and compared to all alternatives. When it was compared with an alternative curve following a Sigmoid Function (Logistic Function), there were no significant differences. Ultimately, a Gompertz Curve is suggested for hospitals attempting to develop or improve their residency programs using learning curves because it is easily fitted to their desired shape. This thesis shows the effect that Residents have on the performance of the Emergency Department as a whole. The two major components examined for the generalized learning curve were the initial position for first year residents determined by the variable [alpha], and the shape of the curve determined by the variable [beta]. Individual changes the value of [alpha] had little effect. Varying values of [beta] have shown that smaller values elongate the shape of the curve, prolonging the amount of time it takes for a resident to perform at the level of the attending physician. Each resident’s personal value of [beta] can be used to evaluate the performance in the emergency department. Resident’s who’s [beta] value are smaller the emergency department’s expected value might have trouble performing.

A busca por saúde e bem-estar é intrínseca ao ser humano. Além da medicina convencional ou alopática, existem numerosas modalidades terapêuticas consideradas parte da Medicina Complementar e Alternativa (MCA). No Brasil, essas terapias foram chamadas Práticas Integrativas e Complementares (PIC), definidas pela Portaria nº 971, de 3 de maio de 2006 do Ministério da Saúde. Embora sejam amplamente utilizadas com apoio da Organização Mundial da Saúde, faltam materiais de suporte aos tradutores sobre esse tema. Dessa forma, procuramos desenvolver um glossário bilíngue português brasileiro/inglês britânico dessa área de especialidade, por meio da compilação de corpora comparáveis nos dois idiomas, escolhendo textos representativos sobre essa temática. Para a realização desse trabalho, utilizamos como referenciais teóricos a Linguística de Corpus e a Terminologia Bilíngue. Como ferramenta computacional usamos o WordSmith Tools. Após a compilação dos corpora, utilizando artigos acadêmicos, livros, textos de sites institucionais e legislação, examinamos a linguagem utilizada na área de PIC e extraímos os termos pertinentes à pesquisa por meio de uma análise quantitativa e qualitativa. Verificamos a ocorrência de termos simples, compostos, complexos e siglas. Em seguida, buscamos os equivalentes em língua inglesa para os termos selecionados. Nem todos os equivalentes foram encontrados no corpus em inglês, portanto, realizamos nova busca usando a web como corpus. Explicitamos a macroestrutura e a microestrutura propostas e apresentamos a primeira versão do glossário, com exemplos de contextos de uso autêntico em ambos os idiomas. Propusemo-nos também a buscar os equivalentes em inglês para uma terapia desenvolvida no Brasil cuja terminologia ainda não tivesse sido vertida para o inglês. Foi escolhida a terapia floral baseada na alquimia, da qual elaboramos um corpus, extraímos os termos mais representativos e buscamos os equivalentes em inglês por meio de pesquisas pontuais. Elaboramos um glossário ilustrado de plantas utilizadas na produção das essências florais utilizadas nessa terapia. Esperamos contribuir com um material de apoio inicial aos tradutores da área de PIC, além de incentivar o desenvolvimento de novas pesquisas sobre essa lingua de especialidade. / The search for health and well-being is intrinsic to the human being. In addition to conventional or allopathic medicine, there are numerous therapeutic modalities considered part of Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM). In Brazil, these therapies are called Complementary and Integrative Practices (CIP), defined by Ministry of Health Ordinance No. 971 of May 3, 2006. Although widely used with support from the World Health Organization, there is a lack of reference terminological materials for translators on this topic. Thus, we seek to develop a Brazilian Portuguese/British English bilingual glossary of this area of expertise, by compiling comparable corpora in both languages, choosing representative texts on this topic. In order to carry out this work, we used as theoretical references Corpus Linguistics and Bilingual Terminology. As a computational tool we used WordSmith Tools. After the compilation of corpora, using academic articles, books, texts of institutional websites and legislation, we examined the language used in the area of CIP and extracted the related terms to the research through a quantitative and qualitative analysis. We verified the occurrence of simple terms, compound terms, complex terms and acronyms. Next, we searched for English equivalents of the selected terms. Not all of the equivalents were found in the English corpus, so we performed a new search using the web as a corpus. Then, we explained the proposed macrostructure and microstructure and presented the first version of the glossary, with examples of contexts of authentic use in both languages. We also proposed to seek equivalents in English for a therapy developed in Brazil whose terminology had not yet been translated into English. Alchemy based flower essences therapy was chosen, from which we developed a corpus, extracted the most representative terms and searched for equivalents in English through a one-on-one research. We developed an illustrated glossary of plants used in the production of the flower essences used in this therapy. We hope to contribute an initial reference material to translators in the area of CIP, as well as encouraging the development of new research on this specialized language.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-10T10:55:49Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 NILSON ELIAS DA SILVA.pdf: 2104651 bytes, checksum: 15384feb09c0a012d7818bf2f348119d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-03-22 / This study aimed to identify the socioeconomic characteristics and geographical distribution of the population using the Hospital of Alternative Medicine in Goiania (HMA), and the spontaneous use of medicinal plants as a cultural factor. Conventional medicine, every day that passes is becoming difficult to access for a large portion of people who seek care units of public health. The work consisted of a cross-sectional study quantitative and qualitative, through the application form and interviews by saturation of information. The quantitative survey data were collected by means of a proportional random sample of the user population of the HMA of both sexes aged over 18 years, consisting of 302 patients. Was applied to this sample for four consecutive weeks in the morning and afternoon from November to December 2008, a form with open and closed questions related to education level, type of plant used, method of preparation and why it appealed to treatment. The application forms were preceded by a pilot study with 13 patients, and interviews were guided by semi-structured questions with the patients intentionally selected and identified at the time of application forms. The tapes were transcribed and stored in secret institution for a period of five (5) years, and then be destroyed. To perform this study and in the application forms, the interview turned to files, records made by local people themselves, and a literature on the subject addressed. It was concluded that the 302 participants, 79.8% were female, 73.6% were between 30 and 59 years, 58.2% were married, 22.8% of the home, 40% have 1 degree and 40, 7% high school. 38.4% have an individual from 2 to 3 minimum wages, and 45.7% with a familiar 2 to 3 salaries. 39% live in Aparecida de Goiania and 22.8% are from home, 37.7% go to the HMA is less than a year. 17.2% were indicated by the HMA / recommendation of friends, 73.8% learned to use plants with the family, 91.1% had healing with plants, 69.5% were plants in the backyard, 31.4 % knew alternative treatment through neighbors, 76.5% use is natural, plants, 57.9% claimed to know the properties of plants. 75.1% said that treatment is more effective. We conclude that the search for alternative treatments and the spontaneous use of medicinal plants occurred through the knowledge that individuals already possess medicinal plants that have incorporated cultural values, and that occurs in people who have difficult access to conventional medical services in general neighborhoods with low purchasing power. / Este trabalho teve como objetivo identificar o perfil socioeconômico e distribuição geográfica da população usuária do Hospital de Medicina Alternativa em Goiânia (HMA), e o uso espontâneo de plantas medicinais como fator cultural. A medicina convencional a cada dia que passa vem se tornando de difícil acesso para grande parcela das pessoas, que procuram por unidades de atendimento de saúde pública. O trabalho consistiu em uma pesquisa transversal quanti-qualitativa, por meio de aplicação de formulário e entrevistas por saturação de informações. Os dados da pesquisa quantitativa foram levantados por meio de uma amostra aleatória proporcional da população usuária do HMA de ambos os sexos e com idade acima de 18 anos, constituída por 302 pacientes. Foi aplicado a esta amostra, durante quatro semanas consecutivas, no período matutino e vespertino de novembro a dezembro de 2008, um formulário com questões abertas e fechadas relacionadas ao nível de instrução, tipos de plantas utilizadas, modo de preparo e razão pela qual recorreram ao tratamento. A aplicação dos formulários foi precedida de uma pesquisa piloto junto a 13 pacientes, e as entrevistas foram orientadas por questões semi-estruturadas junto aos pacientes selecionados intencionalmente e identificados no momento da aplicação dos formulários. As fitas gravadas foram transcritas e serão guardadas sob sigilo institucional por um período de cinco (5) anos, e em seguida serão destruídas. Para a realização desse estudo, além da aplicação dos formulários, a entrevista recorreu-se a arquivos, registros feitos pela própria população local, além de uma literatura especializada sobre o tema abordado. Concluiu-se que dos 302 participantes, 79,8% eram do sexo feminino, 73,6% tinham entre 30 e 59 anos, 58,2% eram casados, 22,8% do lar, 40% possuem 1º grau e 40,7% o Ensino Médio. 38,4% possuem renda individual de 2 a 3 salários mínimos, e 45,7% com renda familiar de 2 a 3 salários. 39% residem em Aparecida de Goiânia e 22,8% são do lar, 37,7% vão ao HMA a menos de um ano. 17,2% foram ao HMA por indicação/recomendação de amigos; 73,8% aprenderam a usar plantas com a família; 91,1% tiveram cura com plantas; 69,5% obtiveram as plantas em fundo de quintal, 31,4% conheceram o tratamento alternativo através de vizinhos; 76,5% usam plantas por ser natural; 57,9% afirmaram conhecer as propriedades das plantas. 75,1% disseram que o tratamento é mais eficaz. Conclui-se que a busca por tratamentos alternativos e o uso espontâneo por plantas medicinais ocorreu inicialmente pelo conhecimento que os indivíduos já possuem de plantas medicinais que já incorporaram de valores culturais, e que ocorre nas populações que tem dificuldades de acesso aos serviços médicos convencionais, em geral de bairros com reduzido poder aquisitivo.

This dissertation explores entanglements of body, national identity and nature in contemporary Mongolia. The project is situated within the rising popularity of natural remedies and alternative medicine during a time described as disorganized (zambaraagui) and disorderly. Data was collected from 33 months of fieldwork in Ulaanbaatar and elsewhere, focused on non-biomedical practices and therapeutic landscapes, especially medicinal springs (arshaan) and their sanatoria. This work contributes to studies of post-socialist Mongolia in a few ways. The methodological decision to engage in interview and participant observation of fortunetellers (üzmerch), practitioners of Buddhist and traditional medicine (otoch, ardiin emch), astrologists (zurhaich), energy healers (bio energich), shamans (böö, zairan, udgan), enlightened lamas (huvilgaan) and massage therapists (bariach) was driven by the fluid approach with which patients approach fulfilling the needs of their health and wellbeing. Such fluidity was also echoed in healing practice; as opposed to bounded by strict conceptual distinctions, healers re-purposed personally and culturally-familiar techniques, ranging from biomedical to those of Buddhist medicine (sowa rigpa) to occult practices. Many of the same techniques were practiced by a range of practitioners. The term orthopraxy, commonality of practice across conceptual difference, is used to address this phenomena. Such pairing together of different kinds of therapies – biomedical or otherwise – calls into question a “traditional” vs. modern or neo-spiritual framework within which such practices are often cast. I employ Robbin’s anthropology of discontinuity (2003), suggesting that Soviet influences represented “hard” cultural forms that provided a partial rupture in cultural knowledge between pre-revolutionary society and 1990. Nature (baigal) and natural surroundings (baigal orchin) were concepts often raised when discussing health and wellbeing. “Spiritual” earth and mountain masters (gazariin/uuliin ezed) of estranged homelands (nutag) that cause illness in families relocated to Ulaanbaatar; the water, flora, and mutton from one’s homeland as especially medicinally-suited to the body; shamans empowered to heal by appropriating into their practices the worship of nationally-significant mountains: territorialized national identity represented a prominent trend in healing practices. The revering of a nation through natural landmarks I call national nature, and suggest it be seen both with respect to romantic and utilitarian conceptions of a therapeutic nature that underpinned Soviet medicine, and Soviet indigenization campaigns and the ethnonationalism that was encouraged to flourish in borderland republics. Affective rooting to natural landmarks to maintain or restore wellbeing was also a way to enact Mongol-ness, rendering healing the body at once a practice of national subject-making.

Nos países ocidentais, a chamada medicina complementar e alternativa (MCA) vem recebendo crescente atenção entre a classe médica devido ao aumento de seu uso pela população. São tipos de práticas de diagnóstico e de cuidados relacionados à saúde que coexistem paralelamente em nosso meio, sendo a maior parte delas, não-regulamentada. Existem poucos estudos sobre o assunto; nos países industrializados, a prevalência de utilização chega a 40% na população geral. Este trabalho procura identificar as atitudes e as experiências sobre MCA entre os médicos domiciliados no Município de São Paulo. É um estudo populacional, descritivo e transversal de uma amostra aleatória de 537 profissionais, de todas as especialidades. Para tanto, foi utilizado um questionário específico, aplicado por meio de contato telefônico, entre outubro de 2002 e fevereiro de 2003. A taxa de resposta foi de 68%. A amostra foi representativa da população estudada, sendo composta de 80 tipos de especialidades e sub-especialidades médicas. Para cada três médicos, houve um do sexo feminino. O grupo que se recusou a responder o questionário era composto de médicos com mais idade, de especialidades cirúrgica e tocoginecologia. Os resultados apontam que a MCA é prevalente no cotidiano do médico paulistano; 87,6% referiram perceber demanda por parte dos pacientes; 5,8% referiram não ter tido contato profissional com MCA; no plano privado, 1,8% referiram não ter tido contato próprio ou de algum familiar próximo. Metade dos médicos mostrou atitude positiva com a MCA; 52% endossam ou prescrevem algum tipo; 20% referem treinamento e 13% informam ser provedores, de pelo menos uma modalidade de MCA. Ao serem indagados sobre a influência das MCA, 61,5% opinaram que há influência positiva para o resultado terapêutico do paciente; 42,8% acham que essas práticas alteram positivamente o trabalho do médico; 61,9% entendem que causam alguma ação sobre o resultado terapêutico. Sessenta e quatro por cento dos médicos sentem pouca ou alguma familiaridade com as MCA. As modalidades que os entrevistados mais referiram conhecimento foram: acupuntura, homeopatia, terapias em grupo, dietas alternativas e massagem. Noventa e um por cento concordaram que é importante o médico ter algum conhecimento em MCA; 69,5% discordaram que devam ser combatidas pela classe médica; 85,4% acharam que devem ser utilizadas somente se forem científicas. Quanto ao treinamento, mais de 60% acharam importante recebê-lo, inclusive na formação médica. Menos de 30% dos médicos referiram fazer sistematicamente, na anamnese, perguntas sobre o uso corrente ou passado de MCA. A análise de dados através de regressão logística ajustada mostrou que a variável “treinamento em MCA" influencia os desfechos “atitude" (OR= 2,20; IC95% 1,21-4,03; p=0,009), “prescreve ou endossa" (OR= 4,07; IC95% 2,02-8,20; p<0,001) e “provedor" (OR= 12,76; IC95% 4,05-40,17; p<0,001). A variável “treinamento" sofreu influência de faixa etária entre 41 e 50 anos (OR= 8,83; IC95% 1,59-49,08; p=0,006), “contato profissional" (OR= 8,59; IC95% 3,94-18,74; p<0,001), “contato particular" (OR= 5,59; IC95% 2,36-13,22; p<0,001), atuar em pediatria (OR= 2,68; IC95% 1,06-6,77) ou em “outras especialidades" (OR= 3,40; IC95% 1,25-9,25; p=0,014), “atitude" (OR= 2,13; IC95% 1,25-3,65; p=0,004) e “tipos diferentes de pós-graduação" (OR= 1,47; IC95% 1,01-2,15; p=0,044). / In western countries, the so called complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) has been getting increasing attention among medical doctors, due to the rise of its use among the population. They are kinds of diagnostic and care practice related to health that exist side by side in our environment, being most of them non-regulated. There are few studies about the subject; in industrialized countries, its prevalence reaches about 40% on the whole population. This paper seeks to identify attitudes and experience about CAM among medical doctors living in São Paulo City. It's a populational, descriptive and cross-sectional study of 537 professionals randomly sampled from all specialties. To do so, it was used a specific questionnaire applied by means of telephone contact between October of 2002 and February of 2003. The response rate was 68%. The sample was a representative one of the studied population, being made up of 80 medical specialties and sub-specialties. For every three medical doctors, there was a female. The group who refused to answer the questionnaire was made up of older medical doctors whose areas are surgery, and obstetrics and gynecology. The results present that CAM is prevalent in daily life for medical doctors of São Paulo City; 87,6% have already noticed some kind of interest from their patients; 5,8% mentioned that they have never had any contact with CAM on their professional field; 1,8% has never had any personal or familiar contact with it. Half of the medical doctors have shown positive attitude towards CAM; 52% endorse or prescribe some kind of CAM; 20% have had trainning and 13% are providers of, at least one kind of, CAM. When they were questioned about the influence of CAM, 61,5% gave their opinion that there had positive influence on patients’ therapeutic results; 42,8% think that these practices alter medical doctors’ work positively; 61,9% understand that it causes some action in therapeutic result. Sixty-four per cent of all doctors feel a little or some familiarity with CAM. The modality which the interviewees showed a better knowledge were: acupuncture, homeopathy, group therapy, alternative diets and massage. Ninety one per cent agreed that it's important that medical doctors should have some knowledge of CAM; 69,5% disagreed that they should be opposed by medical doctors; 85,4% think that they must be used only if they were scientific. As for trainning, more than 60% think it's important to get it, inclusive under-graduation education. Less than 30% of medical doctors mentioned that they sistematically ask questions for the patients, in their anamnesis, about the current or past use of CAM. The data through adjusted logistic regression analysis showed the variable "CAM trainning" influence the outcome "attitude" (OR= 2,20; IC95% 1,21-4,03; p=0,009), "prescribes or endorses" (OR= 4,07; IC95% 2,02-8,20; p<0,001) and "provider" (OR= 12,76; IC95% 4,05-40,17; p<0,001). The variable "trainning" was influenced by the aged range between 41 and 50 years (OR= 8,83; IC95% 1,59-49,08; p=0,006), "professional contact" (OR= 8,59; IC95% 3,94-18,74; p<0,001), "private contact" (OR= 5,59; IC95% 2,36-13,22; p<0,001), act in pediatrics (OR= 2,68; IC95% 1,06-6,77) or in "other specialties" (OR= 3,40; IC95% 1,25-9,25; p=0,014), “attitude" (OR= 2,13; IC95% 1,25-3,65; p=0,004) and “different kinds of post-graduation" (OR= 1,47; IC95% 1,01-2,15; p=0,044).

In the light of the current patient-centred approach to healthcare delivery, this research investigated the effectiveness and safety of paediatric complementary and alternative medicines (CAMs) from the users' perspective in order to generate suitable data to inform healthcare policy and planning. The research was in three parts: a systematic review (SR), a database analysis and a survey. The SR of papers published on the topic from 2000 to July 2011 identified 46 eligible studies conducted predominantly in the USA (14; 30%); with only 5 UK studies (11%), of which 2 were Scottish. Generally, their findings indicated a high report of positive health outcomes by CAM users, and a low report of adverse outcomes. Critical appraisal, however, highlighted the low methodological quality of most studies; with an overall quality rating of 45%, and only 9 studies (20%) possessing up to 8 of 12 quality indices. A tendency towards selective outcome reporting bias was also observed. The database research explored the suspected adverse reactions (ADRs) associated with paediatric use of natural health products (NHPs) as reported on the Yellow Card Scheme (YCS) from its inception until July 2012. The YCS data was mined to estimate the frequency and seriousness of the ADRs reported. NHPs were found to have contributed < 1% of ADR reports within the period, with paediatric subjects contributing 8.6% of NHP reports (192 reports). These profiled 332 specific ADRs, 30% of which were described as serious. Female subjects contributed marginally more ADRs than males (51.5%). Rash and other skin and subcutaneous disorders were the most common ADRs. Herb-drug combination products were found to generate the most ADRs, with the senna-piperazine combination being the most frequently reported (89 ADRs). The product most associated with fatalities was soybean oil (5 reports). Generally, however, NHP-related ADRs reported for paediatric subjects in the YCS were found to be relatively few, and of low severity (6%) and fatality (2%); with over 75% resolution, and mostly within 3 days (68%). The survey component of the research was a bi-modal analytic cross-sectional survey of parents in Aberdeen, and aimed to determine the nature and demography of the use and user-reported outcomes of CAM among children in Aberdeen. Consenting parents recruited from the general population were invited to complete online or paper versions of a validated questionnaire. 212 parents of 391 children completed the survey, of which 143 reported CAM use in their children (67.5%). Participants were mainly mothers (73.6%); Caucasian (84.4%); aged 30-44 years (59.7%); and educated beyond secondary level (85.3%). 213 children had ever used CAM, 64.3% of which had always used CAM; while 21.1% had only used CAM within the last 12 months, and 14.6% had used it only previously. 53.1% of child CAM users were female. Parental self CAM use was found to be the strongest predictor of paediatric CAM use. 102 of the 123 parents that rated their children's CAM use (82.9%) perceived them as helpful; 76 of which said they helped 'a lot'. Finding personal CAM use helpful was the only factor found to significantly predict perceived effectiveness for paediatric CAM use. 9 parents reported adverse outcomes, mainly allergic skin reactions. In all, this research featured the first SR of user-perceived effectiveness and safety outcomes of paediatric CAMs; the first analysis of NHP-associated ADR reports on the YCS; and the first population-based Scottish study of paediatric CAM use. A triangulation of the results from these three strands validated the key finding that CAM is used widely among children, with high perceived effectiveness and safety outcomes. The implications of this finding for healthcare policy and planning were highlighted.

A busca por saúde e bem-estar é intrínseca ao ser humano. Além da medicina convencional ou alopática, existem numerosas modalidades terapêuticas consideradas parte da Medicina Complementar e Alternativa (MCA). No Brasil, essas terapias foram chamadas Práticas Integrativas e Complementares (PIC), definidas pela Portaria nº 971, de 3 de maio de 2006 do Ministério da Saúde. Embora sejam amplamente utilizadas com apoio da Organização Mundial da Saúde, faltam materiais de suporte aos tradutores sobre esse tema. Dessa forma, procuramos desenvolver um glossário bilíngue português brasileiro/inglês britânico dessa área de especialidade, por meio da compilação de corpora comparáveis nos dois idiomas, escolhendo textos representativos sobre essa temática. Para a realização desse trabalho, utilizamos como referenciais teóricos a Linguística de Corpus e a Terminologia Bilíngue. Como ferramenta computacional usamos o WordSmith Tools. Após a compilação dos corpora, utilizando artigos acadêmicos, livros, textos de sites institucionais e legislação, examinamos a linguagem utilizada na área de PIC e extraímos os termos pertinentes à pesquisa por meio de uma análise quantitativa e qualitativa. Verificamos a ocorrência de termos simples, compostos, complexos e siglas. Em seguida, buscamos os equivalentes em língua inglesa para os termos selecionados. Nem todos os equivalentes foram encontrados no corpus em inglês, portanto, realizamos nova busca usando a web como corpus. Explicitamos a macroestrutura e a microestrutura propostas e apresentamos a primeira versão do glossário, com exemplos de contextos de uso autêntico em ambos os idiomas. Propusemo-nos também a buscar os equivalentes em inglês para uma terapia desenvolvida no Brasil cuja terminologia ainda não tivesse sido vertida para o inglês. Foi escolhida a terapia floral baseada na alquimia, da qual elaboramos um corpus, extraímos os termos mais representativos e buscamos os equivalentes em inglês por meio de pesquisas pontuais. Elaboramos um glossário ilustrado de plantas utilizadas na produção das essências florais utilizadas nessa terapia. Esperamos contribuir com um material de apoio inicial aos tradutores da área de PIC, além de incentivar o desenvolvimento de novas pesquisas sobre essa lingua de especialidade. / The search for health and well-being is intrinsic to the human being. In addition to conventional or allopathic medicine, there are numerous therapeutic modalities considered part of Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM). In Brazil, these therapies are called Complementary and Integrative Practices (CIP), defined by Ministry of Health Ordinance No. 971 of May 3, 2006. Although widely used with support from the World Health Organization, there is a lack of reference terminological materials for translators on this topic. Thus, we seek to develop a Brazilian Portuguese/British English bilingual glossary of this area of expertise, by compiling comparable corpora in both languages, choosing representative texts on this topic. In order to carry out this work, we used as theoretical references Corpus Linguistics and Bilingual Terminology. As a computational tool we used WordSmith Tools. After the compilation of corpora, using academic articles, books, texts of institutional websites and legislation, we examined the language used in the area of CIP and extracted the related terms to the research through a quantitative and qualitative analysis. We verified the occurrence of simple terms, compound terms, complex terms and acronyms. Next, we searched for English equivalents of the selected terms. Not all of the equivalents were found in the English corpus, so we performed a new search using the web as a corpus. Then, we explained the proposed macrostructure and microstructure and presented the first version of the glossary, with examples of contexts of authentic use in both languages. We also proposed to seek equivalents in English for a therapy developed in Brazil whose terminology had not yet been translated into English. Alchemy based flower essences therapy was chosen, from which we developed a corpus, extracted the most representative terms and searched for equivalents in English through a one-on-one research. We developed an illustrated glossary of plants used in the production of the flower essences used in this therapy. We hope to contribute an initial reference material to translators in the area of CIP, as well as encouraging the development of new research on this specialized language.

This study is an investigation into why people with depression and anxiety use complementary and alternative medicines at higher rates than the general population. The study examines perceptions of mental illness and meanings assigned to depression and anxiety, others’ perceptions of mental illness, and experiences with conventional medicine. All participants were using complementary and alternative medicine at the time of the study; their reasons for CAM use as well as how CAM affected perceptions of their illness were main research questions. I conducted three focus groups with individuals diagnosed with depression who were using complementary and alternative medicine as forms of treatment. Focus groups were transcribed verbatim and analyzed using the coding software Nvivo. Participants were also given two questionnaires that were analyzed using SPSS. This study shows that complementary and alternative medicine ultimately gives individuals perceived control, a sense of agency, action, and acceptance in regards to their mental illness.

Thesis (M. A. (Clinical Psychology)) --University of Limpopo, 2018 / Studies by the World Health Organisation have shown that mental illness is an international health concern across the globe, with one in four people (25%) suffering from mental disorders in both developed and developing countries. In many African countries traditional health practitioners are the health care providers of choice for individuals, families and communities. The aim of this study was to explore methods used by Shona speaking traditional health practitioners in the prevention of mental illness in Bulawayo, Zimbabwe. A qualitative research design was used in the present study. Ten Shona speaking traditional health practitioners (male=9; female=1) were selected through purposive sampling and requested to participate in the study. Data was collected using semi-structured interviews and analysed through thematic content analysis. It was found that traditional healers tend to commonly understand and conceptualise mental illness in terms of the causes instead attaching nosological labels to these conditions. The findings of the study also show that most of the traditional health practitioners interviewed had similar methods of preventing mental illness both in families and individuals. Culture was found to be central in shaping how the traditional health practitioners understand and prevent mental illness. Ancestors were found to be pivotal in specifically determining the methods to prevent mental illness for each client. The study is concluded by recommending closer collaboration between the dominant Western health care system and traditional healing in order to improve mental health care provision in Zimbabwe.

The purpose of this study is to examine how rhetoric functions in the Alternative Birth Movement (ABM). In particular, communication published by movement leaders will be examined to discover how rhetoric propels the movement from one stage to the next as well as how rhetoric facilitates the goals of the movement. When the ABM began in the early 1970s, it faced strong opposition from medical organizations, such as the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. Through the use of powerful rhetoric, however, the movement was able to withstand pressure from the opposition, attract members, and move toward achieving its goals. To understand the functions of rhetoric throughout the alternative birth movement, this study combines Leland Griffin's method of examining movements in phases with Charles Stewart's functional perspective. The study will address the following research questions: 1. How does rhetoric progress the movement from one stage to another? 2. How does rhetoric facilitate the goals of the movement? / Graduation date: 2012