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“Sallqa” es una almohada terapéutica, herbal y natural que proporciona alivio de diversos males y dolencias, musculares, respiratorios y de relajación mientras se duerme, diferenciándose de la competencia por la efectividad comprobada de sus componentes y personalización en el contenido a través de asesorías continuas mediante especialistas que brindarán soporte vía online a un precio justo. El mercado al cual nos enfocamos está conformado por hombres y mujeres que trabajen y/o estudien a la vez, con edades a partir de 25 años, con un estilo de vida inclinado al uso y consumo de productos naturales y medicina alternativa dentro de Perú, el cual muestra una muy buena expectativa de ventas, sustentado en la tasa de conversión obtenida de 12.85% y 85 leads en solo 10 días de prueba con publicidad en redes sociales. En cuanto a los temas más resaltantes del estudio se pueden mencionar el valioso aporte de parte de los 5 miembros del equipo que desarrolla el proyecto gracias a la experiencia y conocimientos en contabilidad, finanzas, administración y medicina natural y alternativa, con una pasión compartida y ganas de causar un gran impacto en la sociedad y economía peruana; la viabilidad del proyecto; y, los excelentes indicadores financieros. Se ha calculado una inversión total de s/22,556 soles para poner en marcha el proyecto, de los cuales el 40% será aportado por cada uno de los 5 accionistas y el 60% diferencial se obtendrá mediante financiamiento no tradicional (inversionistas), ofreciendo un índice de rentabilidad de 5.74. / "Sallqa" is a therapeutic, herbal and natural pillow that provides relief from various ailments and ailments, muscular, respiratory and relaxation while sleeping, differentiating itself from the competition for the proven effectiveness of its components and personalization in the content through consultancies continuous through specialists who will provide online support at a fair price. The market we focus on is made up of men and women who work and / or study at the same time, aged 25 and over, with a lifestyle inclined to the use and consumption of natural products and alternative medicine within Peru, which shows a very good sales expectation, supported by the conversion rate obtained of 12.85% and 85 leads in just 10 days of testing with advertising on social networks. Regarding the most outstanding topics of the study, the valuable contribution of the 5 members of the team that develops the project can be mentioned thanks to the experience and knowledge in accounting, finance, administration and natural and alternative medicine, with a shared passion and desire to cause a great impact in the Peruvian society and economy; the viability of the project; and the excellent financial indicators. A total investment of s / 22,556 soles has been calculated to start the project, of which 40% will be contributed by each of the 5 shareholders and the 60% differential will be obtained through non-traditional financing (investors), offering a profitability index of 5.74. / Trabajo de investigación

Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) has been common practice for many years, and part of the treatment plan of several million patients in the world. This includes areas such as Great Britain, USA, Germany, the Netherlands, Ireland, Switzerland and China. However, its possibilities in the territory of the Czech Republic are limited and insufficiently mapped (the area of practicing TCM for non-medical education practitioners). The thesis analyzes the current situation of doctors and practitioners applying TCM in the territory of the Czech Republic compared to other countries where TCM has been successfully established within the health system for many years. It also aims to find out how doctors and practitioners advocate their focus, what reasons they present for treatment with the TCM and how they deal with the criticism of their colleagues from the West. The work will include findings on why conventional physicians are heading towards Eastern medicine. Due to the debate of the topic, the thesis will continue to deal with the legislative anchoring of TCM in the laws of the Czech Republic and the world. The theoretical part of the thesis presents basic concepts related to the history and philosophy of the TCM. It also describes methods of diagnostics, treatment and pillars that the TCM supports...

Bakgrund: Tidigare forskning visar att det i flertal länder inom sjukvården finns bristande kunskap kring implementering och rekommendation av komplementär alternativ medicin (KAM), där yoga ingår. Samtidigt visar forskning att patienter önskar alternativa behandlingsmetoder ensamt i tillägg till traditionell medicinsk behandling. Syfte: Att undersöka patienters erfarenheter av yogans effekt som omvårdnadsåtgärd inom primärvården. Metod: En litteraturöversikt där resultatet baseras på 15 vetenskapliga artiklar ifrån sex olika länder. Cinahl, PubMed och PsycINFO är databaserna som användes. Efter analys har resultat från artiklarna delats upp i tre teman och sex subteman. Resultat: Patienters erfarenhet av yogans effekt är att yoga kan öka livskvalitet, minska stress, öka medvetenhet och öka acceptans av kroppen. Yoga visar sig kunna vara ett verktyg för patienterna att hantera negativa tankar och minska eller förebygga ångest. Resultatet visar att patienters erfarenheter av yoga är att det finns utmaningar att upprätthålla yogautövningarna och att hitta tid för yoga i vardagslivet bland konkurrerande prioriteringar. Sammanfattningsvis visar litteraturöversiktens resultat att yoga har minst en psykologisk god effekt oavsett vad som undersöktes. Slutsats: Resultatet visar god effekt på psykologiska och fysiologiska symtom och yoga skulle kunna vara en effektiv omvårdnadsåtgärd i primärvården där egenvård och hälsofrämjande ligger i fokus. / Background: Previous research’s shows that there is a lack of knowledge about the implementation and recommendation of complementary alternative medicine (CAM), which includes yoga. At the same time research shows that patients want alternative treatment methods in addition to traditional medical treatment. Aim: Patients’ experience of the effect of yoga as a nursing measure in primary care. Method: A literature review where the result is based on fifteen scientific articles from six different countries from the databases Cinahl, PubMed and PsycINFO. After analysis, results from the articles were divided into three themes and six subthemes. Results: Patient’s experience of the effect of yoga is that yoga can increase quality of life, reduce stress, increase awareness and increased acceptance of the body. Yoga proves to be a tool for patients to deal with negative thoughts and reduce or prevent anxiety. The result shows that patients’ experience of yoga is that there are challenges in maintaining yoga practice and finding time for yoga in everyday life among competing priorities. In summary the literature review results shows that yoga has at least one psychologically good effect, regardless of what they examined. Conclusion: The result shows good effect on psychological and physiological symptoms and yoga could be an effective nursing measure in primary care where self-care and health promotion are in focus.

The thesis consists of an introduction and two papers. In the introduction a brief historical survey of empirical investigations into the effectiveness of medicinal interventions is given. Also, the main ideas of the EBM (evidence-based medicine) movement are presented. Both included papers can be viewed as investigations into the reasonableness of EBM and its hierarchies of evidence. Paper I: Typically, in a clinical trial patients with specified symptoms are given either of two or more predetermined treatments. Health endpoints in these groups are then compared using statistical methods. Concerns have been raised, not least from adherents of so-called alternative medicine, that clinical trials do not offer reliable evidence for some types of treatment, in particular for highly individualized treatments, for example traditional homeopathy. It is argued that such concerns are unfounded. There are two minimal conditions related to the nature of the treatments that must be fulfilled for evaluability in a clinical trial, namely (1) the proper distinction of the two treatment groups and (2) the elimination of confounding variables or variations. These are delineated, and a few misunderstandings are corrected. It is concluded that the conditions do not preclude the testing of alternative medicine, whether individualized or not. Paper II: Traditionally, mechanistic reasoning has been assigned a negligible role in standard EBM literature, although some recent authors have argued for an upgrading. Even so, mechanistic reasoning that has received attention has almost exclusively been positive -- both in an epistemic sense of claiming that there is a mechanistic chain and in a health-related sense of there being claimed benefits for the patient. Negative mechanistic reasoning has been neglected, both in the epistemic and in the health-related sense. I distinguish three main types of negative mechanistic reasoning and subsume them under a new definition of mechanistic reasoning in the context of assessing medical interventions. Although this definition is wider than a previous suggestion in the literature, there are still other instances of reasoning that concern mechanisms but do not (and should not) count as mechanistic reasoning. One of the three distinguished types, which is negative only in the health-related sense, has a corresponding positive counterpart, whereas the other two, which are epistemically negative, do not have such counterparts, at least not that are particularly interesting as evidence. Accounting for negative mechanistic reasoning in EBM is therefore partly different from accounting for positive mechanistic reasoning. Each negative type corresponds to a range of evidential strengths, and it is argued that there are differences with respect to the typical strengths. The variety of negative mechanistic reasoning should be acknowledged in EBM, and presents a serious challenge to proponents of so-called medical hierarchies of evidence. / <p>QC 20150413</p>

My diploma thesis deals with the relationship and more specifically with the boundaries and inequalities between scientific medicine and alternative medicine from the constructionistic and interactionistic point of view. It explores how the boundaries are constructed by the representatives of biomedicine on one side and the representatives of alternative medicine on the other side. This thesis is based on a qualitative research - semi-standardised interviews with members of both systems of medicine. The state and the role of alternative medicine in czech setting is presented to the reader and the construction of boundaries in this context is explored. The thesis shows that the representatives of biomedicine build boundaries mainly based on moral aspects, while the representatives of alternative medicine have larger and more varied repertoire of boundaries. The fact is probably given by structural conditions and the role of alternative medicine - while the representatives of biomedicine "only" want to maintain the status quo, the representatives of alternative medicine struggle to change their situation, which requires bigger effort.

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El tema de tesis desarrollado en la investigación corresponde a la propuesta arquitectónica de un “ Centro de Medicina Alternativa ”, el cual surge por la deficiencia infraestructural de los centros de salud convencionales y se enfoca en personas que padecen de cáncer ya que según el Minsa es la primera enfermedad que causa mayores muertes. Con respecto al usuario no existe una preocupación de la percepción emocional de sus pacientes en los espacios que se realizan. De esta forma, se propone una propuesta arquitectónica mediante el estudio del enfoque de la percepción. De esa manera, se logra un centro idóneo para el paciente teniendo en cuenta que son usuarios susceptibles emocionalmente. Con respecto a lo social, se propone una forma menos invasiva para poder tratar esta enfermedad crónica con tratamientos alternativos que conformara el centro ya que la única opción para poder tratar esta enfermedad crónica es mediante la medicina convencional que es tratada por cirugía, quimioterapia y radiación. La idea es poder otorgarle a la población otra alternativa para poder tratar esta enfermedad crónica. Como conclusión, para todo lo mencionado, fue necesario el análisis de proyectos referenciales, antecedentes históricos, la utilización de normas referentes al tema, el estudio del usuario , las características más relevantes del lugar , el cual se encuentra en Huachipa y la revisión de teorías del estudio de la percepción . / The thesis theme developed in the research corresponds to the architectural proposal of a ‘’ Center for Alternative Medicine’’ Which arises from the infrastructural deficiency of conventional health. The centers focus on people who have cancer , according with Minsa the cancer is the first disease that causes more deaths . As for the user , there is no concern about the emotional perception of their patients in the spaces that are performed. the architectural proposal it is about the study of the perception approach . the idea of the center is achieved for the patient, taking into account that they are emotionally susceptible users . In the social sphere, a less invasive way is proposed to be able to treat this chronic disease with the alternative treatments that will make up the center since the only option to treat this chronic disease is through conventional medicine that is treated by surgery. Chemotherapy and radiation. the idea is to be able to give the population another alternative to be able to treat this chronic disease. In conclusion, for all the above it was necessary to analyse referential projects , historical antecedents , the use of norms regarding the subject , the study of the user , the most relevant characteristics of the place that is in Huachipa and the revision of theories of the study of perception. / Tesis

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