One of objectives of practical part of the thesis is to perform an analysis of current state of project management in selected organization. Based on its specific environment and identified opportunities for improvement it follows up with formalization of recommended design and way of implementation of alternative approach for project management which uses appropriate agile elements but also reflects specific needs and limits of the organization. In its theoretical part the thesis describes basic terminology related to management of projects and portfolios, selected models of project lifecycle, popular standards and methods of traditional project management, core philosophy of agile and selected practices of agile project management.

This thesis covers with the topic of process management and organization modeling. The goal is to design a future state of process architecture in selected department of a multi-national company, which is based on ISO / IEC TR 29110-5-1-2:2011 for very small entities, complemented by techniques of agile methodologies. The final form of the future proposal includes the conceptual and detail design according to the aforementioned standard, supported by the selected agile techniques, adjusted for the results of the differential analysis of conceptual and detail design and current status. The theoretical part presents the issue of process management and modeling standards and a methodology for modeling and control of IT processes. The practical part is devoted to the application of the selected standard for IT management processes and agile techniques that support this standard. The proposed process architecture is modeled using the selected methodology MMABP and prescribed standards. The work can serve as an inspiration for the company that would be suited a combination of traditional and agile approaches to IT.

The goal of this thesis is creation of methodology for repeatable transformation of customer business needs and goals resulting from company IT strategy to system functionality and process implementation in Business/IT Service Management projects using BMC Atrium and Remedy products. This methodology will be based on existing project management methodologies PRINCE2 and SCRUM. In the thesis I also refer to parts of ITIL v3 process framework. The aim of the thesis is to provide a project delivery framework for IT Consultancy organizations. The framework will foster efficient planning, tracking and communication of requirements and deliverables between IT Consultancy and their customer during entire project lifecycle and will therefore enable repeatable and consistent high quality delivery of customer success.

Publicación a texto completo no autorizada por el autor / Realiza la implementación de buenas prácticas para el desarrollo de la migración de VB 4 a Java de la capa de servicios web del tipo SOAP usando un marco de trabajo Ágil (Scrum). Esto a raíz que se identifica un problema con el cliente del sector de banca y finanzas ya que el desarrollo de las actividades demandaban más tiempo de lo estimado originalmente, causando como efecto que excedan los plazos y en algunos casos los presupuestos, así mismo la consecuente insatisfacción del cliente y de pérdidas para la empresa. / Trabajo de suficiencia profesional

Detalla el desarrollo del proyecto llamado Tracking Crediticio, en el que se implementó un módulo en la web de Banca Empresa para permitir que los clientes puedan consultar sus productos y así resolver los inconvenientes descritos antes. El proceso de desarrollo del proyecto fue realizado siguiendo las pautas y principios de la metodología SCRUM que el área de Transformación Banca Comercial ha venido trabajando desde hace 2 años, uno de los beneficios fue la adaptación constante a cambios en los requerimientos y entrega incremental del producto, obteniendo como resultado un módulo acorde a lo que el cliente final esperaba según la evaluación realizada. / Trabajo de suficiencia profesional

Describe el proceso de desarrollo e implementación de una landing page de compra online de seguros digitales de salud en la empresa Rimac Seguros, el cual tiene como objetivo brindar al usuario una plataforma mutidispositivo desde la cual podrá comprar su seguro y realizar sus operaciones sin salir de casa, para esto se emplearon metodologías ágiles en el desarrollo del software, ya que al ser el primer seguro digital de la rama Salud en Rimac Seguros, estaba sujeto a modificaciones permanentes en el flujo de trabajo. El marco de trabajo usado fue Scrum puesto que permitía entregar versiones del software de manera periódica esto gracias a su desarrollo iterativo e incremental. Otro objetivo de la landing page es disminuir el tiempo de entrega de la póliza al usuario, esto se logró gracias a la automatización de varios procesos en el flujo de compra del seguro. El resultado de la implementación de la landing page permitió agilizar el proceso de compra del seguro digital de salud logrando la satisfacción del usuario. / Trabajo de suficiencia profesional

Sustainability and the penetration of new markets beyond developed industries are two topics that are gaining increasing attention both in research and in business practice. As Western industries are becoming saturated, companies are looking for further business alternatives and are focusing on North-South opportunities, among others. Therefore, bottom-of-the-pyramid markets are often mentioned as promising mass markets. However, market access remains a challenge, as bottom-of-the-pyramid contexts are characterized by low incomes, resource constraints, and infrastructural barriers. In addition, sustainable practices are a challenge. Since the introduction of the Sustainable Development Goals by the United Nations, which apply to all countries, companies are required to address aspects of sustainability in their business practices. However, they have to cope with conflicting dimensions inherent to sustainability such as improving economic and social aspects, which are usually accompanied by higher resource demands and environmental degradation. Previous literature started to address these issues by focusing on innovative approaches such as frugal innovation, social innovation, or resource-constrained innovation. In the last decade, research on frugal innovations has particularly focused on how to address the challenges of low-income and resource-constrained contexts, often with aspects of sustainability in mind. However, to address these low-income contexts, having a suitable innovation is not enough; businesses must actually reach the target group, such as by overcoming accessibility issues in rural areas. Initial research has examined the value chains of frugal innovations and ways to engage the consumer, which also leads to social improvements. Building on this research, this dissertation combines four themes – frugal innovation, sustainability, inclusive business, and Scrum – to illustrate how innovations can address the needs of target groups in bottom-of-the-pyramid contexts and how these innovations can be implemented by engaging target customers. The first paper illustrates the links between frugal innovation and sustainability based on a new sustainability evaluation framework. All cases considered contribute to sustainability, with social improvements being most notable. New employment and income opportunities are key social improvements. They reflect inclusive business approaches, which are the focus of the second paper. The case examples of the second paper show how frugal innovation can be implemented in accordance with inclusive business, which leads to customer involvement and thus mutually supports frugal innovation. The Inclusive Business Link Model for Frugal Innovation was built to show connections of frugal innovation and inclusive business and to provide application possibilities. A key finding was that for the cases considered a high level of customer integration can be achieved through frugal innovations with modular designs and is supported by knowledge transfer and partnerships. To address knowledge transfer and partnerships in particular, the last paper applies Scrum as an agile approach at the execution level for inclusive business. In developing the conceptual model Inclusive Business Scrum Approach, inclusive business is considered as the 'what' and Scrum as the 'how' in engaging low-income consumers. With regard to all three papers and the four included topics, this dissertation achieves several outcomes and contributes to a broader view of how low-income consumers can be addressed. First, each paper illustrates benefits of combining the concepts that could be valuable when addressing the bottom-of-the-pyramid context. Thereby, the papers build on each other and include previous results. Second, aspects of social sustainability are addressed mainly by combining frugal innovation and inclusive business. Third, each paper develops a model or framework intending to support practical applicability. Finally, an outline is provided for how combining frugal innovation, inclusive business, and Scrum positively could impact partnerships, knowledge transfer, and the empowerment of the target group, which could culminate in an approach that addresses challenges experienced when entering the Bottom of the Pyramid that also considers sustainability. The new management options developed begin at a general level and end at an execution level and thus contribute to holistic perspectives on innovations, approaches, and implementation options for organizations intending to address the Bottom of the Pyramid.:Abstract 1 Table of Contents 3 List of Abbreviations 6 List of Tables 7 List of Figures 8 1 Introduction 9 2 Theoretical background 15 2.1 Defining sustainability 15 2.2 The BoP as target group 18 2.3 Frugal innovation 20 2.4 Inclusive business 22 2.5 The agile approach Scrum 25 2.6 Contribution of the investigations and the current relevance of topics 28 3 Methodology 30 4 Papers 32 4.1 Publication 1: Introducing a Sustainability Evaluation Framework based on the Sustainable Development Goals applied to Four Cases of South African Frugal Innovation 32 4.1.1 Introduction 33 4.1.2 Theoretical background and research context 34 4.1.3 Methodology 38 4.1.4 Developing an evaluation framework 40 4.1.5 Limitations 44 4.1.6 Introducing the frugal cases 44 4.1.7 Findings 45 4.1.8 Discussion 48 4.1.9 Conclusion 49 4.2 Publication 2: How Frugal Innovation and Inclusive Business Are Linked to Tackle Low-income Markets 51 4.2.1 Introduction 51 4.2.2 Literature review 55 4.2.3 Methods 62 4.2.4 Results 66 4.2.5 Cross case analysis 75 4.2.6 Inclusive business integration stair model 77 4.2.7 Development of propositions 82 4.2.8 Discussion 84 4.2.9 Research implications 86 4.2.10 Managerial implications 87 4.2.11 Concluding remarks and future research 88 4.3 Publication 3: Boosting Inclusive Businesses’ Opportunities Through the Adoption of Scrum: an Execution Strategy to Enter Low-end Markets 91 4.3.1 Introduction 92 4.3.2 Theoretical background 94 4.3.3 Conceptual model: Inclusive Business Scrum Approach 99 4.3.4 Challenges 106 4.3.5 Summary of key facts and propositions 108 4.3.6 Conclusion 111 4.3.7 Research implications 112 4.3.8 Managerial implications 113 4.3.9 Limitations and future research ideas 114 5 Discussion 116 5.1 Social sustainability 117 5.2 Partnerships 118 5.3 Knowledge transfer 118 5.4 Empowering the target group 119 5.5 Context challenges 119 6 Critical considerations and additional thoughts 121 6.1 Definition and contributions of frugal innovation 121 6.2 Sustainability of initiatives at the BoP and inclusive business 122 6.3 Aspects of leadership theories in Scrum 124 7 Methodological limitations 126 8 Research implications and future research ideas 128 9 Managerial implications 131 10 Conclusion 133 11 References 135 11.1 List of interviews 171 11.2 Further references used in Publication 2, anonymized form 171

The goal of the diploma thesis "Upgrade of agile development support tool" is to study agile methodologies and its use in practice. Thesis is focused on the Scrum framework used by The Corporate Technology department of Siemens, s.r.o. in Brno. Furthermore the thesis analyzes and compares the most used software support tools for agile methodologies which also gives an inspiration for the upgrade of support tool used by the department of Siemens. Thesis identifies possible upgrades based on an analysis with the goal to make agile development even more effective. Results were consulted with the representative of the Siemens company and then modules for Code review and Retrospective were chosen to implement. Implementation consists even of some minor upgrades of the tool. Goals of all implemented upgrades were to save time, optimize administrative work and make development even more effective. Benefits and further upgrades are consulted at the end of the thesis.

The master's thesis deals with the optical recognition of the tasks board in the agile environment. Based on theoretical knowledge about the agile project management, the concept of the task board is introduced. Possible representations of this agile tool are discussed, as well as their advantages and disadvantages. In connection with the optical recognition of the objects, follows the theoretical part dealing with barcodes, their structure and methods of detection and decoding. Based on these facts, the application design is reflecting all the needs specified by the company Siemens CT DC which is the contracting authority of the project. Implemented solution used for synchronization between the physical and virtual task board is able to detect the task cards with reliability about 95 % and allows the full synchronization of the task board during the four cycles. Deployment in the software development team and using the fully automated mode brings approximately five times quicker synchronization than it was before. In a case of semi-automated mode, it is about three times faster than before.

In today’s knowledge-based economy, modern organisations understand the importance of technology in their quest to be considered global leaders. South African markets like others worldwide are regularly flooded with the latest technology trends which can complicate the acquisition, use, management and maintenance of software. To achieve a competitive edge, companies tend to leverage agile methods with the best possible combination of innovative supporting tools as a key differentiator. Software technology firms are in this light faced with determining how to leverage technology and efficient development processes for them to consistently deliver quality software projects and solutions to their customer base. Previous studies have discussed the importance of software development processes from a project management perspective. African academia has immensely contributed in terms of software development and project management research which has focused on modern frameworks, methodologies as well as project management techniques. While the current research continues with this tradition by presenting the pertinence of modern agile methodologies, it additionally further describes modern agile development processes tailored in a sub-Saharan context. The study also aims novelty by showing how innovative sometimes disruptive technology tools can contribute to producing African software solutions to African problems. To this end, the thesis contains an experimental case study where a web portal is prototyped to assist firms with the management of agile project management and engineering related activities. Literature review, semi-structure interviews as well as direct observations from the industry use case are used as data sources. Underpinned by an Activity Theory analytical framework, the qualitative data is analysed by leveraging content and thematic oriented techniques. This study aims to contribute to software engineering as well as the information systems body of knowledge in general. The research hence ambitions to propose a practical framework to promote the delivery of quality software projects and products. For this thesis, such a framework was designed around an information system which helps organizations better manage agile project management and engineering related activities. / Information Science / Ph. D. (Information Systems)