Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-10T19:24:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Janete Terezinha Chimbida.pdf: 933108 bytes, checksum: 8674521518101715064fb24da02f65dd (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-05-29 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico / To present research it was developed in the Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná -UNIOESTE, using the Laboratório de Geotecnia for assembly of the experiment and the Laboratório de Saneamento for chemical analyses. The coming of the processes liquid and solid residues and activities agro industries have as characteristic common to high nutrients load, above all Nitrogen and Phosphorous. When these materials are disposed in a of wastes contention system without correct impermeabilization it can happen the contamination of the groundwater. The objective of this work is to verify the quality of typical distroferric Red Oxisol, of wide regional occurrence, compacted in what it says respect to the permeability; the lixiviation potential of the phosphate; accumulation of the phosphate in the soil and the alterations happened in the soil matrix after the percolation of the swine effluent. The experiment was driven in laboratory scale, being set up a total of 27 columns of PVC tubes, of 1,15m of length and 0,10m of diameter, being in the compacted base 0,03m of soil in three moisture contents (28, 32 and 36%) and applied gross swine effluent (E1), diluted swine effluent (E2) and distilled water (E3), making three repetitions, percolating for at the most 15 days or 8 times the total volume of pores (VP), picking up samples of 25 mL, evaluating the pH, CE and phosphate. Then the columns were dismounted, removing the hydraulic load and dividing the soil in three increments: 0 to -1 cm, -1 at -2 cm and -2 to -3 cm. Discarded the middle increment. It was conduced the analysis of the content organic matter (MO), total and uptake of phosphorous, it was also determined the pH, the zero point charge (ZPC) and the surface potential. The results showed reduction in the permeability with the application of swine effluent to at levels that indicate a possible colmatation; the measures of electric conductivity (CE) were smaller than the initials in the effluents, and the retention of particles was shown with an decrease in the soil surface potential; as the percolation of the phosphate, it was minimum and it happened in the treatments with the soil was not appropriately compacted. The soil analysis showed that the phosphate was retained in the superior increment. / A presente pesquisa foi desenvolvida na Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná UNIOESTE Campus de Cascavel, utilizando o Laboratório de Geotecnia para a montagem do experimento e o Laboratório de Saneamento para a realização das análises químicas. Os resíduos líquidos e sólidos provenientes dos processos e atividades agroindustriais têm como característica comum a alta carga de nutrientes, sobretudo Nitrogênio e Fósforo. Quando esses materiais são dispostos em um sistema de contenção de rejeitos, sem a correta impermeabilização, pode ocorrer a contaminação das águas subterrâneas. O objetivo deste trabalho foi verificar a qualidade do Latossolo Vermelho distroférrico típico, de larga ocorrência regional, compactado, em relação à permeabilidade; ao potencial de lixiviação do fosfato; à acumulação do fosfato no solo e às alterações ocorridas na matriz do solo, após a percolação do efluente de suíno. O experimento foi conduzido em escala de laboratório, montando-se um total de 27 colunas de tubos de PVC, de 1,15 m de comprimento e 0,10 m de diâmetro, compactado na base 0,03 m de solo em três teores de umidade (28, 32 e 36%) e aplicado efluente de suíno bruto (E1), efluente de suíno diluído (E2) e água destilada (E3), com três repetições. Deixou-se percolar por no máximo 15 dias ou 8 vezes o volume total de poros (VP), recolhendo-se amostras de 25 mL, para avaliação do pH, da condutividade elétrica (CE) e da concentração de fosfato. Em seguida, as colunas foram desmontadas, removendo-se a carga hidráulica e dividindo-se o solo em três incrementos: 0 a 1 cm, -1 a 2 cm e 2 a 3 cm. Nos incrementos superior e inferior, realizou-se a análise do teor de matéria orgânica (MO), fósforo total e fósforo assimilável e determinou-se o pH, o ponto de carga zero (PCZ) e o potencial elétrico de superfície, sendo que o incremento do meio foi descartado. Os resultados mostraram redução na permeabilidade com a aplicação de efluente de suíno a níveis que indicam uma possível colmatação; as medidas de condutividade elétrica (CE) foram menores que as iniciais nos efluentes. Verificou-se a retenção de partículas com um decréscimo no potencial de superfície no solo; quanto à percolação do fosfato, foi mínima e ocorreu nos tratamentos em que o solo não foi compactado adequadamente. A análise de solo mostrou que o fosfato ficou retido no incremento superior.

Submitted by Marcos Anselmo (marcos.anselmo@unipampa.edu.br) on 2016-09-09T20:32:46Z No. of bitstreams: 2 MARCELO VARASCHIN GEHM.pdf: 579818 bytes, checksum: ab3693a439153cd17184df2fc888ec66 (MD5) license_rdf: 1232 bytes, checksum: 66e71c371cc565284e70f40736c94386 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Marcos Anselmo (marcos.anselmo@unipampa.edu.br) on 2016-09-09T20:33:05Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 MARCELO VARASCHIN GEHM.pdf: 579818 bytes, checksum: ab3693a439153cd17184df2fc888ec66 (MD5) license_rdf: 1232 bytes, checksum: 66e71c371cc565284e70f40736c94386 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-09-09T20:33:05Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 MARCELO VARASCHIN GEHM.pdf: 579818 bytes, checksum: ab3693a439153cd17184df2fc888ec66 (MD5) license_rdf: 1232 bytes, checksum: 66e71c371cc565284e70f40736c94386 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-08-11 / As afecções do sistema locomotor são um dos problemas mais evidenciados em equinos da raça Crioula, devido às adaptações que estes animais vêm sendo submetidos, principalmente no que tange à alimentação, manejo e treinamento. Dentre estas, destaca-se a osteoartrite társica distal, que pode acarretar perda de desempenho e, até mesmo retirada precoce da atividade atlética. Dessa forma, objetivou-se neste estudo verificar a existência e frequência de comunicação entre as articulações társicas em equinos da raça crioula, além de avaliar a eficiência da técnica de artrografia do tarso, a fim de facilitar procedimentos diagnósticos e terapêuticos. Foram utilizados 50 (100 tarsos) cavalos crioulos de ambos os sexos, de 3 a 8 anos de idade. Destes, 30 tarsos foram excluídos do estudo devido a alterações radiográficas com perda de espaço articular. Os animais foram infiltrados na articulação intertársica distal com contraste positivo e radiografados para constatação de possível comunicação entre as articulações társicas. Verificou-se que em 42,9% dos tarsos não ocorreu qualquer passagem do contraste. Em 54,3% foi observado que o contraste passou para a articulação tarsometatársica e em 11,5% o contraste subiu para as articulações proximais do tarso. Concluiu-se com o presente trabalho que a técnica artrográfica do tarso com o acesso da articulação intertársica distal mostrou-se eficiente, porém com extravasamento do contraste para a bolsa do tendão cuneano em um número expressivo de tarsos e que existe uma porcentagem importante de comunicação entre as articulações distais e proximais do tarso na raça crioula, ressaltando a importância da artrografia antes de procedimentos diagnósticos e, principalmente, terapêuticos. / The disorders of the locomotor system in Crioulo horses are one of the most evident problems due to the adaptations they have been submitted, mainly related to feeding, management and physical training of these animals. Among these disorders, there is the distal tarsal osteoarthritis, which can cause loss of performance and even early withdrawal of athletic activity. Therefore, the objective of this study was to verify the existence of communication between the tarsal joints in Crioulo horses and to evaluate the efficiency of access to distal intertarsal joint in order to facilitate diagnostic and therapeutic procedures. 50 Crioulo horses were used, of both sexes, 3-8 years old, of which 30 tarsus were excluded from the experiment because they had radiographic changes in the region. In all the others, an infiltration of contrast in the distal intertarsal joint and a radiograph were carried out to find possible communication between the tarsal joints. It was found there was no passage of contrast in 42.9% of the tarsus. In 54.3% it was observed that the contrast has spread to the tarsometatarsal joint and 11.5% to proximal tarsal joints. We conclude with this study that tarsal arthrography technique to access the distal intertarsal joint proved to be efficient, but with contrast extravasation into the bag of cunean tendon in a significant number of shanks and that there is a significant percentage of communication between the proximal and distal tarsal joints in the Crioulo horses, highlighting the importance of arthrography before diagnostic and therapeutic procedures.

Made available in DSpace on 2017-05-12T14:48:03Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Janete Terezinha Chimbida.pdf: 933108 bytes, checksum: 8674521518101715064fb24da02f65dd (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-05-29 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico / To present research it was developed in the Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná -UNIOESTE, using the Laboratório de Geotecnia for assembly of the experiment and the Laboratório de Saneamento for chemical analyses. The coming of the processes liquid and solid residues and activities agro industries have as characteristic common to high nutrients load, above all Nitrogen and Phosphorous. When these materials are disposed in a of wastes contention system without correct impermeabilization it can happen the contamination of the groundwater. The objective of this work is to verify the quality of typical distroferric Red Oxisol, of wide regional occurrence, compacted in what it says respect to the permeability; the lixiviation potential of the phosphate; accumulation of the phosphate in the soil and the alterations happened in the soil matrix after the percolation of the swine effluent. The experiment was driven in laboratory scale, being set up a total of 27 columns of PVC tubes, of 1,15m of length and 0,10m of diameter, being in the compacted base 0,03m of soil in three moisture contents (28, 32 and 36%) and applied gross swine effluent (E1), diluted swine effluent (E2) and distilled water (E3), making three repetitions, percolating for at the most 15 days or 8 times the total volume of pores (VP), picking up samples of 25 mL, evaluating the pH, CE and phosphate. Then the columns were dismounted, removing the hydraulic load and dividing the soil in three increments: 0 to -1 cm, -1 at -2 cm and -2 to -3 cm. Discarded the middle increment. It was conduced the analysis of the content organic matter (MO), total and uptake of phosphorous, it was also determined the pH, the zero point charge (ZPC) and the surface potential. The results showed reduction in the permeability with the application of swine effluent to at levels that indicate a possible colmatation; the measures of electric conductivity (CE) were smaller than the initials in the effluents, and the retention of particles was shown with an decrease in the soil surface potential; as the percolation of the phosphate, it was minimum and it happened in the treatments with the soil was not appropriately compacted. The soil analysis showed that the phosphate was retained in the superior increment. / A presente pesquisa foi desenvolvida na Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná UNIOESTE Campus de Cascavel, utilizando o Laboratório de Geotecnia para a montagem do experimento e o Laboratório de Saneamento para a realização das análises químicas. Os resíduos líquidos e sólidos provenientes dos processos e atividades agroindustriais têm como característica comum a alta carga de nutrientes, sobretudo Nitrogênio e Fósforo. Quando esses materiais são dispostos em um sistema de contenção de rejeitos, sem a correta impermeabilização, pode ocorrer a contaminação das águas subterrâneas. O objetivo deste trabalho foi verificar a qualidade do Latossolo Vermelho distroférrico típico, de larga ocorrência regional, compactado, em relação à permeabilidade; ao potencial de lixiviação do fosfato; à acumulação do fosfato no solo e às alterações ocorridas na matriz do solo, após a percolação do efluente de suíno. O experimento foi conduzido em escala de laboratório, montando-se um total de 27 colunas de tubos de PVC, de 1,15 m de comprimento e 0,10 m de diâmetro, compactado na base 0,03 m de solo em três teores de umidade (28, 32 e 36%) e aplicado efluente de suíno bruto (E1), efluente de suíno diluído (E2) e água destilada (E3), com três repetições. Deixou-se percolar por no máximo 15 dias ou 8 vezes o volume total de poros (VP), recolhendo-se amostras de 25 mL, para avaliação do pH, da condutividade elétrica (CE) e da concentração de fosfato. Em seguida, as colunas foram desmontadas, removendo-se a carga hidráulica e dividindo-se o solo em três incrementos: 0 a 1 cm, -1 a 2 cm e 2 a 3 cm. Nos incrementos superior e inferior, realizou-se a análise do teor de matéria orgânica (MO), fósforo total e fósforo assimilável e determinou-se o pH, o ponto de carga zero (PCZ) e o potencial elétrico de superfície, sendo que o incremento do meio foi descartado. Os resultados mostraram redução na permeabilidade com a aplicação de efluente de suíno a níveis que indicam uma possível colmatação; as medidas de condutividade elétrica (CE) foram menores que as iniciais nos efluentes. Verificou-se a retenção de partículas com um decréscimo no potencial de superfície no solo; quanto à percolação do fosfato, foi mínima e ocorreu nos tratamentos em que o solo não foi compactado adequadamente. A análise de solo mostrou que o fosfato ficou retido no incremento superior.

The devastating Floods throughout Iowa in 2008 caused homes to be lost, people to be displaced, and cost billions in economic damages. This left State Officials pondering how to limit the damages of large magnitude floods in the future. From the legislative sessions following this tragedy came the Iowa Flood Center and funding through the Department of Housing and Urban Development (among others) to begin the Iowa Watersheds Project. The project was tasked with the planning, implementation and evaluation of watershed projects to lessen the severity and frequency of flooding in Iowa. One test watershed studied was the Middle Raccoon River watershed in West Central Iowa. To study the impacts of basin-wide flood mitigation strategies on the Middle Raccoon River watershed, the hydrologic modeling software HEC-HMS was used in conjunction with the geographic analysis software, ArcGIS. A model was developed and calibrated to best represent the observed hydrologic response at USGS stream gages located at Bayard, IA and Panora, IA. Once complete, a series of flood mitigation techniques were applied to the watershed model, and run with the 10-, 25-, 50-, and 100-year SCS design storms. These techniques include increasing infiltration by modifying land use, and applying a distributed storage system (ponds). Both practices are shown to have the ability to reduce peak discharge, from 4 percent to 56 percent, depending on the location in the watershed, the severity of the design storm, and the extent of the flood mitigation technique. Although research describing the effects of distributed storage and increased infiltration currently exist, this study details the process in which these effects can be modeled in a heavily agricultural Iowa watershed using a simplified lumped parameter model (HEC-HMS). With recent major flooding events in Iowa, the methods and tools in this report will be valuable in predicting the effectiveness of flood projects prior to project construction.

A soils infiltration rate (IR) is the measured rate that soil is able to absorb water, either from precipitation or irrigation. A low IR can cause damage to crops if the necessary amount of water cannot penetrate to the plant roots in the time needed. The damage can be common in permanent plantings such as almond and pistachio orchards where regular tillage is avoided. This indicates a physical aspect to the problem because tillage increases IR. However, there is also an electrochemical side to infiltration problems because certain calcium surfactant treatments can increase IR. Various other methods have been used to increase IR such as using cover crops and increasing organic matter. Despite these different approaches to the problem, the specific cause of low IR is often unknown. This study was conducted to determine what physical properties of soils from a site in California cause low IR. This research shows the relationship of these properties to low IR. It was assumed that high amounts of mica in the very fine sand and coarse silt fraction of soils in Northwestern Kern County, California may interact with other physical and chemical properties to reduce IR. Fourteen sites were sampled in the area near the towns of Wasco and Shafter. The soils sampled represented the typical agricultural soils of the area and exhibited three levels of infiltration, Good (no amendments), Moderate (requires gypsum), and Poor (gypsum application is insufficient). Mica percentages in the very fine sand and coarse silt were calculated using a petrographic microscope and compared to the overall IR of the fields. Mica was shown to be significant factor at all three levels of IR.

Modern urban stormwater infrastructure includes vegetated bioretention facilities (BRFs) that are designed to detain water and pollutants. Phosphorus (P) is a pollutant in stormwater which can be retained in BRF soils in mineral, plant, and microbial pools. We explored soil properties and phosphorus forms in the soils of 16 operational BRFs in Portland, OR. Since soil hydrology can significantly impact P retention, we selected BRFs along an infiltration rate (IR) gradient. We conducted sequential fractionation and tests of P pools and measured P release in a subset of soils after drying and flooding samples for ten days. We hypothesized that mineral or organic soil P forms would be correlated with IR, and that vulnerability to P release would depend on the interaction of drying and flooding treatments with P forms and pools. IR did not significantly explain differences in P forms. Soil TP was elevated across all sites, compared with TP in agriculturally-impacted wetlands and was substantially composed of soil organic matter (OM)-associated P. Phosphorus sorbed to mineral Fe and Al oxides- was variable but positively correlated with water-extractable P. The concentration gradient of water-extractable P was primarily controlled by overall P pools. Experimentally induced P releases were seen in 5 of 6 soils exposed to drying conditions, presumably released through microbial mineralization of OM. Only one site showed significant P release following the flooding treatment. Our measurements supported the idea that Fe and Al oxides provide P sorption capacity in these BRF soils. Variable inputs of P to BRFs through stormwater and litterfall may contribute to variability in P profiles and P release vulnerability across sites. Design specifications and management decisions relating to bioretention soils (e.g. establishment of acceptable soil test P levels, focusing on P forms known to influence vulnerability of P release) may benefit from detailed biogeochemical investigations.

This study addressed an increasing number of peripheral intravenous catheter infiltrations within hospitals, leading to problems such as phlebitis and cellulitis, which may result in a longer length of hospital stay. The purpose of this project was to determine how to reduce infiltrations in order to increase the longevity of the catheter. A quantitative, description design was used, guided by Abdellah's classification framework for identifying nursing problems. The target population was 50 patients experiencing incidents of peripheral intravenous catheter infiltration, identified in a patient safety event log used across a 252-bed hospital. Each incident was assessed for several risk factors, such as age, diagnosis, length of time of catheter use, co-morbidities, size of catheter used for insertion, and how many medications were being administrated intravenously. Using descriptive statistics, the combination of patient co-morbidities had a direct correlation with increased probability of infiltration before 96 hours. Among 82% of patients, co-morbidities included hypertension in 56% of subjects, advancing age, and placement of the catheter in the upper arm. Data play a significant role in decisions to change clinical practice and protocols. Findings from this study related to peripheral intravenous catheter insertions, and their maintenance can drive changes across a healthcare organization.

One of the earliest functions to express infiltration as a function of time was introduced by Green and Ampt. In this study their formula was modified to account for air compression and counterflow. Physically,infiltration, air compression, and counterflow occur simultaneously, while in this model they are decoupled within a time step. Counterflow is calculated as a mass flux and pressure is found using the perfect gas law. First, a comparison of three infiltration methods, the original Green and Ampt formulation, a modified version incorporating air compression only, and the third version including air compression and counterflow, was conducted. Then sensitivity of the model accounting for both air compression and counterflow was explored. Results showed that accounting for both air compression and counterflow improves the predicted infiltration rate. Air effect on infiltration can be significant even for environments with an impervious layer as deep as 10m; while for very deep water table environments (100m) the three models give similar results. In shallow water table environments (0.5m), air effect on infiltration rate, cumulative infiltration, ponding time, and saturation time is substantial. The model accounting for air compression and counterflow was then tested for different parameters. It provided reasonable results compared to the Green and Ampt model and the modified version accounting for air compression only. The advantages of this model are that no additional data is required other than what's needed for the original Green and Ampt formulation, and it can be applied for any environment. The assumption of uniform soil moisture content is a limitation for the model, especially for shallow water table environments where the variations in the soil moisture profile within the wetting front depth is substantial.

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Nevada, Reno, 2005. / "May, 2005." Includes bibliographical references. Online version available on the World Wide Web.

Le cancer tue en France 150.000 personnes chaque année, chiffre qui justifie pleinement de faire de la lutte contre cette maladie un axe de recherche majeur. Lutter contre le cancer passe tout d'abord par un dépistage précoce. Dans ce contexte, nous avons tenté de mettre au point un système innovant de diagnostic qui consiste à cibler une tumeur par des lymphocytes marqués magnétiquement et utilisés comme agents de contraste en IRM.<br />L'objectif de notre étude est de marquer le plus efficacement possible des lymphocytes périphériques, grâce à des nanoparticules d'oxydes de fer superparamagnétiques (USPIOs), sans compromettre la viabilité cellulaire, afin de suivre l'infiltration tumorale en IRM. L'efficacité de marquage a été évaluée en déterminant le pourcentage de cellules marquées et la quantité de fer intracellulaire. L'efficacité du marquage sur les images d'IRM a également été évaluée grâce à une nouvelle méthodologie basée sur la quantification des hyposignaux à partir des cartographies 3D T2*.<br />La mise en place de ce système original de diagnostic précoce des tumeurs requiert plusieurs étapes : <br />(1) Choisir parmi les différentes particules synthétisées au laboratoire celle qui marque le plus efficacement les cellules en utilisant une lignée BLCL (B Lymphoblastoïd Cell Line) comme modèle.<br />(2) Marquer les lymphocytes périphériques murins, après les avoir activés de manière non spécifique (Concanavaline A / Il-2), en vue d'une injection autologue par voie intraveineuse chez le rat Sprague Dawley femelle portant une tumeur.<br />(3) Suivre en IRM l'infiltration tumorale des lymphocytes activés et marqués.