University: Univerzita Karlova v Praze, Pedagogická fakulta, Katedra germanistiky Title: Gibberish. Is Denglish Our Fate? A Diachronic-synchonic Analysis of Anglicisms in Selected Periodicals Author: Bc. Lenka Kotvová Supervisor: PhDr. Dalibor Zeman, Ph.D. Pages: 144 The thesis deals with the issue of anglicisms in the German language, being based on the research of their presence in selected periodicals. In the theoretical part the individual linguistic terms are explained. Further, a brief, retrospective overview of the influences on German language is presented. Into focus comes the one these days most widely spread: the influence of English. Contrastive reactions to this phenomenon of both professional and lay public are introduced and attention is also drawn to the comparison of possible benefits and danger of the use of anglicisms. The practical part consists in own research, which comprehensively parses five selected periodicals in the terms of the presence of anglicisms. Both the quantitative and qualitative characteristics are examined and put through diachronic and synchronic comparison. The results of the research are finally confronted with the ideas and experience of lay public gained by the means of a questionnaire. Key words: Anglicism, Denglish, Periodical

La mayor parte de la terminología especializada de la informática provienede calcos del inglés, y a menudo se prefiere el anglicismo al término traducidopor diversos motivos, entre ellos, por economía lingüística. En estetrabajo, recogemos los resultados de un estudio empírico sobre la frecuenciade uso de anglicismos crudos entre alumnos de licenciatura en Traducciónde la Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria (España). El grado deutilización de anglicismos léxicos por parte de la muestra seleccionada pareceser relativamente elevado, pero sensiblemente inferior al detectado enun estudio preliminar parcial realizado con una muestra de estudiantes deinformática. Los estudiantes que mayor número de términos propusieronpara las definiciones fueron también los que más sinónimos sugirieron ymás anglicismos utilizaron. / Most technical terms in the field of Computer Science are Englishloanwords. English words are frequently preferred to Spanish terms because of different reasons, for instance, because of linguistic economy. Inthis paper, we reveal the results of an empirical study about the frequencyof use of pure anglicisms. It has been carried out among students ofTranslating and Interpreting at the University of Las Palmas de GranCanaria (Spain). The scope of use of lexical anglicisms by individuals in theanalysed sample seems to be relatively high, but slightly lower than thatof Computer Science students who participated in another preliminarypartial study. Those students who provided more words for definitionsalso suggested more synonyms for the terms, and also used more Englishterms.

The aim of this thesis is to examine the integration of anglicisms into French from a phonetic point of view. The theoretical part deals with the delimitation of the term 'anglicism', its place in the French lexis, a comparison of the phonological systems of both languages and the regularities in phonetic adaptation of anglicisms in the target language. The practical part includes an analysis of the pronunciation of chosen anglicisms. It records variation in lexicographical works as well as in real speech and determines the degree of variability, based on recordings of native speakers. The thesis proceeds from the assumption that anglicisms were, are and will continue to be a highly relevant issue. In spite of all the measures aimed against their integration into the French lexis, they have their place in it, often in several pronunciation variants - whether due to the different inventory of phonemes or to sociolinguistic factors. KEY WORDS: anglicism, French, pronunciation, phonetic adaptation of loanwords

The following Master thesis "A Comparative Analysis of Anglicisms in German Standard Varieties" focuses on the matter of English lexical borrowing in German which is currently very topical and provokes mixed reactions both from laymen and linguists. First, the thesis introduces the fundamental knowledge of language change focusing on its internal and external causes. Furthermore, the three German standard varieties are characterised - German Standard German, Austrian German and Swiss German. The third chapter is devoted to the concrete influence of English lexical borrowings on German. Moreover, the empirical part presents a comparative analysis based on a collection of anglicisms from 100 newspaper articles from national online newspapers for each of the varieties. At the end of the analysis, current tendencies concerning the use of anglicisms and the particularities of the individual standard varieties are defined. To conclude with, the thesis deals with the critical reception of anglicisms in the public discourse and presents the matter from the point of view of sociolinguistics.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-15T19:46:34Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Maria Avila Trigo.pdf: 1984728 bytes, checksum: f1cb04fdf049ff05f092de110ea8691e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-09-11 / Fundo Mackenzie de Pesquisa / This dissertation approaches the use of foreignisms in the supplements Economia (Economics) of the newspaper O Estado de São Paulo (The State of São Paulo) and Dinheiro (Money) of the newspaper Folha de São Paulo (São Paulo s Newspaper) for a period of three months, from May to July, 2006. As from the criticism made to the insertion of foreignisms into Brazil s Portuguese language, specially by the Bill 1676/99 of congressman Aldo Rebelo, which Disposes on the promotion, protection, defense and usage of the Portuguese language , this study aimed at showing how the foreignisms constitute themselves as a source of accretion to the changeable nature of a language. In order to achieve that, we based our work on specialists who have been dealing with foreignisms, such as: Carlos Alberto Faraco (2004), Nelly Carvalho (1987), José Luiz Fiorin (2004), Ana Maria S. Zilles (2004), Ieda Maria Alves (2004), Maria Tereza C. Biderman (2001) and on several discourses: debates in the press about the use of foreign words and expressions, laws, bills and decrees. In order to enlighten the use of foreignisms, we made use of a quantitative approach in which we showed their frequency and behavior in the corpus. The results made evident that it is possible to have the wide presence of foreignisms living together with a text which has the Brazilian Portuguese language as its basis. Such study allowed us to consider that the use of foreignisms in the economy area of the journalistic discourse does not represent a linguistic threaten, but constitutes a lexical variant in Brazil s Portuguese language. / Esta dissertação procura examinar o uso de estrangeirismos nos suplementos Economia, do jornal O Estado de S. Paulo, e Dinheiro, do jornal Folha de S. Paulo, em um período de três meses - de maio a julho de 2006. A partir de críticas feitas à inserção do estrangeirismo na língua portuguesa do Brasil, em especial ao Projeto de Lei 1676/99, do deputado Aldo Rebelo, que Dispõe sobre a promoção, a proteção, a defesa e o uso da língua portuguesa , este trabalho objetivou mostrar como o estrangeirismo se constitui em uma fonte de acréscimo à natureza mutável de uma língua. Para tanto, baseamo-nos em especialista com trabalhos voltados para esse tema, como Carlos Alberto Faraco (2004), Nelly Carvalho (1987), José Luiz Fiorin (2004), Ana Maria S. Zilles (2004), Ieda Maria Alves (2004), Maria Tereza C. Biderman (2001), além de discursos diversos, como debates na imprensa sobre o uso de termos estrangeiros, leis, projetos de lei e decretos. A fim de procurar elucidar a questão do uso de estrangeirismos, fizemos uma abordagem quantitativa, onde mostramos a freqüência e comportamento desses estrangeirismos no corpus. Os resultados evidenciaram que é possível termos a ampla presença deles num texto escrito na língua portuguesa do Brasil. Tal estudo permitiu-nos considerar que o uso de estrangeirismos na área econômica do discurso jornalístico não constitui uma ameaça lingüística, mas sim uma variante lexical na língua portuguesa do Brasil.

The thesis deals with the variability of spelling of English loanwords in the Czech language, both from the diachronic and synchronic point of view. It explores Anglicisms in the Czech vocabulary in general, and focuses on the borrowings and their spelling variants occurring in recent journalistic texts. It also examines how the original spelling and pronunciation influence the final form of the loanword which eventually becomes standardised in Czech. The theoretical part describes the phonetic changes that take place when a word is borrowed and also the differences in the phonological systems of Czech and English. The practical part deals with competing alternatives of English loanwords in Czech, both those already firmly established and the newly borrowed ones, which are more likely to occur in dual spelling in the current Czech language.

The diploma thesis deals with anglicisms in the contemporary German. The theoretical part concerns the linguistic aspects of the anglicisms in the phonetic, grammatical and lexicological field. The empirical part contains the corpus of anglicisms, which is created by the means of excerption of the internet magazine for young people YAEZ. It is followed by the corpus analysis of the chosen anglicisms. These results are incorporated into the didactic material at the end of the thesis. The aim of the thesis is to carry out the corpus-based analysis of the anglicisms and to discover the possible use of the anglicisms in the teaching German as a foreign language. The author applies the methods of corpus linguistic corpus DeReKo und its program COSMAS II in order to verify the lexical and grammatical features of the chosen words.

Este trabalho visa, a partir de um estudo exploratÓrio de textos da área da Mineração, investigar a ocorrência de anglicismos termino lÓgicos e descrever a natureza interna, entorno lingüístico e textual que permitem sua existência e funcionamento. Com base nos pressupostos da Teoria Comunicativa da Terminologia e nos paradigmas da Terminologia Textual, postula-se que o termo estrangeiro deve ser analisado em sua inserção no contexto, uma vez que seu valor especializado é ativado pelas condições de uso. Buscou-se apoio nos mestres dos estudos de neologia, empréstimo e estrangeirismo para explicar o anglicismo terminológico como o empréstinlo inglês de uma palavra da linguagem de especialidade utilizada nos textos de Mineração escritos em português do Brasil. A pesquisa parte da observação de um corpus de artigos científicos em português brasileiro, coletados de periódicos da área da Mineração, divididos em subcorpus A e subcorpus B, ambos constituídos de textos de mesma temática e entorno comunicativo, porém com um nível de especialização diferenciado. Os anglicismos coletados apresentam-se basicamente como unidades lingüísticas de valor especializado sem qualquer alteração morfo-tonológica e/ou unidades que conservam a base original inglesa com o acréscimo de sufixos vernáculos. Com o aplicativo WordSmith Tools, geramos listas para o levantamento dos anglicismos comuns aos subcorpora e a extração de seus contextos, os quais forneceram dados, cuja análise permitiu-nos propor critérios possíveis para uma classificação dos anglicismos empregados na linguagem da Mineração. Procuranlos, por fim, estabelecer sua representatividade a partir do que foi possível observar de regular e específico de cada subcorpus. / By an exploratory stuely af texts from the Mining area, this work aims to investigate terminalogícal anglícisms and to describe the internal nature, linguistic and textual environment, which explain their existence and functianing. Basedon the presuppositions of the Communicative Theory of Terminology and Textual Terminology, it is put forth that the foreign term should be analyzed whilc insertcd into its eontext sinee the spccialized value is triggcred by usagc condítions. Also, the research is supportcd by studícs of neology, borrowings and foreignism, in order ta account for the terminological anglicísm as a specialized ward borrowcd from Eng!ish into Portuguese, employed in Brazilian tcxts on Mining. The rcflection stcms from the observation af a corpus of scientific papers written in Brazilian Portuguese collected from Mining Journals, divided into subcorpus A and subcorpus B. Each subcorpus comprises texts of similar thematics and communicative approach written ín a different level of specialization. The anglicisms usually occur as linguistic items of specialized value with no morpho-phonological change and/or lexical units that preserve the original base with the addition of vernacular suffixes. With the software WordSmith Tools, lists were produced to examine anglicisms that are common to each subcorpus. and to extract their contexts. Data collected from such contexts 13mvided ana!yzes to suggest eríteria for categorizing the anglieisms used in the Mining language. Finally, we try to establish the representativeness of aglicicms by observing regularity and specificity of each subcorpus.

Este trabalho visa, a partir de um estudo exploratÓrio de textos da área da Mineração, investigar a ocorrência de anglicismos termino lÓgicos e descrever a natureza interna, entorno lingüístico e textual que permitem sua existência e funcionamento. Com base nos pressupostos da Teoria Comunicativa da Terminologia e nos paradigmas da Terminologia Textual, postula-se que o termo estrangeiro deve ser analisado em sua inserção no contexto, uma vez que seu valor especializado é ativado pelas condições de uso. Buscou-se apoio nos mestres dos estudos de neologia, empréstimo e estrangeirismo para explicar o anglicismo terminológico como o empréstinlo inglês de uma palavra da linguagem de especialidade utilizada nos textos de Mineração escritos em português do Brasil. A pesquisa parte da observação de um corpus de artigos científicos em português brasileiro, coletados de periódicos da área da Mineração, divididos em subcorpus A e subcorpus B, ambos constituídos de textos de mesma temática e entorno comunicativo, porém com um nível de especialização diferenciado. Os anglicismos coletados apresentam-se basicamente como unidades lingüísticas de valor especializado sem qualquer alteração morfo-tonológica e/ou unidades que conservam a base original inglesa com o acréscimo de sufixos vernáculos. Com o aplicativo WordSmith Tools, geramos listas para o levantamento dos anglicismos comuns aos subcorpora e a extração de seus contextos, os quais forneceram dados, cuja análise permitiu-nos propor critérios possíveis para uma classificação dos anglicismos empregados na linguagem da Mineração. Procuranlos, por fim, estabelecer sua representatividade a partir do que foi possível observar de regular e específico de cada subcorpus. / By an exploratory stuely af texts from the Mining area, this work aims to investigate terminalogícal anglícisms and to describe the internal nature, linguistic and textual environment, which explain their existence and functianing. Basedon the presuppositions of the Communicative Theory of Terminology and Textual Terminology, it is put forth that the foreign term should be analyzed whilc insertcd into its eontext sinee the spccialized value is triggcred by usagc condítions. Also, the research is supportcd by studícs of neology, borrowings and foreignism, in order ta account for the terminological anglicísm as a specialized ward borrowcd from Eng!ish into Portuguese, employed in Brazilian tcxts on Mining. The rcflection stcms from the observation af a corpus of scientific papers written in Brazilian Portuguese collected from Mining Journals, divided into subcorpus A and subcorpus B. Each subcorpus comprises texts of similar thematics and communicative approach written ín a different level of specialization. The anglicisms usually occur as linguistic items of specialized value with no morpho-phonological change and/or lexical units that preserve the original base with the addition of vernacular suffixes. With the software WordSmith Tools, lists were produced to examine anglicisms that are common to each subcorpus. and to extract their contexts. Data collected from such contexts 13mvided ana!yzes to suggest eríteria for categorizing the anglieisms used in the Mining language. Finally, we try to establish the representativeness of aglicicms by observing regularity and specificity of each subcorpus.

Engelskans påverkan på svenskan diskuteras ofta och väcker reaktioner hos många. Idag lånar vi in engelska ord och uttryck i större omfattning än någonsin förr. Syftet med denna uppsats är att undersöka svenskars acceptans av nyare anglicismer i svenskan. Undersökningens fokus ligger på konstruktions- och betydelselån snarare än på direkta lånord. Dessutom undersöks svenskars attityder till språksituationen i Sverige idag. Undersökningens material består av 15 anglicismer. Acceptansen av dessa har kontrollerats genom en enkätundersökning. Resultatet visar bland annat att betydelselån accepteras i högre grad än konstruktionslån och att yngre i högre grad accepterar anglicismer än äldre, vilket stämmer överens med tidigare forskning. Resultaten visar också att engelskans ställning i Sverige är stark och att informanterna inte ser domänförluster som ett problem. Slutsatsen är att vissa anglicismer i princip är helt accepterade i svenskan idag, att graden av etablering och graden av acceptans av ett uttryck påverkar varandra och att svenskar inte är oroliga för engelskans påverkan på det svenska språket.