The main aim of this diploma thesis is to prove the impact of pupil?s acquired knowledge of English on their writing in German. In the theoretical part the historical development of both languages is shown with the emphasis on such historical events that determined this development. It is because of these events that each language developed in a different way. In the next chapter both languages are compared and the most important differences are pointed out. Next chapters are about Anglicisms in German, multilingualism and transfer, on this basis information are transferred from one language to another. The topic of last chapter in this part is ?error?. The practical part supports the theoretical knowledge gained by languages-comparing in a practical situation. On the basis of the corrections of upper primary school level German essays with the emphasis on the errors caused by the interference for English the practical part presents not only interesting results gained from many points of view, it also proves the impact of pupil?s acquired knowledge of English on their writing in German. Subsequently, the particular language areas are presented in which this type of errors was the most common. The authentically chosen errors are also commented on. The last part of the work includes various kinds of didactic material that can be used by such teachers of the German language who want to prevent this type of mistakes in their lessons.

The special learning needs in Initial Teacher Education of international postgraduate students whose own education was linguistically and culturally different to that of New Zealand students are often unacknowledged and under-researched. This qualitative study, based on narrative inquiry, presents case studies of six participants from six different countries, languages and cultures. The findings point to challenges faced by pre-service teacher education students from other languages and cultures. Tensions created by language difficulties, new pedagogies and social and educational cultural differences lead to feelings, at times, of disorientation, heightened “otherness” and unease. Students who are crossing the border between one culture and pedagogical belief system to another require specific support. This study did, however, find evidence of students developing new understandings about teaching and learning. The findings carry implications for the content, delivery and pedagogy of Initial Teacher Education programmes. The introduction of a Foundation Course and a Support Group, modelling of good practice by ITE lecturers using a variety of interactive teaching strategies and targeted reflective practices are suggested. In a time of teacher shortages, changing demographics in schools and the changing nature of university-based ITE it is important that the assumption that one size fits all in ITE all needs to be put aside. From the perspectives of social justice and acceptance of diversity it is timely to pay attention in ITE to the learning of students from other languages and cultures. This study suggests ways of moving towards this goal.

This study analyzed the personalities and actions of Regina, Birdie, Alexandra, and Lavinia from Lillian Hellman's The Little Foxes and Another Part of the Forest. The analysis was focused on the relationship between the life and personality of Lillian Hellman and each of the characters. The method of character analysis that was used was that described by David Grote in Script Analysis, but the effect of cultural history on the characters and on Lillian Hellman was examined as well. It was discovered that Lillian Hellman had infused the characters with many aspects her own personality. In the case of Regina and Lavinia, Hellman also used the characterizations to sort out her mixed feelings toward her parents.

Bakgrund: Munchausen syndrome by proxy (MSBP) är en psykisk sjukdom som drabbar föräldrar där barnet/barnen blir offer. Föräldrarna, ofta modern drivs av uppmärksamheten de får av sjukvården. Föräldrarna manipulerar sjukvårdspersonalen då de ofta blir indragna i misshandeln genom diverse behandlingar/ingrepp. Svårigheter med att påvisa misshandeln för allmänsjuksköterskan/sjukvårdspersonalen är svår då det sker i det tysta samt att kunskapen kring MSBP är liten. Vid all misstanke om att ett barn far illa har sjukvårdspersonalen anmälningsplikt och på så sätt kan barnens rättigheter enligt Barnkonventionen skyddas. Syfte: Syftet var att undersöka faktorer som kan leda till tidig upptäckt av förälder med MSBP. Metod: En kvalitativ litteraturstudie baserad på case studies/case reports som innehåller narrativa berättelser som bygger på empiri och induktiv ansats. Litteraturstudien genomfördes utifrån Polit och Becks (2017) niostegsanalys.   Resultat: Fyra kategorier framkom. Vanliga symtom hos barnen, vanliga undersökningar av barnen, vanlig behandling av barnen samt beteenden hos barn respektive föräldrar. Slutsats: De faktorer som vårdpersonal ska vara uppmärksamma på är barns beteendeförändringar och förseningar i utvecklingen, föräldrar som för barnets talan, som ej lämnar barnets sida på sjukhuset samt vill ta och lämna in egna provmaterial från sitt barn. En annan faktor är familjer som frekvent söker vård för sitt barn eller varit inlagda trots att ingen sjukdom kunnat diagnostiseras eller bekräftats till följd av de diffusa symtomen som funnit hos barnen. Ytterligare en faktor är familjer som har haft många vårdkontakter och flyttar ofta. För att denna medvetenheten ska finnas behöver kunskap kring Münchausen Syndrome by Proxy spridas.

The aim of the master’s of literature diploma paper “The Other in Marina Tsvetayeva prose” by a holder of master’ degree Irina Sharanova the essay “My Pushkin” is analyzed,in which M.Tsvetayeva’s conscious and unconscious perception of A.Pushkin as a person and a poet is disclosed with reference to pecularities of a child’s and a mature person’s perception. A.Pushkin is considered by M.Tsvetayeva as “Hers” and “The other” and also as unusual and not a canonical icon. In “The story of Sonechka” the problem of ‘The Other” is contemplated as approaching the miracle of The Other’s event, what helps M.Tsvetayeva to have a sensation of self-respect and value herself in this wopld.

Magistro darbo „Charles Baudelaire —modernus miesto poetas“ objektas — eilėraščiai proza rinkinyje „Paryžiaus Splinas“(Le Spleen de Paris“). Tikslas — atskleisti Ch. Baudelaire‘o eilėraščių proza žanrinius ypatumus, išryškinti paraleles bei skirtumus su eilėraščių rinkiniu „Blogio gėlės“ („Les Fleurs du Mal“). Žanriniu aspektu eilėraštis proza nėra susilaukęs didelių tyrinėjimų. Apie lietuviškojo eilėraščio proza ištakas bei pirmuosius bandymus rašė V. Daujotytė, V. Kubilius. Apie prancūziškuosius — A. Athys, M. Sandras, P. Labarthe ir kiti. Baudelaire‘as laikomas vienu šio žanro pradininkų prancūzų literatūroje, jo eilėraštį proza tituluoja „miesto kūdikiu“. Šiame darbe į eilėraštį proza žvelgiama semantiniu aspektu, akcentuojama miesto tema kūryboje. Darbą sudaro: įvadas, penkios dalys, kuriose aptariama eilėraščio proza išskirtinumas, erdvės, laiko ypatumai, Paryžiaus Splino kaip neišgydomos ligos, apimančios miestietį, simptomai ir būdai pabėgti nuo jo, nagrinėjama Dievo ir šėtono kova. Baudelaire‘o požiūris į miestą yra prieštaringas. Jis Paryžių suvokia kaip destrukcijos šaltinį, tačiau visada pirmenybę teikia būtent miestui, civilizacijai, o ne gamtai. Eilėraščių proza kalbantysis — kūrėjas, poetas. Jis patas analizuoja jausenas Splino apimtame mieste, ieško būdų kaip pasveikti nuo šios ligos. Baudelaire‘as — prieblandos poetas, kurio eiliuotuose eilėraščiuose naktis lydima mirties ženklų, o eilėraščiuose proza suteikia subjektui atgaivą, išsilaisvinimą nuo nerimo... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / The object of the master work “Charles Baudelaire – a modern poet of the city” is poems prose in the collection “The Spleen of Paris” („Le Spleen de Paris“). The aim is to reveal genre peculiarities of Ch. Baudelaire‘s poems prose, to expose parallels and differences with the collection of poems “The Flowers of Evil“ („Les Fleurs du Mal“). The poem prose has not been studied widely. V. Daujotyte, V. Kubilius wrote about the sources and the first attempts with a Lithuanian poem prose. A. Athys, M. Sandras, P. Labarthe and others wrote about French ones. Baudelaire is considered as one of the initiators of this genre in French literature. His poem prose is titled “the baby of the city”. The poem prose is seen semantically in this work, emphasizing on the theme of a town in works. The work consists of: the introduction, five parts, where exclusiveness , spaces, peculiarities of the time, symptoms of the Spleen of Paris as an incurable disease covering the town, the ways helping to escape from it, the fight between God and Satan are analysed. The conclusions are drawn at the end of the work. The town is contradictory from Baudelaire’s point of view. He perceives Paris as the source of destruction, however he prefers the town, the civilisation to the nature. The speaker of poems prose is a creator, a poet. He analyses feelings in the city covered by the Spleen and looks for means helping to recover from this disease. Baudelaire is a poet of the twilight. The night is followed by... [to full text]

Mirties fenomenas telkia daug laukų Levino ir Lingio filosofijoje. Mirtis tai visiškas kitybės išsiveržimas. Levinas klausia ar mirtis paskelbta kito yra dar mano mirtis? Agonijos metu negali apie savo mirtį kalbėti kaip apie kito mirtį. Mirtis kaip įmanomybės neįmanomybė. Levino atsakomybės fenomenu pereinama prie kito. Atsakomybė už kito mirtį tiek, kiek ji susijusi su mano paties mirtimi. Levino mirties fenomenas naikina savastingumą. Lingis mąsto apie tuos, kurie visa palieka, apie tuos, kurie miršta. Jis išryškina, kad mirtis tai ne niekas, kuris pasireiškia mums mirties baime, bet pati nežinomybė. Mirtis kančių riba ir anapusybė. Kančioje, pagal Lingį, išsipildo žmogaus vienatvė, arba jo sąsajos su pačiu savimi, visas intensyvumas, jo tapatybės nepakeičiamumas. Pasikartojančios aplinkybės primena, kad artėja mirtis . Išryškina komunikacijos aspektus mirties fenomene. / The phenomena of the death involves lost of fields in the philosophy of Levinas and Lingis. Death is an absoliute apearence of change. Levinas asks it the death anounced by another person is my daeth? During the periodo f the agony you can not talk about your awn death like about. Death of another person. Death is like possibility of impossibility. According to Levinas phenomena of responsibility we reach another phenomena. Each person is responsible for the death of another persona s much as it is connected with his death. The conception of Levinas death destroys moral aspects of personality. Lingis thinks about those who are leaving everyhing and about those who die. See emphasizes that death is nothing, which reveals itself by our fear of the death. But really it is something. That coeed not be explained. Death is a limits of sufferings and it is something beyond us according to Lingis lonliness of a human beingo r his connections with himself, all intensivity, unchanging of conception of yourself are revealed in suffering. Repeatedby occuring activities remind us that the death is approuching. Also Lingis emphasizes communicative aspects in the phenomena of death.

Thesis--Heidelberg. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (p. 188-200).

Diploma thesis deals with the issue of constructions on the land of another. At first the thesis focuses on definition of basic terms, i.e. the construction and the building plot. In the following text is concerned about permission to build. Attention is focused on three types of titles of use - lease, easement and of peripheral importance, loan of land, which is not given a full explanation, but only focusing on issues related to the topic of work. To the previous issues link two institutes which deal with third and fourth chapter - authorized and unauthorized construction. Authorized construction is current problem in the future and therefore it is very noticeable lack of explicit rules that must be compensated for general rules of unjust enrichment. The chapter on unauthorized construction is divided into sections according to the character of each "type", i.e. whether the construction is movable thing or realty and whether the authorization to construction lacked from outset or dropped out after the construction was built. Last but not least the work deals with public-law issues and also the role of public law in the formation of conditions for the rise of construction - in the chapter devoted to building plot, and also issues permission to build as a public-law act, which makes possible to...

The thesis is focused on ways of formation of permissions to build and the possibilities of settlement of authorized and unauthorized structures, which are established on extraneous grounds. It also defined important terms such as the concept of land, construction or the principle of superficies non solo cedit. Part of the thesis include historical development of the ownership of land and buildings located on them. Essential part of the thesis deals with changes that will bring the effectiveness of a new Civil Code.