by Kok Dick Shun, Louis. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1993. / Includes bibliographical references. / Acknowledgements --- p.I / Table of Contents --- p.II / Abbreviations --- p.V / Aim and Scope of This Dissertation --- p.IX / Abstract --- p.X / Chapter Chapter One： --- General Introduction --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1 --- An Overview of the Immune System --- p.2 / Chapter 1.1.1 --- Innate Immunity --- p.2 / Chapter 1.1.2 --- Adaptive Immunity --- p.3 / Chapter 1.1.2.1 --- Humoral antibody immune response --- p.4 / Chapter 1.1.2.2 --- Cell- mediated immune response --- p.5 / Chapter 1.2 --- Immunomodulation --- p.6 / Chapter 1.3 --- An overview of the Host-mediated response against tumours --- p.9 / Chapter 1.3.1 --- T and B lymphocytes --- p.9 / Chapter 1.3.2 --- M acrophages --- p.14 / Chapter 1.3.3 --- Natural killer cells --- p.17 / Chapter 1.3.4 --- Lymphokines-activated killer cells --- p.20 / Chapter 1.3.5 --- Tumour infiltrating lymphocytes --- p.22 / Chapter 1.3.6 --- Cytokines --- p.23 / Chapter 1.4 --- Carbohydrates as Potential Immunostimulating agents --- p.33 / Chapter 1.5 --- General Properties of Bupleuri radix (B.R.) --- p.35 / Chapter Chapter Two： --- Materials and Methods --- p.36 / Chapter 2.1 --- Materials --- p.37 / Chapter 2.1.1 --- Animals --- p.37 / Chapter 2.1.2 --- Bupleuri radix --- p.37 / Chapter 2.1.3 --- "Buffers, culture media and chemicals" --- p.37 / Chapter 2.1.4 --- Cell lines --- p.48 / Chapter 2.2 --- Methods --- p.49 / Chapter 2.2.1 --- Extraction and fractionation of Bupleuri radix --- p.49 / Chapter 2.2.2 --- Purification of Bupleuri radix --- p.54 / Chapter 2.2.3 --- Characterization of Bupleuri radix --- p.55 / Chapter 2.2.4 --- In vivo Drug Treatment --- p.59 / Chapter 2.2.5 --- Isolation and preparation of cells --- p.59 / Chapter 2.2.6 --- Assays for the immunomodulatory activities of Bupleuri radix --- p.62 / Chapter 2.2.7 --- Assays for the immunorestorative properties of Bupleuri radix --- p.74 / Chapter 2.2.8 --- Assays for the anti-tumour activities of Bupleuri radix --- p.75 / Chapter 2.2.9 --- Statistical analysis --- p.83 / Chapter Chapter Three： --- "Fractionation, Purification and Characterization of Bioactive Compounds from Bupleuri radix" --- p.84 / Chapter 3.1 --- Results / Chapter 3.1.1 --- Extraction and Fractionation of Bupleuri radix --- p.85 / Chapter 3.1.2 --- Purification of Bupleuri radix --- p.85 / Chapter 3.1.3 --- Carbohydrate and Protein Contents of B.R. Fractions --- p.87 / Chapter 3.1.4 --- Lack of cytotoxicity of Bupleuri radix to Mouse Splenocytes --- p.91 / Chapter 3.1.5 --- LC50 of B.R. Fractions determined by Brine Shrimp Bioassay --- p.91 / Chapter 3.1.6 --- Heat stability of B.R. Fractions --- p.93 / Chapter 3.1.7 --- "Uronic Acid Content of BRIai, BRIaii, BRIbi and BRIbii" --- p.93 / Chapter 3.2 --- Discussion --- p.93 / Chapter Chapter Four： --- The Immunomodulatory Activities of Bupleuri radix --- p.96 / Chapter 4.1 --- Results / Chapter 4.1.1 --- Effect of Bupleuri radix on the Specific and Nonspecific Immunity --- p.97 / Chapter 4.1.1.1 --- Mitogenic effect of B.R. Fractions on Murine Splenocytes in vitro --- p.97 / Chapter 4.1.1.2 --- Mitogenic effect of B.R. Fractions on Murine Splenocytes ex vivo --- p.97 / Chapter 4.1.1.3 --- In vitro Mitogenic effect of B.R. Fractions treated with Periodate --- p.103 / Chapter 4.1.1.4 --- In vitro Mitogenic effect of B.R. Fractions treated with Acetic Acid --- p.103 / Chapter 4.1.1.5 --- In vitro Co -mitogenic effect of B.R. Fractions with Polymyxin B Sulphate --- p.107 / Chapter 4.1.1.6 --- Effect of B.R. Fractions on Lymphocyte sub-populations --- p.107 / Chapter 4.1.1.7 --- Primary Humoral Immune Response to SRBC in B.R.-treated mice --- p.107 / Chapter 4.1.1.8 --- Activity of cytotoxic T cells in B.R-treated mice --- p.111 / Chapter 4.1.1.9 --- Effect of B.R. Fractions on Interleukin-1 - like Factors Production --- p.111 / Chapter 4.1.1.10 --- Effect of B.R. Fractions on Interleukin-2 Production --- p.116 / Chapter 4.1.1.11 --- Effect of B.R. Fractions on Interleukin-2 Receptor Expression on Murine Splenocytes --- p.116 / Chapter 4.1.1.12 --- Effect of B.R. Fractions on GM-CSF Production --- p.119 / Chapter 4.1.1.13 --- Immunopotentiating effects of B.R. Fractions on Macrophages: --- p.119 / Chapter 4.1.1.13.1 --- In vivo Migration of Macrophages in B.R.-treated mice --- p.119 / Chapter 4.1.1.13.2 --- Effect of B.R. Fractions on the Fc Receptor Expression on Murine Resident Peritoneal Exudate Cells --- p.123 / Chapter 4.1.2 --- Immunorestorative Properties of Bupleuri radix --- p.123 / Chapter 4.1.2.1 --- Effect of B.R. Fractions on Lymphocyte Blastogenesis in Aged Mice --- p.123 / Chapter 4.1.2.2 --- Effect of B.R. Fractions on Lymphocyte Blastogenesis in Tumour-bearing Mice --- p.125 / Chapter 4.2 --- Discussion --- p.125 / Chapter Chapter Five： --- The Anti-tumour Activities of Bupleuri radix --- p.132 / Chapter 5.1 --- Results / Chapter 5.1.1 --- Cytostatic Effect of B.R. Fractions on Murine Tumour Cell Lines in vitro --- p.133 / Chapter 5.1.2 --- Effect of B.R. Fractions on the Growth of Tumour Ceils in vivo --- p.133 / Chapter 5.1.3 --- Effect of B.R. Fractions on the Survival of EAT-bearing mice --- p.140 / Chapter 5.1.4 --- Ex vivo Induction of Natural Killer Cell Activity by B.R. Fractions --- p.146 / Chapter 5.1.5 --- In vitro Induction of Lymphokine-activated Killer Cell Activity by B.R Fractions --- p.149 / Chapter 5.1.6 --- In vivo Induction of Tumour Infiltrating Lymphocytes by B.R. Fractions --- p.149 / Chapter 5.1.7 --- In vitro Induction of Macrophage-mediated Cytostatic Effect on Tumour Cells by B.R. Fractions --- p.151 / Chapter 5.1.8 --- In vitro Induction of Macrophage-mediated Cytostatic Eifect on Tumour Cells by B.R. Fractions --- p.153 / Chapter 5.1.9 --- Effect of B.R. Fractions on γ-interferon Production in vitro --- p.156 / Chapter 5.2 --- Discussion --- p.156 / Chapter Chapter Six： --- "General Discussion, Conclusion and Future Prospects" --- p.164 / Bibliography --- p.i

Orientador: Jean Leandro dos Santos / Banca: Cleverton Roberto de Andrade / Banca: Marcos Antonio Correa / Resumo: A acne é uma doença autolimitada de componente multifatorial, caracterizada pela presença de inflamação e colonização bacteriana pelo microrganismo Propionibacterium acnes. Atualmente, o tratamento tópico e/ou oral, inclui fármacos com propriedades anti-inflamatórias, antimicrobianas e queratolíticas. Apesar dos efeitos benéficos no tratamento da acne, a terapia atual apresenta limitações que justificam a busca de novos fármacos. Furoxanos e benzofuroxanos são compostos heterocíclicos contendo a função N-óxido e que apresentam uma grande diversidade de propriedades farmacológicas, incluindo antimicrobiana. Neste trabalho investigouse o efeito antimicrobiano de compostos furoxanos e benzofuroxanos pertencentes à biblioteca de moléculas do laboratório de Química Farmacêutica e Medicinal da Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas. Para fins de caracterização do espectro de ação, além do P. acnes foi realizado screening do perfil de atividade antimicrobiana frente às cepas fúngicas, bactérias Gram positivas e Gram negativas usando as técnicas de microdiluição. Os furoxanos e benzofuroxanos foram testados em concentrações que variaram de 0.03 a 100 μg/mL. Foram usados controles como a cefazolina (0.39 μg/mL) para P. acnes, o imipenen (<0.39 μg/mL) para as bactérias Gram positivas, aztreonan (<0.39 μg/mL) para as Gram-negativas, anfotericinaB (0.25 μg/mL) e o fluconazol (65 μg/mL) para as espécies de Candida e Cryptococcus, respectivamente. Após incubação, foram realizadas leituras vis... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: Acne is a self-limiting disease of multifactorial component characterized by the presence of inflammation and bacterial colonization by Propionibacterium acnes. Currently, topical and oral treatments include drugs presenting anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, exfoliating and keratolytics properties. The current treatment has shown adverse effects that justify the search for new anti-acne drugs.Furoxan and benzofuroxan are heterocyclic compounds containing the N-oxide function that exhibit a wide range of pharmacological properties, including antimicrobial. Here, we investigated the antimicrobial effect of furoxans and benzofuroxans derivatives from a library of compounds belonging to the Medicinal Chemistry Laboratory on the School of Pharmaceutical Sciences - UNESP. In order to characterize the spectrum of action not only P. acnes, but also fungal, Gram positive and Gram negative strains of bacteria were used. Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) was determinate by microdilution technique. Benzofuroxan and furoxans were tested at concentrations ranging from 0.03 to 100 μg/mL. It was used as controls:cefazolin (0.39 μg/mL) for P. acnes; imipenem (<0.39 μg/mL) for Gram positive bacteria; aztreonan (<0.39 μg/mL) to Gram-negative; amphotericin B (0.25 μg/ml) and fluconazole (>65 μg/mL) for species of Candida and Cryptococcus, respectively. After incubation, visual readings... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Mestre

Ph.D.

Diss. (sammanfattning) Stockholm : Karolinska institutet, 2009. / Härtill 4 uppsatser.

Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 68-11, Section: B, page: 7281. Adviser: Karen J. Goodman. Includes bibliographical references.

Diss. (sammanfattning) Stockholm : Karolinska institutet, 2007. / Härtill 4 uppsatser.

Diss. (sammanfattning) Linköping : Linköpings universitet, 2008. / Härtill 4 uppsatser.

Diss. (sammanfattning) Stockholm : Karolinska institutet, 2007. / Härtill 5 uppsatser.

Diss. (sammanfattning) Stockholm : Karolinska institutet, 2005. / Härtill 5 uppsatser.

Diss. (sammanfattning) Stockholm : Karol. inst., 2005. / Härtill 5 uppsatser.