The aim of this master thesis is to figure out the role of foreign correspondents within Europe during today’s developments of globalization and digitalization, in the view of professional foreign journalists. The continent becomes closer in terms of politics, currencies and cultures, and a growing infrastructure simplifies travelling and communication. Therefore, the role and function of foreign journalists are more and more questioned. The main focus of this thesis is thereby the case of the foreign correspondence offices of the German public broadcasting network ARD. An auto-ethnographic study was used to base the analysis of this thesis on own perspectives. In a further step interviews with five foreign journalists examine the experiences of professionals in this field. The analysis is based, besides these two qualitative methods, on the theories of Siemes (2000), Cole and Hamilton (2008), and Archetti (2013).The researches’results demonstrate strong arguments for the relevance of the maintenance of foreign correspondences within Europe as the role of public broadcasters in particular is to inform, explain and classify happenings within the own country as well as in foreign areas to the audience. The nearby countries play thereby an important role due to many points of contact; for that reason professional journalists should further on hold the function to care for enlightenment.

The thesis titled Securing airways in pediatric patients on ARD deals with the specifics of nursing care of airways. Care of airways of children hospitalised at the Anaesthetic Resuscitation Department is an integral part of comprehensive nursing care. Each nurse must have a sufficient theoretical and practical knowledge, as well as experience to independently perform nursing care of airways of pediatric patients. Free and patent airway is a prerequisite for ensuring one of the basic life functions. The aim of the theoretical part of the thesis was to summarise the issue of securing airway in children and to focus on nursing care for airways in pediatric patients. The aim of the research was to determine the specifics of nursing care for children hospitalised at the Anaesthetic Resuscitation Department due to impaired breathing. Based on the aim of the thesis, the author set out four research questions: 1. What nursing activities are performed by nurses when securing an airway in a child? 2. How nurses treat airways of intubated children? 3. What nursing care do nurses provide for children before, during and after extubation? 4. What nursing care do nurses provide for children with a tracheostomy? In the empirical part of the thesis the author employed qualitative research. Data collection was performed by the use of individual interviews with nurses. The survey was conducted at a pediatric ICU and a children's Anaesthetic Resuscitation Department. Based on the research questions and information obtained from literature sources the author drew up the basic points for interviews with nurses. The interviews were supplemented by an observation performed on a children's Anaesthetic Resuscitation Department. Interviews and observation were complemented with two case reports of pediatric patients. The reports were processed in accordance with Henderson's model. The thesis's results show specifics and difficulties of nursing care of pediatric patients hospitalised at an Anaesthetic Resuscitation Department. The thesis maps nursing care for pediatric patients when securing airway, it focuses on intubation, tracheostomy tube, extubation, aspiration, and care for oral and nasal cavities. The objective of the thesis is to show not only the specifics of this kind of nursing care and also to demonstrate the importance of communication and emotional support to pediatric patients before, during, and after the medical intervention. The intensive nursing care is continuously improving thanks to new methods and devices. The results will be provided to the nursing management of the pediatric ICU and the children's Anaesthetic Resuscitation Department. They will also be presented at professional seminars and in professional journals.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:32:33Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 EmelineNAL_TESE.pdf: 1948129 bytes, checksum: 6863b246236e066c0974bec3439782b3 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-02-03 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / A s?ndrome da ard?ncia bucal (SAB) ? uma condi??o cl?nica pouco esclarecida caracterizada por sensa??o espont?nea de ard?ncia, dor ou prurido na mucosa oral, sem altera??es locais ou sist?micas identific?veis. Sua etiopatogenia ? incerta, n?o havendo at? o momento uma padroniza??o dos crit?rios utilizados para o seu diagn?stico. O presente estudo objetivou verificar a associa??o de fatores psicol?gicos, hormonais e gen?ticos com a SAB no sentido de propor uma melhor caracteriza??o de sua natureza. Al?m de uma an?lise descritiva da amostra estudada, os aspectos analisados foram especificamente os n?veis de estresse e sua fase, depress?o, e ansiedade, compondo os fatores psicol?gicos; mensura??o dos n?veis s?ricos de cortisol e desidroepiandrosterona (DHEA); bem como a verifica??o sobre a ocorr?ncia de polimorfismos no gene da Interleucina-6 (IL6). Foram realizadas an?lises comparativas entre um grupo de pacientes com SAB e um grupo composto por indiv?duos com ardor bucal secund?rio (AB). Os resultados revelaram diferen?as estatisticamente significativas entre os dois grupos com rela??o aos seguintes aspectos: xerostomia (p=0,01) e hipossaliva??o em repouso (p<0,001), que foram mais prevalentes no grupo SAB; sintomas de depress?o (p=0,033), tamb?m mais presentes no grupo SAB; e dosagem de DHEA, que apresentou n?veis mais reduzidos no grupo SAB (p=0,003). A dosagem desse horm?nio mostrou-se amplamente sens?vel e espec?fica para o diagn?stico da s?ndrome em estudo, sendo verificado que n?veis s?ricos de DHEA abaixo de 0,37?g/mL para mulheres, utilizando-se os procedimentos propostos na pesquisa, possuem um Odds Ratio de 4,0 [95%IC (0,37 a 2,71)]. Foi verificado ainda que o alelo C do polimorfismo rs2069849 da IL-6 pode representar um alelo de risco para a ocorr?ncia de ardor bucal em ambos os grupos, no entanto, n?o se pode garantir sua real implica??o nos processos inflamat?rios da SAB. Os presentes resultados sugerem uma prov?vel influ?ncia da depress?o, bem como de n?veis diminu?dos do horm?nio DHEA na SAB

No description available.

Master of Landscape Architecture / Department of Landscape Architecture/Regional and Community Planning / Lee R. Skabelund / Stormwater management is typically approached from different perspectives by practicing professionals. As such, stormwater planning/design is not always completed as a multi-disciplinary coalition of experts using holistic and synergistic methods. For a number of years, engineers and design professionals, particularly landscape architects, have been employing various strategies and techniques to address on-site stormwater management in terms of water quality and quantity. There is increasing awareness that in order to create solutions that are effective over both the short and long-term a landscape architect’s approach needs to account for the health, safety and welfare perspectives carried by engineers, the unique aspects of particular project sites, their surroundings and bio-regional context, as well as the perceptions of clients, other key stakeholders, and the broader public. This research investigates the various criteria integral to developing an analytic framework for ecologically-appropriate stormwater planning/design (Sustainable Stormwater Evaluation and Site Assessment or SSWESA). SSWESA is proposed as a type of decision-tree for site analysis of sustainable systems pertaining to stormwater. Using the SSWESA process is expected to help researchers and professionals make better planning and design decisions as they select and implement appropriate best management practices (BMPs) for a given site and context. My intent in developing SSWESA is to help designers assess existing and potential stormwater functions at the site scale in order to promote sustainable planning and design based upon the important principle: “First, do no harm”. It is also my intent to promote further research related to sustainability by providing references and sources from experts in the various fields related to ecologically-based stormwater management. A review of the literature related to ecological factors relevant to low impact stormwater management assisted in the development and refinement of the criteria for stormwater assessment and evaluation. In this report, the SSWESA framework is tested on a public school property in Manhattan, Kansas to demonstrate how the framework is applied and to understand the questions and issues that arise from its use.

Abstract The removal of overlying waste rock in open pit mines to dumps is conventionally undertaken by draglines or by trucks and shovels, or by a combination of these. Waste rock dumps are the largest remnant structures of open cut mining operations and can absorb a large proportion of the mine operating costs. If the dumps are not properly developed they can be excessively expensive and can become a major safety risk and environmental hazard. There are many examples worldwide where poor design and construction of waste rock dumps have resulted in failures causing considerable loss of life and widespread damage, or have resulted in erosion and seepage that have led to severe environmental pollution. The proper design and scheduling of waste rock dumps and haul routes can significantly reduce costs, minimise the possibility of failures, and avoid harming the environment. This Thesis is limited to the consideration of trucks and shovels for waste rock haulage in open cut mining operations. It describes the development and application of a waste rock dump scheduling model using the Operations Research technique of Mixed-Integer Linear Programming, implemented in the mathematical modelling language AMPL. The model focuses on minimising the haulage cost for each block of waste rock taken from the open pit and placed in the dump. Allowance is made for the selective placement of benign and reactive waste rock, based on an open pit block model that delineates benign and reactive waste rock. The formulation requires input data including the xyz-coordinates of the block model for the open pit, information on whether the waste rock blocks are benign or reactive, the proposed time scheduling of waste rock haulage from the open pit, unit haulage costs, and the geometry of the waste rock dump, including the delineation of the zones that are benign and those that are reactive. The model was successfully tested by using both simple test data and actual mine site data. The application of the model to a simple case confirmed that it produces results that meet the Objective Function in producing an optimal haulage time and cost, and meets the various Constraints imposed. This model for scheduling the removal of waste rock from open cut mining operations with trucks and shovels will require further research and testing and, because the results are generated in a numerical format, there will also be a need to convert them to a graphical format to facilitate their interpretation. Ultimately, it will have the potential to provide a relatively low-cost scheduling tool that meets operators’ economic, safety and environmental goals.

The Master thesis describes comprehensively attributes and operating of arbitration in the Czech Republic which has acquired significance recently. The work is divided into eight chapters. After exordium I make readers acquainted with alternative dispute resolution, e.g. mediation. The third chapter characterizes arbitration and describes history, sources of law, types of arbitration and capability of arbitrator in the Czech Republic. The fourth part deals with the arbitration agreements and their requirements. The fifth chapter is dedicated to its particular stages and revision, recognition and enforcement of the arbitral awards in order to provide the reader an complex overview of the the arbitration proceedings. In the sixth section, the author tries to define advantages and disadvantages of this method of solving disputes and to answer question why we should choose it. The seventh chapter adds a special current issues devoting an arbitration clause on consumer contracts. In the last chapter author concludes the topic and suggests improvements.

Trafikverket, the Swedish Transport Administration, has been commissioned by the Swedishgovernment to make plans for new railway mainlines between the country’s three largest cities:Stockholm and Gothenburg/Malm¨o. The planned operating speed of the new mainlines isbetween 250–320 km/h. Train traffic at such high speeds across areas with soft soils may lead tolarge amplifications of the train induced ground vibrations, a phenomenon known as the groundvibration boom. The first observation of this phenomenon in practice occurred in Sweden in 1997,at the site Ledsg˚ard on the West Coast Line. This observation led to extensive investigationsand research. One of the research projects consisted of the development of the numerical calculationsoftware VibTrain by the Norwegian Geotechnical Institute, through which high speedtrain induced ground vibrations could be analyzed.The aim of this thesis has been to investigate whether VibTrain also could be used in planningworks for the new mainlines, specifically with respect to (i) evaluating the risk of the groundvibration boom and (ii) designing soil improvement measures. The investigation was conductedthrough calculations using the VibTrain software in three separate parts: (i) a verification of Vib-Train’s function on a modern computer by comparison with previous analyses for the Ledsg˚ardcase, (ii) a parametric study of the calculation model used in VibTrain and (iii) a comparison ofresults from VibTrain with results from the calculation software ωFE-N (¨Ulker-Kaustell 2016)for the location J¨arnasl¨atten in Ostl¨anken, a section of the new mainlines.The main findings from these calculations were:• The use of VibTrain on a modern computer worked well, and the verification of the program’sfunction through comparison with the Ledsg˚ard case yielded consistent results.• Modeling of soil improvement measures in the form of lime cement columns in VibTrain,using the method of equivalent modulus, gave results which principally agreed with theexpected behavior.• The comparison with results from the calculation software ωFE-N showed that the twoprograms agreed relatively well for a case with unimproved subgrade. In the analyzedcases with improved subgrade there were larger discrepancies, due to different modelingstrategies being used in the two programs.Based on the performed calculations, it is evident that VibTrain is best suited for initial assessmentsof the risk of the ground vibration boom. However, the calculation model is not sufficientlydetailed to be used in the design of soil improvement measures for the subgrade.

<p>From the pre-Roman and Roman Iron Age, a number of different fossil agrarian landscapes can be found in southern Sweden - clearance cairn areas, celtic fields, stone-wall complexes and geometrically laid-out strip fields. With two different comparative analyses, this paper tries to explain some of the differences between clearance cairn systems and the other fossil field systems</p><p>The shape of the early Iron Age agrarian landscape varies between different provinces of southern Sweden. At Gotland, celtic field systems were laid-out before 500 BC. In Småland at the same time, areas with clearance cairns were created. How can the difference be explained? The different physical appearance of clearance cairn areas and celtic fields can be explained by the different ways to handle the ard in till and in sandy soil. In sandy soils, and other fine soils, the ard will at each turn deposit small amounts of roots, soil and debris at the edge of the field, which over the years will build up the walls of the celtic fields. But in boulder-rich soil the ard will constantly have to be lifted and tilted, which means that the material will be released before the ard reaches the edge of the field. Since crops, vegetation, houses, field system areas, etc. are identical or at least similar in both landscape types, they most likely represent the same farming system with hay-meadow – stabling – manure – intensely cultivated fields</p><p>In most provinces in southern Sweden, the pre-roman celtic fields and clearance cairn areas were replaced by geometrically laid-out strip fields or different kinds of stone-wall complexes enclosing the fields and farms, around AD 200, but not in Småland. There, the clearance cairn areas were used and extended throughout the Iron Age. How can this regional variation be explained? A comparison between the different landscape types reveals no significant differences in tools, crops, houses, etc. that would support that the difference is explained by a shift in farming systems. A more likely hypothesis is that the difference is due to regional pre-state or early-state political structures with an ambition to control land-use. This is based on the observations that 1) within each region the physical appearance of the fossil landscape is very coherent; 2) between the different regions there are significant differences, and; 3) the different systems were introduced approximately simultaneously in the regions Gotland, Öland, Östergötland, Uppland and Västergötland. This hypothesis implies that Småland either had a separate political structure which chose to keep the old clearance cairn land-use system, or lacked a corresponding regional structure.</p>

From the pre-Roman and Roman Iron Age, a number of different fossil agrarian landscapes can be found in southern Sweden - clearance cairn areas, celtic fields, stone-wall complexes and geometrically laid-out strip fields. With two different comparative analyses, this paper tries to explain some of the differences between clearance cairn systems and the other fossil field systems The shape of the early Iron Age agrarian landscape varies between different provinces of southern Sweden. At Gotland, celtic field systems were laid-out before 500 BC. In Småland at the same time, areas with clearance cairns were created. How can the difference be explained? The different physical appearance of clearance cairn areas and celtic fields can be explained by the different ways to handle the ard in till and in sandy soil. In sandy soils, and other fine soils, the ard will at each turn deposit small amounts of roots, soil and debris at the edge of the field, which over the years will build up the walls of the celtic fields. But in boulder-rich soil the ard will constantly have to be lifted and tilted, which means that the material will be released before the ard reaches the edge of the field. Since crops, vegetation, houses, field system areas, etc. are identical or at least similar in both landscape types, they most likely represent the same farming system with hay-meadow – stabling – manure – intensely cultivated fields In most provinces in southern Sweden, the pre-roman celtic fields and clearance cairn areas were replaced by geometrically laid-out strip fields or different kinds of stone-wall complexes enclosing the fields and farms, around AD 200, but not in Småland. There, the clearance cairn areas were used and extended throughout the Iron Age. How can this regional variation be explained? A comparison between the different landscape types reveals no significant differences in tools, crops, houses, etc. that would support that the difference is explained by a shift in farming systems. A more likely hypothesis is that the difference is due to regional pre-state or early-state political structures with an ambition to control land-use. This is based on the observations that 1) within each region the physical appearance of the fossil landscape is very coherent; 2) between the different regions there are significant differences, and; 3) the different systems were introduced approximately simultaneously in the regions Gotland, Öland, Östergötland, Uppland and Västergötland. This hypothesis implies that Småland either had a separate political structure which chose to keep the old clearance cairn land-use system, or lacked a corresponding regional structure.